Izakhamuzi eziningi zasehlobo ngokwabo azikwazi ukuthi sekuyisikhathi eside zijwayele i-aquilegia - ummeleli we-butterfly. Iminyaka eminingi ingakhula ngokungafani esizeni, ngokuphindaphinda ngokuphumelela ukuzihlwanyela, kepha umuntu kufanele acabange ngokulima, namkha umbuzo owodwa ka-1000 no-1: Kungenzeka yini ukuthi ummbila we-aquilegia ukhule kusuka emhlanjaneni, lapho uhlwanyela futhi unakekela kanjani?
U-Aquilegia - ukhula kusuka kumbewu
Inselele enkulu ekutshalweni kokhozi noma endaweni yokudoba (eyaziwa ngaphansi kwala magama ngokuthi i-aquilegia phakathi kwabantu) yiyona imbewu ehlumayo kakhulu yokuhluma. Ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbili zokugcina isitoreji, ingxenye eyodwa kuphela yokuhluma kwayo, kanti indaba yokuhlwanyela ngonyaka odlule kufanele ihlungwe ngaphambi kokutshala. Lapho uzalisa i-aquilegia evela emakhaya ekhaya, isigamu sempumelelo sisesimweni esifanele sokuhlwanyela. Kunezinketho ezimbili:
- Ukutshala kwekwindla . Uma kwenzeka ukuthi kukhona izinto ezivuna ukutshala ezitshalweni, kunengqondo ukuzama i-podzimni ukuhlwanyela i-orlika. Lena yindlela elula futhi ekhiqizayo kakhulu yokuzala i-aquilegia yezitshalo ekhula emzalweni, lapho ingahlwanyelwa kakade emva kwezinyanga eziyi-1,5-2 emva kokuvuna, ukuhlwanyela ngqo emhlabathini ovulekile. Okunye ukunakekelwa kohlengikazi kuzohlehliselwa kuze kube entwasahlobo, bese kuphumelela ngempumelelo phezu kweqhwa futhi kuhlume ngempumelelo imbewu emhlabathini.
- Ukutshala izitshalo . Uma utshala ngaphansi kwebusika akunakwenzeka nganoma yiziphi izizathu zokukhetha indlela yokutshala. Kulesi simo, imithi yokuqoqwa kwembewu ayiyona into ebaluleke kakhulu, ngoba ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela kuyodlula ukuklanywa, futhi uma kunesidingo, ukukhishwa.
Ngesikhathi sokutshala i-aquilegia yezithombo?
Imigomo yokutshala i-aquilegia yezimbewu ikhethwa ngokuqhubekayo yokuthi izithombo, ngesikhathi sokungena emhlabathini ovulekile (maphakathi no-May), kumele zikhule ngamandla, zithole amaqabunga angamaqiniso, kodwa zingabe ziningi kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho inqubo yokugcizelela ingozi ihamba nezinkinga. Ngesikhathi sokutshala i-aquilegia lapho ukhula kusuka enzalweni? Isikhathi esihle sokuhlwanyela ama-catchment ngo-March, kodwa umsebenzi wokulungiselela (stratification, scarification) uqala inyanga ngaphambili - ekuqaleni kuka-February-ngasekupheleni kukaJanuwari.
Ukuqiniswa kwembewu ye-aquilegia ekhaya
Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho batusa ukusebenzisa enye yezindlela ezimbili indlela yokuhlunga imbewu ye-aquilegia:
- Ukwehliswa kwamakhaza . Imbewu ehlambulukile ixubene ne-disinfected (i-calcined kuhhavini) isihlabathi esihlanzekile, sikhuliswe futhi sibeke endaweni ebandayo izinsuku ezingu-30. Njengomthombo wokushisa, ungasebenzisa kokubili ibhokisi yemifino esiqandisini nesithwathwa se-snowdrift evamile. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ungakwazi ukumane ugcine i-inoculum ekushiseni kwe-10 ° C ngaso sonke isikhathi kusukela ngesikhathi sokuqoqa.
- Ukwehliswa okufudumele . Imbewu elungiselelwe (igeze futhi ixubene nesihlabathi esimanzi) ithunyelwa inyanga endaweni ethile ngokushisa kwama-35 ° C. Qaphela ukuthi le ndlela ihambelana kahle nembewu ene-embryysi engaphili kahle futhi ayiniki umphumela onjalo omuhle njengokuqhafaza okubandayo.
Ukuhluma imbewu ye-aquilegia ekhaya
Ngesikhathi sokuhluma kwe-aquilegia, kokubili ukushisa ngokweqile kanye namaqhwa abukhali kungabonakalisa ngokufanayo. Izimo ezizwakalayo zokuhluma imbewu yizi: ukukhanya okuhlakazekile, izinga lokushisa ku-+16 ... I-+18 ° C kanye nomswakama olinganiselayo. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, i-substrate ezitshalweni kufanele inikeze inani lomswakama oludingekayo ekuthuthukiseni, kodwa kungabi ngamanzi kakhulu ukuze kungabangeli ukuthuthukiswa kwezinqubo zokubeka izinto.
U-Aquilegia - ukutshala nokunakekelwa
Ngemva kokubhekana nemibuzo efana ne-aquilegia, ekhula embewu, lapho uhlwanyela nokuthi ungalungisa kanjani izinto zokutshala ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, ungaqhubeka ngokuphepha ekutshaleni imisebenzi. Ukuze ukhule aquilegia ngembewu, kubalulekile ukulungiselela izithombo:
- Amathangi okufika ngokujulile . Indawo yokudoba inesimiso sezinsana eside nesesibindi, ngakho-ke kumele kube nendawo yokuthuthukiswa kwayo mahhala ebhokisini lokulinganisa. Ukulimala okuncane emiphakathini uma uguqula emhlabathini ovulekile, kunconywa ukuhlwanyela amahlumela e-aquila ngokushesha ezimbizeni ezihlukene, bese ususa izithombo ezibuthakathaka.
- Inhlabathi enomsoco okhululekile . Lesi sitshalo sizokhululeka kokubili emhlabathini wenzalo nasemihlabathini yomkhiqizo wokukhiqizwa kwekhaya: amasheya alinganayo ama-sod, umhlabathi, ama-humus nesihlabathi.
Indlela yokutshala i-aquilega izithombo ekhaya?
Inqubo yokuhlwanyela imbewu ye-aquilegia yezithombo ngeke ibangele ubunzima ngisho nangomcibisholo obalalayo:
- Imbewu elungiselelwe ixubene nesihlabathi kanye / noma iqhwa futhi isatshalaliswe ngokucophelela phezu komhlaba wangaphambi kokumanzi.
- Izitshalo zifafazwe ngendwangu encane yomxube wenhlabathi noma zicindezelwe kancane lapho zihanjiswa. Ungazijuliseli, kungaba nzima ukwenza inqubo elula kakade yokuhluma.
- Hlela i-mini-greenhouse: isitsha esinezitshalo sigcwele ingilazi noma i-polyethylene futhi ifakwe endaweni epholile futhi elelekile. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ilanga eliqondile le-aquilegia liphikisana - ukukhanya kumele kuhlakazeke. Ngokushesha nje lapho amahlumela okuqala esembozo ekhishwa emhlabathini, kungenzeka ukuthi asuse.
- Ukunisela kuqhutshwa ngesibhamu sophethiloli njengoba inhlabathi ikhala, ezama ukungahlanza isendlalelo sayo esiphezulu. Umbuso onjalo wokuphuza kufanele ugcinwe kuze kube yilapho izithombo zitshalwe endaweni evulekile. Ukwehla kwamanzi ebhokisini lokutshala kungabangela ekuthuthukiseni umlenze omnyama ongabulala zonke izitshalo ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu.
Kuze kube nini imbewu ye-aquilegia ivela?
Njengoba kunikezwe ubunzima bokuhluma, umbuzo wukuthi umthamo we-aquilegia ungomunye wabaluleke kakhulu. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezingcono (izinga lokushisa elilinganiselwa ku-+16 ... i-+18 ° С, umswakama olinganiselayo, ukukhanyisa ukukhanya) le nqubo ithatha izinsuku ezingaba ngu-15-20. Ukuntuleka kwesilinganiso esidingekayo somswakama kanye nokushisa okuphansi kungagcizelela ezinye izinsuku ezingu-7-10.
Iziqu ze-aquilegia
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kunesidingo sokunciphisa izitshalo ezinzima zendawo yokudoba, ukulungisa izithombo ngamabhodlela ahlukene. Ngesikhathi sokudlula amanzi? Kungcono ukwenza lokhu esigabeni samaqabunga amabili, lapho kungenjalo uhlelo oluyisisekelo lwensimu namanje aluyona umonakalo omkhulu kakhulu. Ekucubunguleni, kunengqondo ukutshala i-aquilegia kwi-peat noma emaphepheni ephepha, ukuze kanye nabo bese utshala izithombo engadini. Ngakho izimpande zezithombo ziyohlupheka kakhulu, noma ngaphezulu kuzoba ukusinda kwabo emhlabathini ovulekile.