Umuntu anganeliseka ngento encane - ukulandelwa kwabantu abashumayela i-minimalism ngokuphambene nokuthengwa kwempahla okuye kwaphazamisa umhlaba wanamuhla. Ukucwaswa kukhuthazwa ezinkolweni ezahlukene futhi kaningi kuyindlela eqinile: ukuzihlukumeza. Kunzima ngomuntu ovamile ukuthi ahambe ngale ndlela, kodwa kunezinhlekelele ezingathí sina, umphumela wawo ohlaba umxhwele.
Kuyini ukuhlukunyezwa?
Ukuzikhethela yindlela yokuphila komuntu oye waqala indlela yokuzazi yena kanye nomhlaba wonke, futhi ithuluzi le-ascetics lizibophezelo ngokuzikhandla ngenhloso yokuzifundisa izimfanelo ezifunayo kanye nendlela esondelene ngayo nenqubo kaNkulunkulu. Umuntu ohluphayo ngokuzithandela uyazishiya isabelo esibalulekile somcebo wezinto ezibonakalayo futhi ahlakulele ukucabanga okukhathazayo kuye.
I-Asceticism iqukethe izingxenye ezimbili:
- Ukwehliswa kwemvelo ukulahla izimpahla zanamuhla zempucuko kanye nezidingo zokufakelwa ezenziwe ngumphakathi.
- Ukuzikhethela ngokomoya ukuvimbela noma ukunqatshwa ngokuphelele kwenjabulo yenyama, ukudala umndeni. Ukuzindla kuNkulunkulu, ukufunda izincwadi ezingokomoya. Ezingeni elijulile, ukulahlwa komphakathi bese ubuyela emazindlini, amasonto.
I-Asceticism e-Philosophy
I-Greece yaseMandulo yayidume ngezimbali zayo ezihlukahlukene zefilosofi nezikole, okuyiwona wonke umhlaba owawugxila kuwo. Ama-Cynics iyisikole samafilosofi ngezikhathi zikaSocrates, eshumayela ngendlela ekhethekile yokuphila, ehlanganisa ukulahla izinzuzo ezinikezwa umphakathi. Ummeleli okhanyayo wabazingelayo uDiogenes Sinopsky waduka futhi wancenga. Esinye isikole samaGreece - amaStoyikhi, asungulwe nguZeno waseChina, enqaba indlela yokungahambisani nabantu. Ukuzikhethela kwefilosofi kuwumkhuba owenziwe ngaphansi kwethonya lamafilosofi aseStoiki (uSeneca, uMarcus Aurelius), osekelwe kulo:
- ukukhululwa emthethweni wezwe langaphandle ngokusebenzisa ubuhle nokuzwanela;
- amandla omoya phezu kwemvelo yenyama;
- ama-aesthetics aphakeme ezenzweni nasemicabangweni;
- ukuphila ngokuvumelana nemvelo kanye ne-Universal cosmic Mind;
- ukungabi naluvivinyo.
Ama-ascetics e-Orthodoxy
Ukuzikhethela ebuKristwini kuhlangene noKristu, isithombe esenziwa yi-Orthodox ascetic emphefumulweni futhi sithembele kuye ezindabeni zansuku zonke, egcwalisa ngencazelo yaphezulu. Ngosizo lwemithandazo, u-Ascetic uhambisana noNkulunkulu futhi unikezela zonke izindlela zakhe kuNkulunkulu ekunqobeni izilingo nezinkanuko. Phakathi nonyaka, i-Orthodox ascetic ibona konke ukudla, ukuthandaza, ukuxhumana nokuvuma. Ukufunda impilo yabangcwele kuqinisa umKristu ngezinhloso zakhe.
Abangcwele abangamaKristu abahola impilo yokuzidla (ukucabangela):
- UJohane uMbhapathizi;
- Onuphrius Omkhulu;
- USeraphim waseSarov;
- USergey Radonezhsky;
- Pavel Obnorsky;
- I-Tikhon yaseKaluga.
Ubungqingili eBuddhism
Ngenkathi uNkosana Gautama Siddhartha ephenduka iminyaka engu-29, wafaka izinwele zakhe, wagqoka izingubo ezithobekile ze-monk futhi washiya isigodlo sabazali bakhe ukuba asho impilo yokunethezeka. Ngakho uGautama waba ngumhloli okhanyisiwe - uBuddha. Kwaphela iminyaka engu-6, uBuddha wayehlala njengomuntu ohlukumezayo: wahlambalaza inyama yakhe ngezinhlekelele ezinzima futhi ngelinye ilanga wafa ngenxa yokukhathala, ngesikhathi engafiki eduze kweqiniso okwesikhashana. UBuddha waqaphela ukuthi ukuzithokozisa kwenyama kwakungumsebenzi ongenamsebenzi wokukhanyisa futhi waqala ukuzindla nokuzindla. KubuBuddha, lezi zinhlekelele ezilandelayo zijwayelekile, eziholela eNirvana:
- I-Shamatha yiyona ndlela eyinhloko yangaphakathi neyongaphakathi yamaBuddha - ukuhlushwa nokuthula okuphelele kwengqondo nokuqonda.
- Vipasjana - ukulima kolwazi oluphakeme (ukuzindla).
- Ukulinganisela ekudleni yiyona ndlela elandelayo ye-Middle Way ekuxhaseni. Umzimba uqukethe esimweni lapho i-ascetic ingaphazamisi ekugxileni ekuzindleni. EbuBuddha, ubuqili obungokwenyama abubalulekile njengendlela elula yokulawula imicabango.
- I-Practice Sati (ukuqaphela) ukuhlukaniswa kwengqondo komzimba zibe yizingxenye ezingu-32 (izinwele, amazinyo, isikhumba, izipikili, njll.) Kusiza ukuyala imicabango ukuze ungangeni ezinkingeni zomhlaba.
Izinhlobo zokuhlukunyezwa
Indlela yokuphila yokuphila ehilela umsebenzi omkhulu wangaphakathi futhi kufanele wenziwe nsuku zonke kuphela kusuka esimweni esibusisiwe. Izinkathazo ezenziwa ngentukuthelo, inzondo nokuziqhenya azihlangene nhlobo ngokomoya. I-Asceticism ihlukaniswe ngokuyinhloko ibe yizilwane ezihlobene kakhulu:
- Ukuziqhenya kolwimi kubaluleke kakhulu ekukhulumeni. Amazwi amanga, ukuhleka akuvumelekile ekuhlaleni. Amaqiniso nokukhuluma ngomusa kudala isiphetho esihle kumuntu nabathandekayo bakhe.
- Ukuziqhenya komzimba ukugqoka impahla elula, yempahla yokugqoka, ukugcina ukulinganisela kokudla, ukuhlonishwa, ukuhlonishwa kwabazali kanye nokudala.
- Ukukhathazeka kwengqondo - ukuhlanzeka nokulawulwa kwemicabango kunikelwa ngokucophelela. Ukuzithiba kusiza ukulawula imizwa futhi ubaqondise endleleni efanele. Ukwaneliseka kwengqondo kuxhomeke ekudleni okutholiwe futhi kuhlotshaniswa nezinkinga zomzimba. Ukudla okukhanyayo - imicabango emihle, ukudla okunzima - ukwesaba, ukungazi, ukulahlekelwa ukulawulwa kwengqondo.
I-ascetics ihlala kanjani?
Emphakathini wanamuhla u-ascetic ngumuntu oye wanquma ukuhamba ngenqubo yokukhulula ukuze aqede ukuthengwa okungadingekile nokunye okuye kwaphela isikhathi: izinto, ukuxhumana, ukucabanga, indlela endala yokuphila. Yona kanye igama elithi ascetic lisho okuqinile, okuqinile, okuphambene. Kuze kube manje, abantu abaye bakhetha indlela yokuhlukunyezwa baphila ngokunamathela emithethweni:
- Ukwaneliseka kuncane, ngaphandle komqondo wokungahlehliswa okufakwe abathengisi. Amabhuku amahle, izindleko zezindlu zasendlini ezibizayo nakwefenisha.
- Okuncane kwezinto.
- Ukubaluleka okukhulu kunamathele ekuthuthukiseni kwezwe langaphakathi.
- Isimo sengqondo sokucophelela mayelana nemvelo (izikhwama zepulasitiki, amabhodlela awakho embusweni wansuku zonke we-ascetics ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kweplanethi nale mikhiqizo yamafutha).
- Usizo.
Ukuxhaswa - izimbangela
Kungani sidinga ukuhlukunyezwa komuntu wanamuhla? Izindinganiso ezisemqoka zendawo yonke ziye zahlala zingashintshi amakhulu eminyaka: inhlonipho, impilo, ulwazi lwamakhono abo, inkolelo yokuthi "I" akuyona nje umzimba, kodwa futhi into engokomoya. Okushiwo ukuhlukunyezwa komuntu ngamunye kuyingqayizivele futhi kunezincazelo zayo. Izizathu zokuthi umuntu uqala ukuqhuba izinto ezimbi:
- ukulahlekelwa kwempilo, izifo ezingelapheki;
- ulwazi lomuntu "I" lomuntu;
- ukwandisa imingcele yolwazi;
- abesifazane - ukungabi nabantwana, ukungabikho komshado;
- ukufezwa kwamandla amakhulu;
- ukuthuthukisa i-karma ;
- isifiso sokuqinisa umhlaba ngezinduduzo ezinhle (ukungabi naluvalo, umusa).
Ukuzikhethela - izimiso
Kusho ukuthini ukucwaswa? Soloviev (n isazi sefilosofi sekhulu le-XIX.) Esichazwe emisebenzini yakhe "Ukulungiswa Kokuhle," kuyilapho ephawula izimiso eziyinhloko zokuxolisa:
- Ukuhambisa inyama emoyeni yisimo sengqondo esifanele kulokho okungaphansi kukaMoya.
- Uzwela, ukuphazamisa, ukuzithiba, ukwesaba yizinto eziyinhloko zokwehluleka komusa.
- Uthando lukaNkulunkulu (i-Absolute, i-Logos, i-Universe) - ngaphandle kwayo noma iyiphi inselelo ilahlekelwa incazelo.
Ukuzikhethela kuhle
Ukuzikhethela njengendlela yokuphila kwathathwa yisizukulwane sobusha samanje. Abantu abaye baqala indlela yokuzibamba babuzwa imibuzo mayelana nokufaneleka kwezinto zokuzibamba. Ukuziphendulela okunengqondo kuletha izinzuzo ezibonakalayo kumuntu, okuhambisana nalokho okushiwo ukuphikisana. Imiphumela ewusizo yokuxolisa:
- ukuqinisa ukuxhumana nomphefumulo wakho;
- ukuqinisa umoya nokuthanda;
- ukucaca kokucabanga nokuqonda;
- ukuthuthukisa izimfanelo zokuziphatha zomuntu ;
- ukuthuthukiswa kwe-intuition, clairvoyance, ukubonelela phambili;
- ukuqeda izifo;
- ukugcwaliseka kwezifiso zangempela;
- ukuguqulwa kobuntu ngokuphelele.
Ama-ascetics adumile
Umuntu ohluphayo uveza izenzo zakhe nezenzo zakhe, ezibizwa ukuthi zizothuthukisa leli zwe. Ngokuyinhloko, laba ngabantu badlulise ubunzima nezinkinga ezithile endleleni yabo yokuphila, bekwazi amaqiniso angokomoya omhlaba wonke. Ubuntu obudumile bama-ascetics:
- U-Alexander Suvorov ungumlawuli omkhulu waseRussia. Wabekezela ubunzima bokuphila ngethemba. Wayelula ekukhulumisaneni futhi ethandwa amasosha akhe. Ethi: "Inhloko kufanele igcinwe emakhazeni, isisu ilambile, nezinyawo zifudumala" yisibonelo esiyiqiniso sokuhlukunyezwa kukaSvvvvv.
- Umama Teresa uyisununu nomuntu obala owenza usuku lonke ukuboshwa kokukhonza abantu nokuthanda uNkulunkulu.
- UMark Zuckerberg - umsunguli wenethiwekhi ye-Facebook wanelisekile ngezingubo ezilula zabakhiqizi abavamile, kanye nomkakhe abaphila ngendlela encane.
- UJose Cordano - owayengumongameli wase-Uruguay, wadlulisela inkokhelo yakhe enkulu ezisekelweni zokusiza abampofu.
- U-Keanu Reeves - umlingisi ozithandayo wezigidi uhlala endlini encane, uhamba ngezithuthi zomphakathi, ukwamukela nokuzwelana nabantu abavamile. Imali ye-actor iya ekulweni nomdlavuza futhi isize ompofu.
Alexander Suvorov
Umama Theresa
Mark Zuckerberg
UJoseph Cordano
Keanu Reeves