Sonke singamaHomo sapiens, ngakho-ke, sonke sinesimo sengqondo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lokhu kungabonakali kanjani lapho kubhekene namanye ama-homo. Kodwa-ke, ukucabanga ngezokwelapha kunamafomu amaningi anika inqubo yethu yengqondo umbala ngamunye. Ngamunye wethu unezihlobo ezinjalo zokucabanga, ngesikhathi esisodwa, sonke sinethuba lokuthuthukisa lezo zinhlobonhlobo ezingekho ekuqaleni. Ngakho-ke manje sizocabangela izindlela eziyisisekelo zokucabanga nezici zazo.
Ukucabanga okunengqondo
Ukucabanga okunengqondo yinhlobo enenzuzo kakhulu yomsebenzi wengqondo. Uma sikhuluma ngendlela elula, kusho ukucabanga ngezinto eziguqukayo, ngokubaluleka, hhayi konke ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ukucabanga okunengqondo kukuvumela ukuba usebenzise imizamo encane, izinsiza, imizwelo ukuze uzuze imiphumela ezuzisa kakhulu.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zokucabanga okunengqondo yizi:
- ukuhlaziywa;
- i-inference;
- ukufanisa;
- ukuphikisana;
- isahlulelo;
- okukhiphayo.
Ukucabanga Okucatshangelwayo
Ukucabanga okunengqondo kuyindlela engavamile kakhulu yokusebenzisa izinqubo zokucabanga. Izingqondo zethu zivame ukuvame ukucabanga noma ukubhekana nezimo ngosizo lwemikhuba yokucabanga. Ingxenye ebalulekile yokucabanga okunengqondo yimiqondo kanye nolwazi olucacile lwezimiso nemithetho. Lolu hlobo lokucabanga lubaluleke kakhulu kunosayensi eqondile, lapho isivinini singabalulekile, kodwa sinokwethenjelwa.
Izinhlobo eziyisisekelo zokucabanga okunengqondo zimi kanje:
- Ukwenyuka kungukuthi okuvela kumuntu othile kuya ku-jikelele;
- ukunqunywa - isiphetho esivela ku-general kuya ngqo;
- Isifaniso - isiphetho esekelwe ezakhiweni zokufana.
Ngendlela, uSherlock Holmes wasebenzisa ukucabanga okucabangelayo kuphela.
Ukucabanga okungabonakali
Umqondo wokucabanga okungabonakali ungavezwa ngokusebenzisa igama elithi "abstraction". Kusho ukuthatha okuvela ezintweni ezingadingekile zalesi sihloko futhi uhlolisise izici ezibalulekile, zemvelo zalesi sihloko. Ukucabanga okungabonakali kwakha izindawo zezinto.
Amafomu okucabanga okungabonakali afana nalokhu:
- ukukhishwa kwenyama, isibonelo, ukuphazamiseka kusuka kombala wento yokugxila efomeni layo;
- ukukhiqiza ifomu - umphumela walo ukuhlukaniswa kwezakhiwo ezijwayelekile zezinto kanye nezimo;
- ukucabanga - ukufaka izakhiwo zangempela zento, ngokuphazamiseka kokungaphumeleli, uhlelo oluhle;
- ukukhishwa okusemthethweni - ukukhethwa kwezakhiwo zezinto noma izimo ezingekho ngokwabo, isibonelo, ukwehlukaniswa kwefomu nombala wento.