Imithi yokwelapha ikhula ngendlela engavamile, futhi manje imibhangqwana eminingi eshadile eyobe isithole isigwebo "sokungazalwa" inethuba lokuba abazali. Ukwelashwa kwe-spropreservation ye- sperm yinye impumelelo enjalo esetshenziswa kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ubuchwepheshe bokuzala (ART). Sizojwayelana nemibonakaliso ye-cryopreservation yembewu kanye nokuzikhethela kobuchwepheshe.
Iyini ukuqhwaza kwesilisa?
Kunezinombolo eziningi, okusho ukuthi i-cryopreservation ye-spermatozoa yenziwa kanjani, ihlanganisa:
- ukudala ibhange lesidoda;
- esimweni lapho kungenakwenzeka ukuthola spermatozoa yendoda yokukhulelwa kwe-ovule ngosuku lokuvuthwa kwe-follicle owesifazane;
- uma kudingekile ukuthola ukuhlushwa okwanele kwe-grade-grade spermatozoa ngezinga elanele ejaculate (oligozoospermia).
Ukuqandisa isidoda kanye namaqanda kuyisinyathelo esikhulu ekuthuthukiseni imithi yokuzala. Le nqubo inencazelo uma i-spermatozoa isuswa ngokuhlinzwa ukuze igweme ukuqoqwa okuphindaphindiwe kwesidoda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngisho nomuntu ogcwele kakhulu akakwazi ukuzivikela izifo nokulimala okunciphisa ikhono lomuntu lokukhulelwa noma, ngokujwayelekile, alifake. Futhi ngokuqandisa isidoda sakhe, indoda inethuba langempela lokuba ngubaba.
Ukulungiselela i-cryopreservation ye-sperm
Ngaphambi kokuqandisa isidoda sakho, indoda kufanele ihlolwe. Ngakho, ukuhlaziywa okudingekayo yi:
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-syphilis, i-human immunodeficiency virus, i-hepatitis B no-C;
- ukuvivinywa kwezifo zobulili.
Kunconywa ukuqhuba i-cryotest, okungukuthi, emva kokuqhwaza ngobuchwepheshe obukhethekile, okungaxhunyiwe kwesinye isidakamizwa somnikeli ukuhlola ikhwalithi yayo ngemuva kokuphazamiseka nokusebenza kwe-spermatozoa.
Inqubo yokuqoqa nokulondoloza isisu
Ukuqhwaza kwe-spermatozoa kunezinyathelo eziningana.
- Ngakho-ke, isinyathelo sokuqala ukuthola i-sperm bese uyigcina ekamelweni lokushisa kuze kube ihora elilodwa, ukuze kuvele ukuqedwa.
- Esigabeni sesibili, iqhwa ngokwalo lenziwa ngokwengeza i-cryoprotectant ejaculate, okuvimbela ukubhujiswa kwe-spermatozoa ngesikhathi seqhwa, uketshezi lwamanzi amangqamuzana futhi kwenza izinambuzane zamangqamuzana zibe zizinzile.
- Ngemuva kokungezwa kwe-cryoprotectant, ukubunjwa okubangelwayo kushiywa imizuzu engu-15, ngemva kwalokho kugcwele iziqukathi ezikhethekile (i-cryosolomines). Ama-tubes anezidakamizwa agcinwa ekamelweni elipholile kuphela endaweni ephakeme, kufanele amakwe futhi aqine ngokuvaliwe.
Inqubo yokuqandisa iqhutshwa kancane kancane ekushiseni kwe -198 ° C (ukushisa kwe-nitrogen ye-liquid). Ukuqeda isidoda kufanele kube ngokushesha ngaphambi kwenqubo ye- in vitro fertilization noma insemination.
Yiqiniso, akuwona wonke ama-spermatozoa agcina ikhono lawo lokufaka umquba ngesikhathi esifanele,
Ngakho-ke, inqubo ye-cryopreservation ye-sperm ingenye yobuchwepheshe obusha kunazo zonke zokwelapha zanamuhla, lapho imibhangqwana eminingi nezinsizwa eziningi zanikeza ithemba lokuzalwa kwengane. Iphuzu elibi lingezindleko eziphezulu, njengoba isidingo semishini ebiza kakhulu yokuqandisa kanye nokugcinwa kwamalungiselelo kanye nokwenza amalungiselelo ngokuyinhloko kukwandisa ngentengo. Futhi lokhu, kwenza ukuthi kungenakwenzeka kubantu abanezinga eliphansi nangaphansi kwesilinganiso esiphakathi sokuchuma.