Ngokuqinisekile uyazi inkulumo ethi "umlando uyahamba". Lesi sitatimende sisekelwe emthethweni wokunganaki okuphindwe kabili, okwakhiwe kabusha esikhathini esidala. Yiqiniso, lokhu kusebenza kuphela kwi-logic, izazi zefilosofi zaqala ukusebenzisa umqondo wokulahlwa kabili ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke wayenesithakazelo kuHegel. Zonke ezinye izazi zefilosofi, kwakuwukucabanga kwakhe okwakusetshenziswa njengesisekelo. Isibonelo, uMarx wavumelana nomqondo oyisisekelo, kodwa ukholelwa ukuthi uHegel ubheke inkinga ezweni elihle, kuyilapho siphila emhlabeni jikelele. Ngakho-ke, ekwenzeni inkolelo yakhe, uMarx wasebenzelana nokukhululwa kwefilosofi kaHegel ekungenikeni kweminye futhi kwezinye, kusukela ekuboneni kwakhe, izahlulelo ezingalungile.
Umthetho wokunganaki kabili ku-logic
Ukukhulunywa kokuqala kwalo mthetho kuhlotshaniswa namagama kaGorgias noZeno ka-Epeus, ababeyizifilosofi zasendulo zamaGreki. Babekholelwa ukuthi uma ukunganaki kwanoma yikuphi isitatimende kubangela ukungqubuzana, khona-ke lesi simemezelo siyiqiniso. Ngakho-ke, lo mthetho onengqondo uvumela ukuthi ungacabangi ukunganaki kabili. Izibonelo zomthetho wokuphika ukunganaki engxoxweni zingaphenduka njengamazwi athi "Angikwazi ukusho ukuthi", "ukungabi nethemba okwanele", "akukho ukusweleka", "Angitholi okungalungile", njll. Lezi zinkulumo zibukeka zikhuni, ngakho-ke ziyasetshenziswa ngokuxhumana ngokusemthethweni. Kodwa ngomkhuba, umsebenzi womthetho ubonakala ngokwengeziwe, isibonelo, izindaba ze-detective, ezithandwa abaningi, zingaba yisibonelo. Abaphenyi benza kanjani esimweni lapho kungekho khona ubufakazi bokuthi unecala lomsolwa? Bathi akukho bufakazi bokuthi unecala lakhe. Ngakho ukunganaki kabili kusiza ukuxazulula izinkinga eziningi ezinengqondo, kodwa kufanelekile ukuwela umzila walesi sayensi, lapho konke okusemthethweni kunengqondo, njengokusebenza okusebenzayo kufinyelela ngemuva.
Umthetho wokungabikho kokungaboni kahle ngefilosofi
Ukungahloniphi kwe-Hegel kusho ukugcwaliseka kokuphikisana kwangaphakathi, okwakhiwa ngenqubo yanoma yikuphi ukuthuthukiswa, okuyinto ukuhamba okuvela kubhalisi kuya kokhonkolo. Ukungqubuzana okwakhulayo kusiza umqondo ongabonakali ukuba uhambe ngaphesheya, ngalesosikhathi ukuhlukunyezwa kokuqala kwenzeka. Ngemuva kwalokho, lo mqondo ubuya, njengokungathi ekuqaleni, kodwa usuvele ucebile kakhulu, okungukuthi, isikhathi sokunganaki kwesibili kufika. Umqondo obuyela emuva, okhonkolo uqukethe isikhundla sokuqala nomzuzwana osusiwe, omuhle ohlukile. U-Hegel wayekholelwa ukuthi lo mqondo uqala ngokuhamba ngebhayisikili, futhi uLenin wabonisa ngokucacile ngendlela yokuvunguza, ebonisa ukubuyiselwa komqondo endaweni yokuqala, kodwa kakade ezingeni eliphakeme. Isibonelo ngumqondo womndeni: ebuntwaneni sibona ukuthi yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yokuphila, lapho iminyaka yobudala ifika isikhathi sokungabaza, kamuva sibuyela ezinkolelweni zethu zobuntwana, kodwa manje zisekelwa ngokuhlangenwe nakho nokuhlangenwe nakho okutholiwe ngesikhathi sokuphikisana.
Kodwa umthetho wokuphika ukunganaki wabonakala kufilosofi ngenxa kaMarx, owayevuselela u-Hegel's dialectic. Ngokusekelwe kwemisebenzi kaHegel, uMarx wakha imithetho emithathu, kodwa kwakungukubusa kokunganaki okuphindwe kabili, okubukeziwe ekubukeni kokuthanda izinto ezibonakalayo, okubangelwa ukuphikisana okukhulu. Abanye abalandeli befilosofi yamaMarxist bakholelwa ukuthi lo mthetho ungasebenza kuphela ekucabangeni, inqubo yokuthola amafomu ekhonkolo. Njengoba umbono wokuthi iqiniso lihambisana nalolu mthetho liphakamisa imibuzo eminingi. Ukubusa kokulahlwa kabili kuyoba okusebenzayo ekuthuthukiseni izenzakalo , okuyizinto ezibonakalayo ezenzakalweni , hhayi emvelo. Ngakho-ke, umbuzo womthetho wokunqaba ukungabi namacala usuvulekile futhi unentshisekelo kubacwaningi.