Abesifazane abaningi babelwa ukutadisha uketshezi olubizwa ngokuthi i-coagulogram. Kuyasiza udokotela wokuphatha ukuze anqume isimo se-hemostasis, ukuze abone ukuthi kune-hyper- noma hypocoagulation. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli ngokwabo ziba lula ukuqonda izimpawu ezehlukene uma zikwazi ukuthi luhlobo luni lokuhlaziywa i-coagulogram, ukuthi yini ehloswe ngayo, nokuthi uyayichaza kahle kanjani.
Yini ehlanganisiwe ekuhlaziyweni kwe-coagulogram?
I-Hemostasis iyisistimu ebangela ukuvumelana okuvamile kwegazi, kanye nekhono layo lokuvala. Noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka kuholela ekwakheni i-thrombi, ejwayelekile emithanjeni ye-varicose, i-pathologies ye-cardiovascular, izifo ze-autoimmune nezifo ze- hepatological, noma ukwehla kwesibalo semvelo yamanzi (i-haemophilia, ukuphuma kwegazi ngenxa yemonakalo emincane ye-vascular).
Ngakho-ke, i-coagulogram ihluke ekuhlolweni kwegazi jikelele kanye nokwenyama kwegazi ngokusho kwezinkomba. Ifaka ku-version base:
- I-PTI (inkomba ye-prothrombin), i-PTV (isikhathi se-prothrombin) noma i-INR (i-standard normalized ratio). Ukuhlolwa kokugcina kubhekwa njengokwakufundiswa kakhulu futhi kwendawo yonke. Lezi zinkomba zikuvumela ukuthi ubale isikhathi sokuthi i-clot yegazi ifake engosini yokulimala.
- I-Fibrinogen iyiprotheni enesibopho sokubukeka kwe-thrombi njengesigaba sokugcina se-coagulation ye-fluid yemvelo futhi iguqulwa ibe yi-fibrin.
- Isikhathi se-Thrombin. Imibukiso, yiphi isikhathi esivela ku-fibrinogen ekhiqizwa i-fibrin.
- I-APTTV (isikhathi esicushiwe sesikhathi se-thromboplastin). Inkomba ikuvumela ukuthi urekhode isikhathi sokwakheka kwegazi.
Imininingwane eyengeziwe ye-coagulogram itholakala ekuhlolweni kwegazi ngalezi zimingcele:
- i-plasma ukubekezelela i-heparin;
- amaprotheni C;
- D-dimer;
- isikhathi sokuvuselelwa kwe-plasma (i-GRP), i-parameter esebenzayo (AVRP) iphindwe futhi;
- i-antithrombin;
- I-RFMK (i-fibrin monomer complexes complexes);
- lupus anticoagulant.
Lezi zinkomba ezengeziwe ziyadingeka ukuthola ukuxilongwa okunembile uma kwenzeka usolwa ngesifo esithile, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi ukhulelwe.
Ukulungiselela ukuhlaziywa kwe-coagulogram
Imfuno kuphela yesiguli ngaphambi kokuqhuba isifundo ukwenqaba ukudla amahora angu-8 ngaphambi kokuba kuqoqwe uketshezi oluphilayo. Kunconywa ukunikela ngegazi ekuseni, kodwa lokhu akuwona umthetho oqinile.
Ingakanani i-coagulogram ehlaziywe?
Isikhathi esidingekayo sokubala izinkomba zokulinganisela zesifundo nguku-1 usuku lokusebenza. Kungadlulela isikhathi esinqunyiwe, kuye ngokuthi imishini efakwe ebhokisithriyathi, kanye nesidingo sokuthutha impahla (engekho kwezinsuku ezingu-3-4).
Izindlela zokuhlaziywa kwe-coagulogram
Ukucaciswa kocwaningo kufaka ukuqhathanisa nemingcele etholakalayo ngamanani okubhekisela.
Yilezi:
- Ku-PTI - kusuka ku-80 ukuya ku-120%. Uma lokhu kudlulile, ukutholakala kwe- vitamin K kunokwenzeka emzimbeni, futhi ikhono elincishisiwe legazi lokugqoka liyatholakala. Uma i-RTI ingaphansi kwesimiso, lokhu kungabonisa isimo se-hypercoagulable.
- I-PTV ne-INR - kusuka ku-78 kuya ku-142%. Ukuphambuka kule migomo kufana neye-PTI.
- I-fibrinogen - kusuka ku-2 kuya ku-4 g / l (kubesifazane abakhulelwe inganyuka ibe ngu-6 g / l). Ukwanda kwenani lezinto ezikhombisa ukuthambekela kwe-thrombosis, nokunciphisa inani le-DIC syndrome noma i-pathologies yesibindi.
- Ngesikhathi se-thrombin - kusuka kumasekhondi angu-11 kuya ku-178. Ukuphambuka kwepharamitha kusuka kujwayelekile kuvumelana ngokuqondile nesibonakaliso sangaphambilini kanye nokuhlushwa kwayo.
- I-APTTV - kusuka kumasekhondi angu-24 kuya kwangu-35. Uma isikhathi singaphansi, lokhu kubonisa isimo se-hypercoagulable. Ngokunyuka kwe-hemophilia engenzeka, i-DVS-syndrome 2 noma ama-3 degrees.