Phakathi kwezifo ezihlukahlukene ze-psychosomatic, kukhona inani elikhulayo lezinkinga, njenge-alexithymia. Namuhla, izimpawu zayo zitholakala kunani labantu abaningi - kusuka ku-5 kuya kuma-25% wabantu abaphelele. Idatha ihlukanisa kakhulu, ngoba leli gama lisho izici ezihlukahlukene zengqondo nokuphambuka ngezinga.
Kuyini i-alexithymia?
I-Alexithymia ayiyona ingqondo yengqondo, kodwa isici esisebenzayo sesistimu yesimiso somuntu, esiboniswa ukungakwazi ukuveza imicabango yomuntu ngamagama. NgesiGreki, leli gama lingashintshwa ngokuthi "ngaphandle kwamazwi emizwa." Abantu abanokuphambuka banenkinga ekuchazeni nasekuchazeni imizwa yabo nemizwelo yabo, okokuqala, bagxila ezenzakalweni zangaphandle, eziphula ukwehla kwangaphakathi.
I-Alexithymia ku-Psychology
U-Alexitimia ekucwaningweni kwengqondo ukuphulwa kwemisebenzi yomzwelo yomuntu, kodwa hhayi isifo. Ukungaziphathi kahle akuhlotshaniswa namakhono omuntu womuntu, akathinteki, futhi izimbangela zokuthuthukiswa kwe-syndrome kunzima ukubona. I-Psychology ibheka isimo se-alexithymia njengengozi engozini yezifo ze-psychosomatic. Leli gama laqala ukusetshenziswa ema-70s ekhulu lama-20. Ukubuka iziguli ezinezifo ezibangelwa ukukhathazeka , i-psychoanalyst uPeter Sifneos wathola ukungakwazi kwabo ukunikeza ifomu ngamazwi. Isibalo sobukhulu besifo singase sihluke.
I-Alexithymia - izimbangela
Njenganoma iyiphi inkinga yengqondo, i-alexithymia yomuntu inemithombo eyisisekelo, eyabangela imbangela ye-syndrome. Hlukanisa izinhlobo zalo ezimbili - okuyisisekelo nesekondari, okungukuthi, impahla yomuntu ozinzile noma ukusabela okwesikhashana kule nkinga. Esikhathini sokuqala, izimbangela ziyi-genetic noma intrauterine: ukuphazanyiswa kwezakhiwo zobuchopho, ukucindezelwa kwemizwa eqondiswe ku-cortex ye-cerebral yi-limbic system. I-syndrome yesibili ihlanganisa izizathu zengqondo: i-autism, ukucindezeleka, ukushaqeka, izici zobungane emndenini nokukhuliswa.
I-Alexitimia - izimpawu
Ukuba khona kwe-syndrome kubonisa ukuthi umuntu ugxile ekuhlangenwe nakho kokukhathazeka futhi kuvaliwe kwinto entsha. Abantu abahluleka "ukuhluleka ukuveza imizwelo" banamathuba amaningi kunokuba abanye bacindezeleke futhi bahlakulele izifo ezifana nesifo senhliziyo, isifo se-astonma, isifo sofuba, i-anorexia, njll. Izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-alexithymia yizi:
- ukungakwazi ukuchaza umdlalo wezimzwelo eziphuthumayo nokuqonda imizwa ye-interlocutor;
- ukufaka imizwa ngezenzo ezimweni eziningi zokuphila;
- ukuhluleka ukuhlukanisa imizwelo evela ekuzweleni ngokomzimba;
- ukunganakwa kwe-intuition noma ukungabi khona kwayo okuphelele;
- iphupho elingavamile noma elingenangqondo (abantu abakhona benza imisebenzi yansuku zonke);
- ukucabanga okulinganiselwe, okwenza umsebenzi wokudala ungenzeki;
- ukucabangela, ukucaca okunengqondo, ukucabanga okuhlelekile.
Indlela yokukhuluma nomuntu one-alexithymia?
Omunye angase acabange ukuthi i-alexithymia yisifo esingaphazamisi impilo yansuku zonke. Eqinisweni, ukuhluleka ukuveza nokuveza imizwelo kuvimbela kakhulu ukuxhumana. Futhi ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo zesibili kwenza ukwelashwa kwesifo kudingekile. Vala abantu kudingeka babe nokubekezela ukukholisa i-alexithymist ukufuna usizo ku-psychoanalyst. Ungacindezeli umuntu "ongenangqondo ngokomzwelo", othukuthele naye. Ukuhlupheka kule syndrome kusiza "ukufudumala ekhaya": uthando, uthando, ukuqonda, ukuqonda.
I-Alexitimia emisebenzini yokudala
Ubuntu be-Alexitimic bunombono olinganiselwe, awukwazi ukuqonda imizwa yawo nokuphendula imizwa yabanye. Ekuphileni kwe-alexithymic, ayikho injabulo kanye nesifiso sokuthile okusha. Ziyi-pragmatic kakhulu futhi azi ukuthi zingabonisa kanjani. Ngakho-ke, izici zokudala zabantu abane-syndrome ziphikisana futhi cishe akunakwenzeka. Kodwa ubuciko kusiza ukubhekana nalesi sifo, isibonelo, ukwelashwa kwezobuciko kukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa komcabango .
I-Alexitimia - izindlela zokwelashwa
Kunzima ukuphatha i-alexithymia yangasese, kodwa ngezinto ezitholakalayo zingcono. Imiphumela yilethwa yi-psychotherapy: amasu anjenge-hypnosis, isiphakamiso, ukwelashwa kwe-psychodynamic kanye ne-gestalt. Zihloselwe ukusiza isiguli ukuba sisho imizwa. Ngezinye izikhathi ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kuyadingeka - ukusetshenziswa kwamanxeba ukuvimbela ukuhlaselwa kwe-panic, ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo, ukucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi empini yokulwa nesifo se-alexithymia, ukwelashwa kungaba isikhathi eside.
Ama-Alexitimics kufanele athathe iqhaza ngokuqondile ekuqedeni izimpawu zesifo sabo. Ngokuvamile, izazi ze-psychotherapist zinika iziguli zabo umsebenzi wesikole emsebenzini wokuthuthukiswa kwengqondo nokuqwashisa: ukugcina idayari, ukufunda inganekwane, ukwenza ubuciko - umdwebo, umculo, umdanso, njll. Abantu bafunda ukurekhoda imizwa yabo nemizwelo yabo, hhayi ukuba babesabe futhi bangabavimbeli. Kuwusizo ukuthuthukisa ngezikhombandlela ezahlukene, hhayi ukuboshwa kwenkinga yakho.
Ukuhluleka ukubeka imizwa ngamazwi kuyisici esingajabulisi, kodwa sinakho okunye futhi okubaluleke kakhulu ukulungisa uma kubonakala ngendlela elula. Kubalulekile ukuthi ungaqali ukuthuthukiswa kwe-syndrome, ukuze kungabangeli izifo ezingathí sina. Izifo ze-Psychosomatic ezivela ngenxa yokugula, nezimpawu ze-psychopathological (ukucindezeleka, ukucindezeleka, njll) kumele kususwe ngokushesha.