Emzimbeni womuntu, kunamaqembu angaphezu kuka-150 ama-lymph nodes. Lezi zitho zesimiso se-lymphatic zenza umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu - zihlunga i-lymph futhi zivimbela ukwanda kwamagciwane ezinobungozi.
Ama-lymph nodes abukeka kanjani?
Ama-lymph nodes anomumo ojikelezayo noma oval. Ubukhulu bawo obukhulu kusuka ku-0.5 mm kuya ku-1 cm, kodwa ama-lymph nodes ahlaba umxhwele kakhulu ngobukhulu. Lezi zitho zinebala elikhanyayo - elimhlophe noma elimpunga. Emzimbeni womzimba womzimba womuntu atholakala ngamaqembu amancane ama-8-10 ama-PC. Kunezinhlayiya ze-lymph zezicubu ezixhumeneyo futhi zimelela isakhiwo esiyinkimbinkimbi futhi ehlangene. Ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwalo, i-lymph igeleza kalula ngokusebenzisa ama-node futhi ihlanzwa kuyo. Kulesi sibalo, ungabona ukuhlelwa kwama-lymph nodes emzimbeni womuntu.
Emagqeni lymph, amangqamuzana e-immunological emzimbeni wethu avuthwe. Futhi, kulezi zitho, amaseli egazi amhlophe avuliwe ukulwa nokutheleleka. Uma umzimba womuntu usulelekile ngamagciwane noma amabhaktheriya ngobuningi, ke-ke ku-lymph node kuqiniswe umsebenzi wokulwa nawo. Izinqubo zemvelo eziyinkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke ziqaliswa, ukukhiqizwa kwamangqamuzana amhlophe kuqiniswa futhi wonke ama-microorganisms ayingozi abhujiswa. Ngakho-ke, kuma-lymph nodes womuntu, ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo eziyinkimbinkimbi kuvinjelwe.
I-Scheme yendawo yama-lymph nodes
Umzimba womuntu wuhlelo oluhle lwezinto eziphilayo, okuthi, uma luqhutshwa kahle, lungakwazi ukumelana nanoma yimiphi imiphumela engozi yangaphandle. Umzimba ngamunye uthatha indawo yayo futhi wenza umsebenzi wayo, okuqinisekisa ukuthi umuntu wenza impilo enempilo.
Ngokuyinhloko, indawo ye-lymph nodes igxile ekuhlungeni, entanyeni nangaphansi kwemigqa - izindawo ezinengqondo kakhulu zokulwa nezinhlobo ezahlukene zezifo. Futhi, inani elikhulu lama-lymph nodes lisegumbini lesisu esiswini. Ama-Capillaries we-lymph nodes agxilisa izitho zangaphakathi nezicubu eziningi. Okulandelayo, sicabangela indawo yamaqembu amakhulu ama-lymph nodes:
- indawo yama-lymph nodes entanyeni. Indawo ye-lymph node yomlomo wesibeletho ikuvumela ukuba ivikele umzimba ngokuqinile ngokumelene nezinhlobo ezahlukene zezicubu nezinqubo zokuvuvukala. Ingxenye ye-lymph node yomlomo wesibeletho iseduze kakhulu nezicubu, enye-ngaphezulu kakhulu. Indawo ye-lymph node ye-cervical and occipital iyinketho edlula kuzo zonke izicubu zentanyeni nesifunda se-occipital. Isithombe sikhombisa ukulungiswa kwama-lymph nodes entanyeni nasezindaweni eziyinhloko.
- indawo yama-lymph nodes ku-groin. Indawo ye-lymph node engumgogodla igxile eduze kwemithambo emikhulu nezigxobo zangaphakathi ze-pelvis. Ingxenye yama-node angama-inguinal asezinhlangothini zethambo le-pubic ngaphansi kwesikhumba. E-groin, le nodes nayo ikhona emaqenjini amancane. Leli lungiselelo lama-lymph nodes ku-groin libavumela ukuba basakaze ngezifo zezitho zomzimba nezitho zangasese, futhi bavimbele ukuthuthukiswa kwezi zifo;
- indawo yama-lymph nodes ngaphansi kwezimpondo. Indawo ye-lymph nodes e-axillary igxile emgodleni ohlangothini lwengalo e-cellulose. Kuye indawo, i-lymph nodes i-axillary ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili: ngaphakathi nangaphandle.
Indawo yazo zonke amaqembu ezinama-lymph nodes kucatshangwa ngemvelo ngendlela yokuthi ngalinye lala maqembu linesibopho sesitho esiseduze. Ngakho-ke, ngokusho kwesimo se-lymph nodes, kungenzeka ukuba ahlulele ukutholakala kwezifo kanye nezinqubo zokuvuvukala ezindaweni ezahlukene zomzimba wethu. Esimweni sabo esivamile, i-lymph nodes ayibangeli noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka nokungathandeki kumuntu, futhi ukuvuvukala nokukhathazeka kuyimbangela enkulu yokukhathazeka.