Indlela yokukhulisa amantongomane ngezimo ezibalulekile ze-dacha - ezibalulekile zokuvuna okuhle

Umhlabathi awugcini nje okumnandi, kodwa futhi uyasiza emzimbeni. Kuyafaneleka, ngakho-ke kufanelekile ukufunda indlela yokukhulisa amantongomane ezweni, ukuqoqa isivuno esicebile kusayithi lakho. Kunezinto eziningi ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe ukuze isitshalo sikhule futhi sikhule.

Ngamaphi amazwe ama-peanuts akhule?

Izwe langokwezilwane le-peanut yiNingizimu Melika. Ngokusho kocwaningci lwezinto zakudala, ekuqaleni kweminyaka eyi-1 BC. e. AmaNdiya ayehlanganyela emanzini akhula. Ekhulwini le-XVI, izikhukhula zalethwa eChina, eYurophu, wabe esefika eMelika naseNtshonalanga Afrika. Uma ufuna ukuqoqa amantongomane ebhodini eliphakathi, ukulima kufanele kwenziwe ngokulandela imithetho, njengoba amazinga okushisa afanelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ososayensi basanda kukhipha izinhlobo ezinamakhaza ezinamakha, okwakwandisa indawo yokuzala.

Izimo zokukhula kwamanci

Ukuqoqa isivuno esihle samahalanothi, udinga ukukhetha kahle indawo okufanele itshalwe khona. Kunezici ezithile zezinkukhu ezikhulayo engadini:

1. Khetha izindawo ze-solar ku-dacha yakho, futhi kungcono ukugwema okuningi komthunzi. Ubona amahlumela nemimoya enamandla.
2. Ngokuqondene nomhlabathi, kufaneleke kakhulu emhlabathini, okungahambisani namanzi futhi onesihlabathi. Isitshalo esihle siyokhula nge-magnesium ne-calcium compounds. Ihlobana kabi ne-asidi ephezulu kanye nosawoti.
3. Ukuqonda umbuzo wendlela yokutshala amantongomane ku-dacha yakho, kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi abandulela phambili kunazo zonke yila iklabishi, utamatisi namazambane.
4. Kudingekile ukulungisa umhlabathi entwasahlobo, lapho i- nitrofoska iqaliswa khona ngo-50 g nge-1 sq. M. Ekwindla, abalimi banconywa ukuba batshale inhlabathi ngamaminerali kanye nemvelo.

Amantongomane - izindlela zokukhula

Kunezinketho eziningi, njengoba ungakwenza kusayithi lakho ukuze ukhule i-peanut enomnandi. Mayelana nendlela ebonisa ukusebenzisa imbewu emhlabathini ovulekile, kuzoxoxwa ngezansi, kodwa manje ake sikhulume ngokuhlukahluka okuthandwayo kokukhula ngokusebenzisa izithombo. Unomhlomulo obalulekile - ungavuna ngaphezulu ekupheleni kunokutshala ngokuqondile imbewu. Kunemithetho eminingana eyisisekelo yokuthi ungakhulisa kanjani isikhukhula ensimini ngokusiza izithombo:

1. Kungcono ukuthatha izimbiza ze-peat, kodwa uma zingekho, izindebe ezenziwe ngamakhadibhodi noma eplastiki zizokwenza.
2. Inqubo iyadingeka ngo-Ephreli. Isiqukathi esikhethiwe kufanele sigcwaliswe nge-substrate evulekile futhi enomsoco, ehlanganisa inhlabathi nesayithi elinesiliva esilingana nesihlabathi kanye ne-humus.
3. Okokuqala ufake imbewu enesisombululo se-potassium permanganate, okuyokwenza ukuthi kunciphise ingozi yezifo zokunqotshwa kwezifo. Yenza imigodi, ukujula kwe-3-4 cm, ubeke imbewu bese uwagcwalisa.
4. Ukuze amahlumela avele ngokushesha, udinga ukuwavala ngefilimu noma ingilazi. Beka isitsha endaweni efudumele ebomvu, kodwa ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kufanele kugwenywe.
5. Ukunakekela izithombo kufana nezinye izitshalo, futhi ukufakelwa emhlabathini ovulekile kumele kwenziwe ngoMeyi, lapho izinga lokushisa kwezwe ezweni liphakeme.

Amantongomane avela imbewu - ekhula

Ukuphumelela kuxhomeke kakhulu ekuthengweni kwezinto zokutshala ikhwalithi ezindaweni ezifakazelwe. Ungathatha imbewu yekhwalithi kusuka esitshalweni esisha. Kubalulekile ukuthi ama-nuclei ahlanzekile futhi angatholakali ukwelashwa okushisa. Kukhona amathiphu mayelana nokunakekelwa nokutshala kwamanqamu ezweni, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukuvunwa okucebile ngeke kusebenze:

1. Ama-kernels kufanele asuswe emagobolondo bese efakwe ezinqabeni eziningana ze-gauze ehlile ngokucophelela ku-saucer.
2. Ungafaka amaconsi ambalwa e-agent ekhethekile emanzini, okukhuthaza ukukhula.
3. Uma umgogodla ufakwa futhi ubude bawo buyi-1-1.5 mm, kungenzeka ukufakelwa emhlabathini. Kungcono ukusebenzisa amaphilisi we-peat.

Indlela yokutshala ama-karan ezweni?

Kunemithetho eminingana eyisisekelo edinga ukucatshangelwa uma uhlela ukutshala i-peanut kusayithi lakho.

1. Ama-Wells lapho kuzobekwa khona imbewu kufanele ibe no-6-8 cm, futhi uma umhlaba usomile ngo-8-10 cm. Beka ukuthi phakathi kwemigqa kukhona amabanga angaba ngu-70 cm, naphakathi kwamahlathi 15-20 cm.
2. Ukuthola indlela yokutshala ama-peanuts e-dacha, kufanelekile ukukhomba ukuthi emgodini ngamunye kuyadingeka ukuthi ufake i-nucleoli emithathu, okufanele ibe mkhulu.
3. Ngemuva kokuthi imbewu ivaliwe, uthele ngokucophelela imibhede ngaphansi kwengcindezi ebuthakathaka, usebenzisa ikhanda lokugeza ukuze inhlabathi ingahlanzi.
4. Uma izimo zezulu zihle, khona-ke amahlumela azovela ezinsukwini ezingaba ngu-10 emva kokuhlwanyela, futhi izimbali emva kwezinsuku ezingu-25-30.

Isikhathi sokutshala amantongomane ezweni

Njengoba ukufudumala okuhle kudingekile ukukhula okuhle nokufanele kwalesi sitshalo, kunconywa ukuyihlwanyela lapho izinga lokushisa lomhlaba lifinyelela ku-12-14 ° C, futhi lokhu akukafiki ngaphambi kukaMeyi. Kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwamanqamu omhlaba, ama-frosts entwasahlobo ayingozi. Cabanga ngalokhu, njengoba izinga lokushisa lishintsha njalo ngonyaka.

Ukunakekelwa kwePeanut

Ukuze i-peanut ikhule ngokugcwele futhi inike isivuno esihle, kuyadingeka ukuba unakekele kahle. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezici zokuhlanza i-peanut nokukhula ezweni:

1. Lapho isihlahla sitholwa phansi, amahlumela asetshenziswe, njengoba kwenziwa ngamazambane.
2. Kubalulekile ukuthi umhlaba awuwomile, kepha ukugcinwa kwamanzi nakho kuyingozi, ngakho-ke ukuchelela okulinganiselayo. Ngezimbali kumele kube nezitshalo eziningi, ngoba zombili izimbali nezimpande zifana nomswakama. Yenza lokhu izikhathi ezingu-3-4 ngenyanga. Lapho isikhathi sesiphumu siphelile, ukuchelela amahlumela kunconywa kuphela ngesikhathi sesomiso eside.
3. Ukuqonda indlela yokutshala amantongomane ezweni, kubalulekile ukuphawula ukubaluleka kokukhipha umhlaba njalo futhi ukwenze kangcono ngemuva kokuchelela noma imvula.
4. Emva kokuvela kwamahlumela, kumele bavikeleke ekudleni komkhuhlane, ngoba bangachitha ngokuphelele izitshalo.
5. Ama-peanut asabela kahle kumanyolo wamaminerali , okwenziwe kathathu ngenkathi: ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa kwamaqabunga, ukwakha izithelo namafihlethi.
6. Amaqabunga aphuzi kanye ne-stem eyomile izofakazela ukuthi ama-karan avuthiwe.