Ukushisa kwe-Spring akuvusi izitshalo kuphela, kodwa futhi kubusika phezu kwezibungu ezinambuzane nezinhlamvu zefungi. Ukungatholakali ekuqaleni, baqala ukwenza isinyathelo, benza ukulahlekelwa okuphelele noma okuncane kwamasimu. Ukuqeda omakhelwane abangamenyiwe, ukwelashwa okulungile kwama-strawberries entwasahlobo kusuka ezifweni nasezinambuzane ezibeka isisekelo sokuvunwa okuhle.
Ukwelashwa kwentwasahlobo ye-strawberries kusuka ezinambuzane nezifo
Ukucubungula ama-strawberry entwasahlobo kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ngokushesha nje lapho ukuhlwanyela kususwa iqhwa kanye nesimo sezulu esifudumele:
- Konke kuqala ngokuhlanza - imibhede kufanele ihlanzwe amaqabunga awile, izingxenye ezifile zezitshalo ze-sitrobheli, njll. Kodwa ungakwazi ukusika amaqabunga omnyaka odlule ngemuva kokubonakala kwalabo abasha, uzama ukulimaza inhliziyo yehlathi. Udoti oqoqiwe ushiswe kangcono, ukukhipha amathuba okusabalalisa izinhlamvu ezibangelwa izifo kanye nezibungu ezibulala izinambuzane kusayithi.
- Inhlabathi esitshalweni se-strawberry, ekhululiwe emfucumfuceni wonyaka odlule, ikhululiwe, isuse umqubhezi obekwe ekuqaleni. Lokhu akusizi nje kuphela ukushisa kwesistimu kanye nokuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwamahlathi, kodwa kusiza ukuqeda ingxenye yengonyama yezinambuzane ezinobungozi kanye nezifo eziphilayo ezikhetha isisindo esingenalutho nesondlo ebusika.
- Ukutshala kunamanzi atshisayo ahlanzekile, futhi emva kwalokho kuphathwa ngekhambi elikhethiwe ngokwemiyalo. Ukuze ukwelashwa ukhethe usuku oluzolile, hhayi ukulila, kodwa futhi alukhenyi kahle.
Yini okumele ufeze ama-strawberries entwasahlobo evela ezinambuzane?
I-juicy and sweet sweet strawberry-berry ayithandi abantu kuphela, kodwa futhi nezinambuzane ezinobungozi eziningi: i-weevil beetle, i-drooling-penny, i-nematode, isicabucabu se- spider . Abaningi babo baqala imisebenzi yabo yokuxhaphaza ngokushesha nje lapho ubuso bomhlabathi buba khona + kufika ku-8 ° C futhi isikhathi sokuqala asikwazi ukubonwa ngumlimi wensimu. Lapho imiphumela "yokuhlushwa" iqala ukubamba iso, ukwelashwa kwama-strawberries entwasahlobo kusuka ezifweni nasezinambuzane akusasebenzi - izinambuzane zinesikhathi sokufudukela ezitshaleni ezingomakhelwane noma ukuya esigabeni esingaphansi kokuthuthukiswa.
Amajikijolo ama-strawberry amancane kakhulu, awakwazi ukuhlanzwa ngokuphelele izinto eziwile phansi. Ukukhetha ukuthi ukwelapha ama-strawberries ezivela ezinambuzane yini ukukhetha okuncane kakhulu nokuphephile kubantu kusho: urea, ammonia, iodine, peroxide, manganese. Naphezu kokubonakala kokubaluleka, ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zindlela zokwelapha zasemakhaya kwenza kube nomphumela omuhle, kubhubhise izibungu zezibungu nezinambuzane, izinhlamvu zefungi.
Ukwelashwa kwama-strawberries entwasahlobo nge-ammonia
Isidakamizwa esingabizi kakhulu sekhemisi, i-ammonia ithole isicelo sayo nakubhedi we-sitrobheli. Ukwelashwa kwama-strawberries nge-ammonia kusiza ukubhekana nokuhlaselwa kwe-beetle ye-May, i-nematode, ukunciphisa umsebenzi wezinhlamvu ze-fungal futhi ukugqoka okungcono okungeziwe. Ukuze uthole isisombululo sokusebenza, kubalulekile ukuxuba i-vial eyodwa yama-ammonia (10% i-ammonia, 40 ml) ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi. Thela amahlumela kusuka kumanzi okuchelela nge sprinkler, uzama ukuthola isixazululo kuhlamvu ngalinye. Inhlabathi emva kokwelapha okunjalo ama-strawberries entwasahlobo evela ezifweni kanye nezinambuzane kungcono kuhlanganiswe ngendwangu yesithombo .
Ukucubungula ama-strawberries entwasahlobo nge-urea
Esikhathini sokukhula kwezitshalo ezikhulayo zidinga i-nitrogen. Gcwalisa ukuntuleka kwayo futhi uqinise ukumelana nokuhlaselwa okuhlukahlukene kusiza ukuhlanza ama-strawberries nge-urea . I-liquid yokusebenza yayo ilungiselelwe kusuka ku-1 isipuni se-urea ngamabhakede angu-1 amanzi. Ukuze kuqhutshekwe ukwelashwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuhlanza izihlahla zasemuva. Kubalulekile ukuthi ngalesi sikhathi ingozi yeqhwa eliphindaphindiwe idlulile, kungenjalo esikhundleni sokusebenzisa ukwelashwa kwe-sitrobheli entwasahlobo ezivela ezifweni nasezinambuzane, urea izoholela ekufeni kwezinsimu ze-sitrobheli.
Ukwelashwa kwama-strawberries entwasahlobo nge-iodine
I-amateur ukujabulela amajikijolo amnandi, i-beetle ye-weevil iqala umsebenzi wayo wokuhlambalaza uhlezi ngaphakathi kwefihlekile imbali bese uyidla ngaphakathi. Vikela isivuno esizayo sizosiza ukwelashwa kwama-strawberries nge-iodine. Yenziwa ngezigaba ezimbili. Ekuqaleni, imibhede ihlanzwa amaqabunga endala namanye ama-debris, bese amanzi amaningi ahlanzekile, futhi uma ixiliswe ngokuphelele - amanzi ngokufaka iodine (isigamu sepuniji ngalinye ngamalitha ayi-10). Emasontweni ambalwa emva kwalokhu, ukupompela ngesisombululo se-iodine-soap (isipuni 0.5 se-iodine, insipho encane yokuhlanza, amalitha ayishumi amanzi).
Ukwelashwa kwama-strawberries entwasahlobo nge-sulfate yethusi
Njengazo zonke izitshalo eziningi ezinamathele, ama-strawberries afinyeleleke eziningana zezifo ze-fungal - i- gray gray , powdery isikhutha, isikhumba. Ukuze ubhekane nalezi zinhlekelele, ukwelashwa kwentwasahlobo we-strawberries nge-sulfate yethusi. Njengoba le nsimbi ilaka, iyakwazi ukushisa amaqabunga, isetshenziselwa inhlanganisela ne-lime e-slaked (i-Bordeaux liquid). Kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise i-vitriol ngokucophelela ngendlela ehlanzekile, ukuze ungalimazi imifino ye-strawberry ithenda. Ukuze ulungise isisombululo sokusebenza, hlaziya amagremu angu-100 alo mthombo ngamalitha angu-10 wamanzi futhi ufeze ngokucophelela isihlahla ngasinye.
Ukwelashwa kwama-strawberries entwasahlobo ye-potassium permanganate
I-potassium permanganate, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-potassium permanganate, ingatholakala kunoma yiliphi ikhabhinethi yemithi. Abalimi-balimi balinganisa izindawo zabo zokubulala amagciwane futhi basebenzisa ukuchitha imithi. Ukwelashwa kwama-strawberries nge-potassium permanganate kuvikela izitshalo ekuhlaselweni kwezinambuzane, kwandisa ukumelana nokutheleleka nezifo, futhi kwandisa inhlabathi. Ekuseni kwentwasahlobo, kubalulekile ukulungisa isisombululo se-potassium permanganate esiphezulu (elibomvu eligcwele) futhi sibaphathe ngamaqabunga obucayi, ukukhokha ngokukhethekile ingxenye yabo ephansi.
Ukwelashwa kwama-strawberries entwasahlobo ye-Bordeaux liquid
I-Bordeaux liquid iyinhlanganisela yethusi le-sulfate ne-hydrated lime. Ngenxa yalokho, izakhiwo ze-vitriol ezigciniwe nge-disinfecting zihlala, kepha ukuhlukunyezwa kwayo kunciphise kakhulu. Isixazululo sokusebenza silungiswa ngokushesha ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa (ishalofu impilo yamahora angu-4-5). Ukwelashwa kwe-sitrobheli I-Bordeaux liquid ingenzeka ngezihumusho ezimbili: isixazululo se-1% sisetshenziselwa izinhloso zokuvimbela, futhi 4% ukulawula indawo nokubola kwempunga.
Ukwelashwa kwama-strawberries entwasahlobo nge-hydrogen peroxide
Enye ikhambi elivela esifubeni semithi yomkhaya, i-hydrogen peroxide nayo inenzuzo kumibhede e-strawberry. Akugcini nje ukugqugquzela ukukhula kwezihlahla kanye nokwakhiwa kwama-ovaries, kodwa kuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ze-putrefactive, ezikwazi ukuvuthwa ngokuxhumana ngokuqondile nama-strawberries omhlabathi. Ukucubungula ama-strawberries nge-hydrogen peroxide kungenziwa nje ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kodwa futhi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza. Isixazululo sokupuniza silungisiwe ngesilinganiso se-1 isipuni sokulungiselela ngetitha elilodwa lamanzi. Ngezibonakaliso zokulimala okukhulu ukubola, ukuhlushwa emanzini amanzi kungakhuphuka kube yizinhlamvu ezintathu ze-peroxide.
Ukwelashwa kwama-strawberries entwasahlobo ngamanzi abilayo
Abalandeli bezolimo eziphilayo bazoba nesithakazelo ekucubunguleni ama-strawberries ngamanzi abilayo. Le ndlela, engalimazi izitshalo noma inhlabathi, isivumela ukuba singabhubhisi nje kuphela izinambuzane ebusika emahlathini, kodwa futhi nezinhlamvu ze-fungi eyingozi. Isikhathi esihle sokuphathwa okushisayo kwama-strawberries entwasahlobo kusuka ezifweni nasezinambuzane kuqala kuka-Ephreli. Amanzi atshiswa ekushiseni kwama-60-70 ° C futhi isihlahla ngasinye sichithwa, singathathi amaqabunga kuphela, kodwa futhi nomhlabathi oseduze. Izimpande azihlupheki, ngoba zivikelwe ngokuthembeka ngokungakafiki umhlaba.