Ubani obandlulula ucansi - imibono ngalolu daba yahlukaniswa phakathi kwengqondo. UZ. Freud uchazwe ngokucacile ngesikhathi sakhe sokungabi namuntu njengobungqingili obuseduze, kodwa hhayi ngaso sonke isikhathi. I-Homophobes nayo ibizwa ngokuthi labo abenqaba ukuqaphela ubungqingili njengesiko socansi.
Kusho ukuthini "ukuzithenga"?
Ukuzithemba - kuyini? Ekuhunyushweni okuvela esiGriki, i-ὁμός ifana, futhi i-φόβος iyesaba. Ukwesaba abantu kuyisimo lapho kuvela khona ukwesaba okungenangqondo kwemiqondo yobungqingili, ukuziphatha, imizwa, abantu abangaboni bendabuko. Ubani obandlululo lokuzicwaba, izibonakaliso:
- Gwema othintana nabantu abanamasiko okungajwayelekile;
- wesaba ukuqaphela ubungqingili bakhe;
- ifuna ukubamba iqhaza ekuboniseni imiphakathi ye-LGBT;
- Ukukhuluma kabi ngongqingili, usebenzisa ulimi olulimazayo;
- ukukholelwa kwenkolo;
- ukuqina nokugunyaza.
Izimbangela zokuzibulala
Ingabe ukuzonda izingane kuyisifo noma cha? Leli gama lifana negama lesi sifo, kodwa akunjalo, futhi ama-homophobes ngokwabo abaqapheli ukuthi isimo sabo ngandlela-thile sidinga ukulungiswa. Izizathu zokuthi kukhona ukucwaswa kwabantu ngabesifazane:
- ubungqingili obuseduze;
- ukungazi;
- ukunamathela ezinkambisweni zomphakathi eziqinile;
- inkolo.
Psychology of homophobia
Izifundo zokuzithemba kwabantu ngosizo lwe-psychoanalysis zisiza ukubona ukuthi kungani umuntu enesimo. Akuzona njalo izazi zengqondo ezingakwazi ukudweba phakathi kwesimo sengqondo esivamile somuntu ongqingili njengento ebonakalayo kanye nokuzithemba kwangempela futhi uma okokuqala kuhlobene nokuziphatha nokuzinza okuqinile komphakathi, ukuhlukumezeka kwabantu njalo kubangelwa ukwesaba okungazelelwe, ukuzonda nokukhathazeka ekutholeni ubungqingili . I-Homophobes yesaba ukuba yi-gay.
I-Homophobia in Psychiatry
Ukwelashwa kwezingane zokuhlala ngokweqile njengempawu yokwelapha akusekho, kanti nakuba ukuzithemba ngokweqile kubhekisela kokwesaba, kungcono kube yinto yezenhlalakahle kanye nokucwasa nokucwaswa kwabantu , ukwesaba okungenangqondo okuvela emehlweni abantu "abangafani nami" futhi kubonakaliswe imizwelo emibi: intukuthelo, ukuzondwa, ukudelelwa, okuhambisana nokuziphatha okuhlukumezayo kokuzibulala kwabantu.
Ukuziqhenya kwabantu emhlabeni wonke
Kuwo wonke umhlaba, ama-homophobes lapho bebona izimpawu zobungqingili abhekana nesimo sengqondo esibi. Ifulegi le-homophobes lifana nefulegi le-rainbow elilodwa lezinsizwa ezincane, kodwa u-rainbow uphumela ngaphandle komugqa omkhulu omnyama embuthanweni. Emazwe omhlaba wamaSulumane, emazweni athile ase-Afrika, ubungqingili bujeziswa ukufa, ngakho-ke amazwe afana ne-Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Yemen, e-Uganda abhekwa njengabantu abanobungqingili kanye nabangqingili kwabangqingili nabangqingili.
I-Homophobia e-US
Usuku lokulwa nokuzibulala kwabantu e-United States, njengamanye amazwe amaningi, luqala ngomzuzu wokuthula ngomuntu oshonile e-AIDS, noma izisulu ezibulewe ezandleni zabantu abangenayo mayelana nabangqingili. I-United States iyizwe elikhuthele, elinamandla elinendlela yokuphila yanamuhla, kepha ngisho nanamuhla kuvinjelwe umshado wobulili obufanayo, uthando, kepha manje ezindaweni eziningi azikho imingcele enjalo, nakuba ama-homophobes aqhubeka nokuphatha amantombazane ngokudangala. Amazwe okukhulunywa ngabo ngokuthi abantu abahlala kuwo:
- I-Nebraska;
- ITexas;
- Buffalo;
- ENew York;
- Louisiana.
I-Homophobia eRussia
Inkinga yokuzinikela kwabantu eRussia ayibhekwa njengenkinga ngayinye, iRussia yizwe elinendlela yokuphila yendabuko yeminyaka eminyaka kanti nanoma yikuphi ukushintsha emikhayeni yomndeni ayamukelekile. Ngomnyaka ka-2013, umthetho udluliselwa ekuvinjeni inkulumo-ze yobungqingili, ngakho-ke inhlangano yezinkolelo zokuzikhukhumeza kanye nezenzo ayivunyelwe, njengemishado phakathi kwabantu abesilisa abafanayo. Izishoshovu ze-LGBT zazama ukuziphatha ngokuzikhukhumeza ngokobulili zihamba eMoscow ngo-2006 naseSt. Petersburg ngonyaka ka-2010, okwakucasula abahlali bendawo, ngokuthungula amatshe, amaqanda namabhodlela esixukwini. Emazweni aseNtshonalanga, iRussia ibizwa ngokuthi i-hotbed of homophobia.
I-Homophobia eYurophu
Usuku Lwezwe Lomhlaba Olubhekene Nokuqothulwa KwamaHlathi lugujwa ngabashisholi be-gay ngo-Meyi 17, ekukhunjweni kokukhipha ohlwini lwezifo zengqondo zobungqingili, njengokuphambene nokujwayelekile. Leli holide libizwa ngokungaqondile ngokuthi "usuku lokuzicwaba kwabantu," zonke izenzo, iminyango noma imibuthano eyenziwa kuze kube yilolu suku kubangele ukuqhuma okubukhali kwama-homophobes angalungile emphakathini. EYurophu, ngenxa yocwaningo lwe-ILGA - inhlangano yokuvikelwa kwamalungelo abantu abancane ngokobulili kwacaca ukuthi izinga lokuhlukumezeka kwabantu lihlala liphakeme:
- Amaphesenti angama-26 wabesilisa abathandana nabesilisa nabesifazane abahlaseli besifazane bahlaselwa futhi bahlaziswa yizinkolelo zesonto;
- Ama-20% wabungqingili kanye no-29% wabesilisa ocansini babebandlululwa lapho beqasha noma bevele behlala emsebenzini.
Indlela yokubhekana nokuhlukumezeka kwabantu?
Indlela yokuqeda ukuzithemba komuntu ngumbuzo obunzima ovela ezingeni likahulumeni nomuntu ngamunye ngamunye. Uma sithatha umzabalazo wemiphakathi ngokuzithemba, khona-ke kuqaliswa ohlelweni ngokuthuthukiswa kokubekezelelana. Umuntu ongashadile, uma ebhekene nokuhlukumezeka kwabantu, kubalulekile ukuqonda izizathu ezenza kube khona ukusabela okungalungile okunjalo kubantu abathandana nabo: akukho ukwamukelwa kobulili babo noma akukho ukuqonda ukuthi bonke abantu bahlukile, futhi uthando lobulili obufanayo lunelungelo lokuba khona.
Izinkanyezi zokuzithemba
Noma yimuphi umphumela wezenhlalakahle uhlukaniswe waba "okwenzelwe" nalabo "abaphikisanayo" nothando lobulili obufanayo, inhlangano yezocansi ezincane kakhulu ivame ukubabangela abantu ukuba babe nokuzonda abantu, kunokuvuma ukuthi wonke umuntu uhlukile. Phakathi kwabantu abadumile abajikelezayo ezindaweni zokudala kukhona nabaningi, nakuba bengamemeza obala ukuthi uyazonda ongqingili, kodwa bakhombise ukungathandi kwabo. Izidumi-ama-homophobes:
- I-Eminem . I-rapper eyaziwa ngokuphindaphindiwe yenzelwa ukukhuluma ngama-gays kanye nabesifazane besifazane kulezi zingoma.
- Mel Gibson . Umdlali we-actor uyaziwa ngokuzinikela kwakhe nangokwenkolo isikhathi eside sokuhlukanisa ubuhlobo bakhe nomfowabo ongumfana, futhi ngenxa yezinkulumo ezihlambalazayo mayelana nobulili abancinci kaningi bafika enkingeni.
- Chris Brown . Isoka langaphambili likaRihanna alithandi ama-gay futhi lisebenzisa igama elithi "gay" njengento yokuthuka.
- Paris Hilton . Ngokuvamile kufinyelela ezimweni ezingathandeki ngenxa yokuthi ebhulogi lakhe ucasula ubungqingili, abanike igama lesidlaliso "izinkabi nabangqingili" lapho ingxoxo yakhe yefoni ibhalwa umshayeli wetekisi abadayisi abathandana nabangqingili abangena emithonjeni yezindaba, inhlangano yomzabalazo wamalungelo obulili- Abambalwa babethi iParis ixolise ngamazwi akhe.
- U-Alec Baldwin . Umdlali we-actor uyaziwa ngamazwi akhe ayezondayo ngokuzonda abantu ngabangosopolitiki abanezimiso ezingezona zendabuko.
Amabhayisikobho mayelana nokuzithemba
I-propaganda yokuzonda abantu emazweni ahlukene yinhlangano yezombangazwe ehleliwe ngenhloso yokwakha noma yokugcina ukungathandabuzi okubukhali kubantu abangenalo yendabuko , ngokuvamile bewela yonke imingcele. Ngamaphi amafilimu ongabona umphumela wokuzibulala kwabantu:
- « Dallas abathengi Club ». Le filimu isekelwe ezenzakalweni zangempela. URon Woodruff, ugesi waseTexas uthanda abesifazane futhi uyathanda ngokungathandeki kwabangqingili. Ngokushesha uRon ungena esibhedlela futhi ukuhlaziywa kwegazi lakhe kubonisa ukuthi uyagula nge-AIDS. URon uphelelwe yithemba, ngoba wayekholelwa ukuthi i-AIDS yisifo kuphela sabantu abathandana nabo, abangane bahlukana naye. URon unquma ukulwa nokufuna izindlela ezingavumelaniyo zokukhulisa impilo, ujwayele i-Rayon transvestite futhi bahlela iqembu labathengi, beletha izidakamizwa ezingavamile, kodwa ezingavunyelwe ukulwa ne-AIDS.
- " Brokeback Mountain ". Indaba yothando phakathi kwama-cowboys amabili avela ezindaweni ezivelele zase-Wyoming, kwenzeka ema-60s. Ikhulu lama-XX, uma ukuxhumana phakathi kwendoda nendoda kungenza ubudlova, ukuzonda abantu emphakathini kunamandla, futhi uthando lobulili obufanayo lubhekwa njengesiphambeko esifanele ukufa.
- "I- Parade ". ESerbia. Abangane ababili bezintandokazi zikaMarco nabakwaRadmilo baphoqeleka ukuba bafihle ubudlelwane babo emphakathini, kanye nama-homophobes amakhulu, kodwa zonke izinkinga zishukumisa uMarco noDadmila ukuba bahlele i-gay parade ezweni, bebona ukuthi lokhu kungaholela ekufeni kwabo.
- " UCarol / uCarol ." ENew York, engama-50. Ikhulu lama-XX., UCarol unakho konke, isikhundla esiphakeme emphakathini, umyeni wakhe, indodakazi, kodwa akajabuli. Ngolunye usuku, uCarol uyangena esitolo efuna isipho indodakazi yakhe futhi ehlangana nomthengisi osemusha uTerez, inhlansi iyaphazamisa phakathi kwabesifazane. Ifilimu ngokuthandana ngokobulili obufanayo, ubandlululo nobudlova bomphakathi.
Amabhuku mayelana nokuzithemba
Umqondo wezifo waseSwitzerland uZ. Freud mayelana nokuziqhenya kwabantu wathi lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sobuqingili obuseduze noma obuseduze: uma umuntu enamandla kakhulu ebona inzondo kubangqingili, kunomthelela wokukhanga kwakhe. Ubani ongumuntu obandlulula abantu futhi kungani abaningi ngokuvamile benganaki ngothando olungenayo i-unisex bangakwazi ukufunda kulezi zincwadi ezilandelayo:
- " Ukuzithemba komuntu wangaphakathi: Ingabe ngiyesaba mina? "UMnu Sabunaeva. Iqiniso eliyaziwa ukuthi umphakathi ubeka imigomo nemigomo yayo, kunzima kubantu abanamasiko angewona bendabuko ukwamukela ukuhluka kwabo. Le ncwadi ihloselwe abantu abazizwa bekhanga ubulili babo, kodwa abazamukeli ngokwabo.
- " Ubuso nemisindo yothando lobulili obufanayo." I-Moonlight ekuseni "I. Kon. Umsebenzi uzoba usizo ekufundeni izazi ze-psychologists, i-sexologists, abazali bezingane ezitholile izimpawu zobungqingili.
- " Ukuthanda Umbala Wasezulwini " I. Kon. Umlobi, isazi sezenhlalo sezwe saseRussia nesazi sefilosofi esaziwayo, waqoqa futhi wahlaziywa ngolwazi lwamabhuku kusukela emlandweni, emithonjeni yamasiko mayelana nobuhlobo bobulili obufanayo, izimbangela zokushushiswa nenzondo yama-sodomite (ukuzithemba kwabantu).
- "I- psychotherapy yama-pink. Isiqondiso sokusebenza nabancane abancane ngokocansi "D. Dominic. Uma umuntu ocabanga ngobungqingili ejwayele ukuhlukumezeka nokucindezeleka, abamele abesilisa abancane ngokobulili banenkinga yokungaqondi kahle, bathole ukucindezelwa komphakathi emazweni amaningi, ngakho-ke kunezinzwa eziningi ze-neurotics. Le ncwadi iyisiqondiso sokusebenza nabantu abanesifiso sokulala nobungqingili.
- " Ubungqingili. Umlando wemvelo »F. Mondimor. Indlela yokuqonda uthando olufanayo lobulili obufanayo, kungani namuhla emphakathini kungekho ukwamukelwa kwalokhu, ngubani ongenamuntu ongenamhlanje futhi uthintana kanjani nokuthambekela kobulili obufanayo. Amaqiniso anentshisekelo kusukela emlandweni wasendulo, biology.