I-prolactin ingenye ye-hormone ebaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wesifazane. Eqinisweni, kulokho okuhlushwa okukhulunywa ngakho, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi okuqukethwe kwakho kuhambisana nezindlela ezijwayelekile, izinqubo eziningi zomzimba zithembele. Ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe, yini enesibopho se-prolactin, evamile kulabo besifazane ngokweminyaka (ithebula), okuboniswa ukuphambuka okuvamile.
Iyini i-prolactin ephethe?
Le hormone, eyomndeni wamaprotheni anjenge-prolactin, ikhiqizwa ubuchopho - endaweni yangaphandle ye-pituitary gland. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okuyingxenye ekuhlanganyeleni kwayo kwahileleka ezinye izitho: izilonda ezincelisayo, i-placenta, isimiso sezinzwa, isistimu yomzimba. Egazini legazi, i-prolactin ijikeleza ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, ihluke ngesisindo samangqamuzana. Amaphesenti amakhulu ngenxa yenani leprolactin elinesisindo esincane semisipha, esisebenza kakhulu.
Imisebenzi yemvelo ye-prolactin ibalwa ngamakhulu ezinqubo ezahlukene nezenzo ezahlukene. Ake sibhale imisebenzi yayo esemqoka emzimbeni wesifazane:
- ukwakheka kwezici zobunikazi zesibili ekukhuleni;
- ukulawulwa kokukhiqizwa ubisi ngamagundane omzimba emva kokubeletha;
- ukuvimbela ukukhulelwe ngesikhathi sokulahlwa;
- kunciphisa ukuzwela kobuhlungu;
- ukusekela ukusebenza komzimba ophuzi okhiqiza i-progesterone;
- ukugqugquzela ukuvuthwa kwe-follicle ne-ovulation;
- ukulawulwa kwemali yamanzi-electrolyte;
- ukujwayeleka kwezinqubo zokuqubuzana;
- ukucebisa amathambo amathambo nge-calcium;
- ukuvuselela ukukhula kwemithambo yegazi entsha;
- ukwakheka kwesimiso somama;
- ukuthuthukiswa kobulili, njll.
Ukuhlaziywa kweprolactin
Esikhathini sokuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile le hormone ayitholakali, abantu abaningi banombuzo lapho kufanele bathathe iPlactin. Ngokuvamile, isiqondiso esicwaningweni esinjalo sinikezwa umjozi wezinkinga zokubeletha-we-endocrinologist phambi kwezikhalazo, ezingase zihlotshaniswe nokuphulwa kokubambisana kwezinto eziphilayo ezisebenzayo ezicatshangelwayo. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile igazi linikezwa i-prolactin uma kwenzeka umjikelezo, ukukhishwa okungajwayelekile emanzini, ukungabikho kokukhulelwa isikhathi eside, ukukhula kwezinwele ebusweni, izinkinga zesikhumba, njll.
Ukuze uthole umphumela onokwethenjelwa kakhulu, akufanele ucabange kuphela ukuthi yikuphi usuku lomjikelezo wokunikeza i-prolactin, kodwa ugcine eminye imithetho futhi wenze izinqubo zokulungiselela. Imithetho esemqoka yokuhlaziywa kwaleli hormone yile ndlela elandelayo:
- I-sampling yegazi isenziwa ngosuku lwesishiyagalolunye sesishiyagalolunye;
- isampula ithathwe emthanjeni we-ulnar esiswini esingenalutho ekuseni, amahora amathathu emva kokuvuswa;
- usuku olulandelayo ukutadisha kungabandakanyi ukuvakashela i-sauna, ogwini, ukuthatha ibhuku lokushisa, i-hypothermia, ukusondelana ngokocansi, umsebenzi womzimba;
- kusihlwa isidlo sokudla siyadingeka, ngaphandle kokudla okudliwayo, ukunciphisa imikhiqizo yamaprotheni nokuqeda utshwala;
- ngaphambi kokuthatha igazi kufanele kubekwe kuphela ekuthumeni ngokomzwelo;
- Ekuseni ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, awukwazi ukubhema futhi uthinte indawo yezinsipho.
Ngenxa yobuzwe obandayo bezinga le-hormone emathonyeni amaningi angaphandle naphakathi, ukuze kugweme izinkomba ezingalungile, ochwepheshe abaningi batusa ukunikela ngegazi ukutadisha izikhathi ezintathu ngezikhathi ezithile zenyanga. Imiphumela iyaziwa phakathi nosuku olulodwa, futhi udokotela kufanele ahumushe lezi zimpawu futhi enze ukuxilongwa.
I-prolactin - evamile kubafazi (itafula)
Ukuhlushwa kwe-prolactin ejwayelekile egazini kuhlukahluka kuye ngokuthi ubudala, inani le-estrogen elikhiqizwa, ukukhulelwa, isikhathi sokuncelisa ingane, njll Ukwenza kube lula kakhulu ukuhumusha umphumela we-hormone prolactin okuqukethwe kwabesifazane, itafula elinomkhuba ngokudala liphinde lisebenzise izimiso zokuqondisa.
Isikhathi sobudala | Imiphumela evamile, md / l |
izinsana | 1700-2000 |
kuze kube unyaka ongu-1 | 630 |
Iminyaka engu-1-10 | 40-400 |
11-16 ubudala | 40-600 |
Iminyaka engu-16-45 (iminyaka yokuzala) | 40-600 |
45 nokuningi (ukuyeka esikhathini sokuya) | 25-400 |
Njengoba kungabonakala etafuleni, ngokwezinga le-hormone prolactin, isimiso sabesifazane siyafana eminyakeni yobudala emva kokukhulelwa nangaphambi kokuya esikhathini. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukuguqulwa kwansuku zonke kuvunyelwe, kuye ngokuthi ubuthongo, ukudla ukudla, ukucindezeleka, izenzo zocansi, imiphumela yokushisa, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlanganiswa kwalesi sici akufani nakwezinye izigaba ezihlukene zomjikelezo wesimiso. Lokhu kucabangela imithetho yokulungiselela ukuhlaziywa.
I-prolactin ekukhulelweni ivamile
I-prolactin, isilinganiso lapho abesifazane beshintshe ingane ngenxa yezinqubo eziningi zomzimba emzimbeni, uqala kancane kancane ukwandisa kakade ku-trimester yokuqala futhi uhlala uphakanyisiwe kuze kufike ukulethwa (izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa, kancane kancane). Kulesi simo, itafula elilandelayo lisebenza, lapho umkhuba weprolactin kubesifazane ubonakala ungeneminyaka yobudala, kodwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.
Isikhathi sokubeletha ingane | Imiphumela evamile, md / l |
Amaviki angu-8-12 | 500-2000 |
Amaviki angu-13-27 | 2000-6000 |
kusukela emavikini angu-28 | 4000-10000 |
Ukuhlaziywa kwe-prolactin ekukhulelweni akukafaneli kunqunywe, futhi ochwepheshe abaningi bacabanga ukuthi akuyona into efundisayo, ngenxa yokungafani okukhulu phakathi kwemiphumela evamile. Uma kunesidingo esinjalo, ke njengendlela evamile baqondiswa ukubaluleka kwe-10000 mU / l, okungafanele kudluliswe, uma konke emzimbeni wesifazane nengane ezayo kuqhubeka kahle.
I-prolactin e-lactemia - evamile noma isilinganiso
Ngemuva kokulethwa, izinga leprolactin lithinta uhlobo lokuncelisa. Endabeni lapho kunesidlo sokufakelwa ngaphandle kokufaka isicelo esifubeni, kancane kancane inani laleli hormone lisethwe ezingeni lika 400-600 mU / l. Uma owesifazane ebeletha, lapho ingane isondla khona, iphakamisa izinga. Ithebula elilandelayo lizokutshela inani elivamile le-hormone prolactin (okuvamile, kuye ngokuthi isikhathi sokudla).
Isikhathi sokubamba iqhaza | Imiphumela evamile, md / l |
izinyanga eziyisithupha zokuqala | 2500 |
Izinyanga ezingu-7-12 | 1000-1200 |
kusuka ezinyangeni ezingu-12 | 600-1000 |
I-prolactin ekumeni kokuya esikhathini evamile kubesifazane
Ngemuva kokuphela kokuphela kokuya esikhathini, uma ukuhlelwa kabusha kwe-hormonal enkulu kusemzimbeni wesifazane, izinga leprolactin, njengamanye ama-hormone amaningi, liqala ukwehla. Ngokwesilinganiso, izindinganiso zalo kulesi sikhundla sobudala ziba kusuka ku-25 kuya ku-400 mU / L (idatha iqukethe i-table - prolactin, evamile kubantu besifazane abaneminyaka yobudala). Unyaka ngamunye lezi zimiso ziyancipha.
I-Hyperprolactinemia yabesifazane - iyini?
Uma ukuhlaziywa kubonisa ukuthi i-prolactin iphakanyisiwe kowesifazane, ngenkathi engakhulelwe, engasondeli, zonke izimo zeqoqo legazi zihlangene (okungukuthi, izici zomzimba zokwandisa ukuhlanganiswa kwayo azigcini), umuntu kufanele abheke imbangela yokugula. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi i-hyperprolactinemia futhi ezimweni eziningi kudingeka kulungiswe.
Izimbangela ze prolactin eyanda
I-prolactin ephakeme ingabangelwa amaqembu amathathu ezimbangela:
1. I-Organic:
- izicubu ze-pituitary gland (prolactinoma, adenoma, meningioma, njll);
- izicubu ze-hypothalamus (glioma, germinoma, njll);
- ama-cysts obuchopho;
- izifo ezingenasici ze-hypothalamus;
- i-irradiation yesifunda se-hypothalamic;
- i-syndrome yokunqunywa komlenze womzimba we-pituitary, njll.
2. Ukusebenza:
- i-cirrhosis yesibindi;
- primary hypothyroidism;
- i-polycystic ovary;
- i-systemic lupus erythematosus;
- ukwehluleka kwezintuthwane ezingapheli;
- ukungakwazi ukusebenza kwe-cortex e-adrenal;
- ukuqhutshwa kokuhlinzwa emthombeni;
- ama-shingles, njll.
3. Izidakamizwa - ukuthatha izidakamizwa:
- i-antiemetics;
- antipsychotics;
- i-estrogen equkethe amalungiselelo;
- ama-antihistamine;
- abaphikisi be-calcium , njll.
I-Hyperprolactinaemia yabesifazane - izimpawu
Ukwanda kweprolactin kuvame ukuhambisana nemibonakaliso emitholampilo elandelayo:
- ukukhipha ezigulini ze-mammary;
- ubuhlungu ezigulini ezincelisayo;
- izibopho esifubeni;
- ukoma kwesifazane ;
- ukuphazamiseka komjikelezo wokuya esikhathini;
- ikhanda njalo;
- ukungazinzi kokwazi;
- ukuwohloka kombono;
- ukukhuluphala;
- kunciphise libido;
- i-seborrhea ye-scalp ;
- i-acne;
- ukukhula ngokweqile kwezinwele emzimbeni;
- ukuphazamiseka kokulala, njll.
I-Hyperprolactinemia kubantu besifazane - ukwelashwa
Uma imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi ibeka ama-hyperprolactinemia kwabesifazane, kuyilapho kunemibonakaliso engalungile, ukukhomba ukuphazamiseka kwempilo, kunconywa izinqubo ezengeziwe zokuxilonga, phakathi kwazo:
- izivivinyo zehomoni ze-thyroid, ama-hormone ezocansi;
- ukuhlola igazi kwegazi;
- I-Ultrasound ye-gland yegciwane , izitho zomzimba, izigxobo zesisu;
- i-resonance magnetic noma i-tomography ehlanganisiwe yobuchopho.
Ukwelashwa kuxhomeke ekungajwayelekile okutholiwe. Uma kwenzeka ukutholakala kwezindlela zokuphefumula zobuchopho, ukwelashwa okuhlinzekwayo, okuvame ukuhlanganiswa ne-radiotherapy, kungenziwa kunqunywe. Kwezinye izimo, izindlela zokwelashwa eziyinhloko ziyimithi, okuhloswe ngazo ukuqeda imbangela yezimpande. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuqondile ukunciphisa ukuhlushwa kwe-hormone, izidakamizwa ze-dopaminomimetic (i-Bromocriptine, i-Kabergolin, njll) ingahle inqunywe.
I-prolactin enciphise
I-prolactin ephansi ayijwayelekile, futhi izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zilandelayo:
- ukukhulelwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi;
- I-infarction ye-postpartum ye-pituitary gland;
- ukuthatha imithi ethile (i-anticonvulsants, izidakamizwa ze-dopaminergic, njll).