I-broccoli ekhulayo emfihleni evulekile yokunakekelwa nokutshala

I-broccoli ibhekwa njengenye yemifino ewusizo kakhulu kubantu, njengoba iqukethe amavithamini amaningi, amaminerali nezinye izinto. I-broccoli ekhula endle yenziwa ngokuhambisana nemithetho eminingi ye-agrotechnical. Ungatshala imbewu kanye nezithombo.

Indlela yokutshala u-broccoli emhlabathini ovulekile?

Ubukhulu besitshalo buxhomeke ngokuqondile endaweni efanele yokutshala. Kubalulekile ukuthi isayithi liphuze umoya futhi lihlale likhanya, ngakho iklabishi idinga ukukhanya okungenani amahora angu-6.

1. Imiyalo yokuhlwanyela i-broccoli emhlabathini ovulekile ibonisa ukuthi umhlaba kufanele ube obala futhi ungathathi hlangothi. I-alkalization encane iyamukeleka futhi. Nge-asidi eyanda, engeza i-lime emhlabathini.
2. Akunconywa ukutshala isiko semifino ensimini lapho kunezinye izinhlobo zeklabishi, isithombo, utamatisi kanye nesithombo okusetshenziselwa ukukhula, kodwa amazambane, ukhukhamba kanye nezinhlamvu zibhekwa njengabandulela phambili.
3. Endaweni eyodwa, i-broccoli ingakhula ingekho isikhathi esisodwa.

Ukutshala i-broccoli emhlabathini ovulekile ngembewu

Isiko semifino esethuliwe singatshalwa ngokushesha emgwaqweni, futhi izitshalo ziyoba nempilo kunokuthi uma usebenzisa izithombo. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi impahla yokutshala, eyayiphambi kokuphathwa, iyomelana nokubandayo ku -7 ° C. Kukhona amathiphu amaningi wokutshala kahle imbewu yezihlahla ze-broccoli emhlabathini ovulekile:

1. Okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukulungisa izinto zokutshala, ukuze zihlume ngokwengeziwe, zithole kancane futhi zinike isivuno esihle. Kunconywa ukuthi ugcwale imbewu yamahora angu-8 usebenzisa isisombululo esiluhlaza se-potassium permanganate (1 g ngalinye 1 l). Noma kunjalo kungenzeka ukuthi ugcwale imbewu engakapheli usuku ngesisombululo sokhuni lomuthi (1 into i-spoon ku-1 l). Ngemuva kwalokho, hlambulula bese uyomisa.
2. Dweba imigodi 0.5x0.5 m ngobukhulu bese ulahla imbewu enhlabathini ngo 1.5 cm. Emva kwalokho, qiniseka ukuthi uthele kahle. Kunconywa ukumboza phezulu nefilimu ukudala izimo zokushisa futhi uvikele ezihlakalweni. Ngemva kwesonto, amahlumela okuqala azovela, futhi uma eqina ungasusa isiphephelo. Qinisekisa ukuthi uhlanza amasimu, ushiya kuphela izibonelo eziqine kakhulu. I-Broccoli izovuleka ngo-Agasti noSepthemba.

Indlela yokutshala i-broccoli emhlabathini ovulekile ngezithombo?

Abantu abaningi bakhetha ukutshala isitshalo ngezinhlamvu ezilungiselelwe ngaphambilini. Le ndlela yokufika ibhekwa njengokwethenjelwa kakhulu, futhi ibheka izincomo ezilandelayo:

1. Ukutshala iklabishi izitshalo ze-broccoli emhlabathini ovulekile, kubalulekile ukulungiselela imbewu kuqala ekhaya usebenzisa izibonelo ezinkulu nezinempilo. Kulezi zimbiza, faka ungqimba lwamanzi bese uwagcwalisa ngenhlabathi engathathi hlangothi. Imigwaqo kufanele ibe yi-1.5 cm ejulile, imisele futhi ihlwanyele imbewu ukuze ibe ngu-15 cm phakathi kwabo. Gcwalisa umhlabathi bese ubeka iziqukathi endaweni epholile lapho izinga lokushisa lizoqala khona libe ngu-16 ° C bese ku-8 ° C. Gwema ukukhanya kwelanga. Emva kokuvela kwamaqabunga amancane amahlanu (ezimweni eziningi sekuyizinsuku ezingama-35 emva kokutshala), ungadlulisela izithombo emhlabathini ovulekile.
2. Ukujula kwezimbobo kufanele kube ngu-20-25 cm nobubanzi buka 3-4 cm. Ngaphezulu kwengxenye yesitshalo kufanele ibe ngaphansi kwezinga lomhlabathi. Khulupha amanzi emithonjeni bese wenza ukugqoka kokuqala phezulu.

Uhlelo lokutshala u-broccoli emhlabathini ovulekile

Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ngokushesha, kubalulekile ukutshala izithombo kanye nembewu efanele. Uhlelo lokutshala i-broccoli emhlabathini ovulekile lubonisa ukuthi kufanele kube khona ibanga lika-0.5m phakathi kwemibhede. Phakathi kwamahlathi asemgqeni, shiya u-40x60 cm noma u-30x70 cm. Uma usebenzisa indlela ye-tape emibili, cabanga ibanga 30x (90 + 50 ), niyabo

Izinsuku zokutshala i-broccoli emhlabathini ovulekile

Ukuze isitshalo siqale, kubalulekile ukuyihlwanyela kahle. Ukuze uthole izithombo, ukuhlwanyela kwale ndaba kufanele kwenzeke engxenyeni yesibili ka-Mashi. Uma unesithakazelo ekutshaleni i-broccoli emhlabathini ovulekile ngembewu, khumbula ukuthi isikhathi esihle sifike ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi futhi siqhubeka kuze kufike ngoJuni. Kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo, izithombo, ezinamagatsha angu-5-7, zitshalwe kanje:

1. Uma izinhlobonhlobo zisencane, isikhathi esifanele sisukela ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli kuya ekuqaleni kwenyanga ezayo.
2. Amabanga okuvuthwa okuphakathi aphakanyiswa ukuba atshalwe esikhathini esivela engxenyeni yesibili kaMeyi ekuqaleni kukaJuni.
3. Uma uhlwanyela izinhlobo zokuphumula, khetha isikhathi kusukela ekupheleni kukaJulayi kuya ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti.

Indlela yokutshala i-broccoli ensimini evulekile?

Ukunakekela isiko semifino esinikeziwe silula futhi kufaka phakathi izinqubo ezijwayelekile zamasimu. Ukuphuza njalo, ukufaka umanyolo, ukufaka umquba, ukukhuphuka nokukhuphula kubalulekile ekukhuleni okufanele.

1. Izimfihlo zokukhula kwe-broccoli zibonisa ukuthi izitshalo ezincane zidinga ukuhlanganiswa, ukuze kutholakale umswakama, kuvimbele ukubukeka kokhula nokushisa kwesistimu.
2. Ngemuva kokunisela, kufanele ukhulule inhlabathi ukuyigcwalisa nge-oxygen.
3. Abalimi abaningi basebenzisa intaba ehlathini ukuze baqhube ukwakhiwa kwezimpande ze-lateral.
4. Qaphela ukuthi emva kokusika ikhanda eliphakathi ngenkathi ukhula kahle i-broccoli emhlabathini ovulekile, uhlangothi lukhula ngokushesha, ngakho ungadonsi isihlahla, njengoba ungakwazi ukuvuna isivuno esengeziwe.

Imbali ye-broccoli evulekile kanjani?

Uma iklabishi iphezulu, khona-ke ikhanda livela ezimbali eziphuzi, selivele lingakulungele ukudla. Ukuqonda indlela yokutshala i-broccoli ngaphandle, udinga ukucacisa ukuthi kungabangela ukuvela ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngaphambi kwezimbali:

1. Kubalulekile ukuba ungadli isikhathi sokutshala isiko semifino, ngoba izinga lokushisa lomoya libaluleke kakhulu lapho likhula. Uma ziphakama ngaphezu kwe-25 ° C, i-broccoli izoba nombala.
2. Kungcono ukukhetha izinhlobo zakuqala, ngoba izinga lezitshalo lithinteka kakhulu.
3. Uma izinhloko zikhona izimbali, ukukhula kwe-broccoli kuhilela ukukhipha umbala nokukhulula inhlabathi. Khona-ke ithuba lokuthi amakhanda ohlangothini azokhula kakhulu.

Lapho iklabishi ye-pritenyat i-broccoli emhlabathini ovulekile?

Ilanga elishisayo ehlobo lingalimaza isitshalo futhi libhebhethekise isivuno se-broccoli, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuthi kufake inqubo eyodwa yokugunyazwa - indawo yokukhosela yamakhanda. Lapho izinhloko ziqala ukuvuthwa, zidinga ukuthunjwa, zivale elangeni elishisayo. Sebenzisa le njongo uthathe amaqabunga amahlumela. Uma i-broccoli ikhulile ngaphandle ngaphandle kwalendlela, khona-ke amakhanda azoba amancane futhi aphelelwe amandla.

I-broccoli ekhula ezweni - izici zokuchelela

Ezimweni eziningi, ukuchelela umhlabathi kanye ngesonto, kodwa uma izinga lokushisa lomoya liphakama ngaphezu kwama-25 ° C, izihlahla zifuna ukufudumala okuvamile. Ukunakekela i-broccoli iklabishi emhlabathini ovulekile kuqukethe ukuchelela okunamnandi, kodwa amanzi akufanele aqhume, kungenjalo ukubola kwezimpande kungenzeka. Esikhathini sezulu esishisayo kunconywa ukuba ufake isitshalo kusihlwa.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-broccoli ensimini evulekile

Ngesimo sesitshalo kulula ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi izinto ezinganele, ngakho uma amaqabunga aphansi ephuzi futhi ukukhula kuphuza, khona-ke kukhona ukuntuleka kwe-nitrogen. Uma kukhona i-potassium encane, amaqabunga abe obomvu, futhi emaphethelweni awo asomile. Ama-fertilizer isiko semifino esinikeziwe siphenduka ngokuphelele, futhi usebenzise ukugqoka okuphezulu kwezinye izigaba.

1. Okokuqala, kufanelekile ukuthola ukuthi yini yokutshala iklabishi ye-broccoli emhlabathini ovulekile ngokushesha ngemva kokutshala, ngakho-ke ngalesi sikhathi ukumnika kwe- mullein , kunikezwe isilinganiso samanzi 1:10.
2. Ngesikhathi esilandelayo, umanyolo ulethwa cishe amasonto amabili emva kwenqubo yokuqala. Hlukanisa i-slurry ngamanzi, ucabangela isilinganiso se-1: 4. Umanyolo uthele ngaphansi kwempande.
3. I-broccoli ekhulayo ensimini ihlanganisa ukugqoka okuphezulu kwesithathu futhi yenziwa uma kwenziwa ama-inflorescences. Ukuze wenze isisombululo, hlanganisa i-tbsp engu-1. nezinkezo ze-superphosphate nama-5 amalitha amanzi. Umthamo owethulwe ukwanele izitshalo eziyi-10.
4. Ukudla kokugcina kwenziwa ngemuva kokunqunywa ikhanda ukwenza amahlumela aso. Sebenzisa umanyolo obunzima.

Ngesikhathi ukusika u-broccoli ngaphandle?

Ukuvuna kungaqoqwa emva kwezinyanga ezingu-3-4. emva kokuhlwanyela imbewu. Konke kuxhomeke ezihlukahlukene kanye nendawo yokulima. Ngesikhathi sehlobo, ungakwazi ukuqoqa isivuno esingaphezu kwesisodwa, ngoba ngemuva kokusika ikhanda eliphakathi, amahlumela aso akhiwe. Imithetho yokutshala i-broccoli ibonisa ukuthi kungcono ukudubula amakhanda ekuseni, lapho kunomsola omkhulu. Qaphela ukuthi akudingeki ulinde isikhathi lapho ikhanda lithola isisindo esikhulu, ngoba ngenkathi kuluhlaza, kuyamnandi ngokwengeziwe. Isitshalo sokuqala kufanele sigcinwe cishe ngesonto esiqandisini, futhi okulandelayo kufanelekile ukulondolozwa isikhathi eside.

I-broccoli ekhulayo evulekile - isifo

Ukunakekelwa kwesiko semifino ngezinye izikhathi kuyinkimbinkimbi ngokubonakala kwezifo ezithile, ukuze kususwe izinqubo ezikhethekile. I-broccoli ekhulayo emhlabathini ovulekile ingahambisana nezinkinga ezinjalo:

1. Umlenze omnyama. Ngokuvamile kuthinta izithombo, kunciphisa izintambo zezithombo, okuholela ekunciphiseni nasekuthungeni kwe-stem. Izitshalo ezigulayo ziyasuswa, kanti inhlabathi ithululelwa ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate, besebenzisa u-3-4 g ngamalitha ayishumi amanzi. Ngemuva kwalokhu, izithombo azihambisani nesonto.
2. UBel. Uma ukunakekelwa kwe-broccoli emhlabathini ovulekile akukwenziwa ngokwemithetho, khona-ke kukhona ukuhlaselwa okufana nokupenda kweoli. Izihlahla ezibuhlungu kufanele zisuswe, kanti izitshalo ezisele ziphathwa ngamalungiselelo enethusi.
3. Ukubola okumhlophe. Lesi sifo sibonakala ngezindlela ezehlukene, isibonelo, kungenzeka kube ne-spiderweb nokubola kwesitshalo. Ukubhekana nayo, phatha i-broccoli ngemithi equkethe ithusi.
4. I-bacteriosis ye-Vascular. Lesi sifo sinqunywa emaphethelweni okuphuza amaqabunga, okungafihli isikhathi. Izihlahla kufanele ziphathwe nomuthi "Planrys" noma "Trichodermin"

Izinambuzane ze-Broccoli emhlabathini ovulekile

Ukuze kuvikelwe isiko semifino esethuliwe ekuhlaselweni kwezinambuzane, kunconywa ukuba kwenziwe ukwelashwa nge-infusion kusuka ezinhlobonhlobo kanye namahlamvu utamatisi noma amazambane njengokuvimbela. Uma ungacabangi izici ezikhethekile zokukhula kwe-broccoli, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuhlasela izinambuzane ezinjalo:

1. Iklabishi fly. Kusukela ngesikhathi sokutshala, kubalulekile ukuhlola isitshalo ukuze kubonakale amaqanda aphaphazelayo, futhi uma kutholakala, kuyadingeka ukuba uwathathe ngomhlabathi kusuka esitsheni uphinde uthele emhlabathini omusha, ukhuphuka phezulu. Ukuze ungahlaseli izimpukane zeklabishi, ufafaze inhlabathi emhlabathini ozungeza ufulawa ogwayi.
2. Iklabishi i-aphid. Uma ukhula i-broccoli ensimini, ukubonakala kwalesi sifo kungase kwenzeke, ukulwa okudingekayo ukukhipha ngesandla ama-aphid.
3. Ama-Whitecaps. Izinambuzane zibeka amaqanda phansi kweqabunga leklabishi, okumelwe lisuswe ngesandla. Ukwethusa ama-butterflies, kunconywa ukukhubeka ngezikhonkwane, okumele kube ngaphezu kweklabishi, igobolondo elingenalutho.