I-dermatitis yokuthintana yindlela yokwenza isithwathwa somuntu sibe nesisusa noma i-allergen ehambisana ngqo nayo. Ukungenela esikhumbeni, i-allergen ingena nge-epidermis ibe lymph, amangqamuzana ayo (i-lymphocytes) "aphikisana" nama cell of the stimulus. Ngenxa yalokho, lokhu kubonakaliswa kwale nqubo yokwelashwa kwesikhumba kubonakala.
Izimbangela nezinhlobo zokuxhumana nodokotela
I-dermatitis yokuxhumana ihlukaniswe yaba izinhlobo ezimbili - i-dermatitis yokuxhumana elula ne- contactergic dermatitis . Ukuxhumana okulula kwe-dermatitis kubonakala njengokuvuvukala kwesikhumba ngemuva kwesenzo se-chemical stimulus kuso, okuyinto kubo bonke abantu lapho bebonakala esikhumbeni kubangela ukusabela okunjalo. Ama-Irritants angaba okulandelayo:
- ama-alkalis anamandla nama-acids;
- izithako ezigxilile;
- i-solvents;
- lime elichloriniwe;
- izitshalo, eziqukethe izinto ezinomsindo ezinobuthi (isibonelo, izinhlanzi, i-spurge), njll.
Ngokungafani ne-simple, i-allergen contact dermatitis ayithinti bonke abantu. Umzimba wabantu abathile ungabheki neze izifo eziningi, kuyilapho abanye benokuxhumana okuncane nezinto ezithile, ukusabela okweqile. Ukumiswa kokuthintana nokuxhumana nodokotela we-dermatitis okuphazamisayo kuyadluliselwa ngokwezakhi zofuzo. Ezimweni eziningi, izilonda ezifanayo zibangelwa ukusabela okuvuthayo kokugula, kokubili kubazali nasezinganeni. Njengoba izilonda zingenza izinto eziningi, phakathi kwazo ziyi:
- zitshala izilonda (izitshalo ezakhiwe, anyanisi, isoso se-asparagusi, i-garlic, isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi, izithelo ze-citrus, njll);
- izinsimbi (i-nickel, ithusi, igolide, i-mercury, i-chromium, i-cobalt, njll);
- izidakamizwa ezongezwe ezintsheni zokugcoba, imibala yezinwele, izimonyo (formalin, hexachlorophene, butylparaben, njll);
- izinto zokwelapha (nitrofurazone, lidocaine, novocaine, neomycin, njll).
Ingozi yokubukeka kwe-dermatitis ukuhlukumeza ubuqotho besikhumba. Ngakho-ke, lesi sifo sivame ukukhula njengesifo sofuzo ngenxa yokuxhumana okuqhubekayo nokulimala komzimba ngesikhathi sokusebenza komsebenzi.
Kuye ngokuthi ubude nobuningi bokuvezwa kwezilwane nezilonda, uxhumano lwe-dermatitis lungaba lukhuni futhi lungapheli.
Izimpawu zokuxhumana dermatitis
I-dermatitis yokuthintana ebonakalayo ibonakala ngezibonakaliso ezibonakalayo:
- ubomvu obukhulu besikhumba;
- ukubonakala kokuvuvukala, ama- blisters endaweni yokuxhumana ngqo;
- itching kakhulu ephikelela;
- ukuphakama okubalulekile kokushisa endaweni yesilonda sesikhumba;
- ezimweni ezimbi - ukunyuka okujwayelekile kokushisa komzimba, ukubola, ubuhlungu be-wavy endaweni yokuxhumana ngqo.
I-dermatitis yokuxhumana ehambelana nayo ingahambisana nokubonakala kwamapuletiki ahlelwe yi-vesicles. Futhi, kungase kube nezinkinga eziningi, okukhishwa kuyo i-exudate engenambala.
I-allergic contact dermatitis ngokuvamile ivela efomini elingavamile, lapho ukuqina kwesikhumba kwenzeka khona endaweni yokuxhumana ne-allergen, iphethini elincinci liqinisa, ukoma nokuqhuma kwenzeka. Kwezinye izimo, kunemifantu eminingi. Kulesi simo, umonakalo esikhumbeni awuhlanganisi kuphela kulezo zindawo eziye zahlangana ne-allergen, kodwa futhi ziqhubeka nokunye.
Indlela yokuphatha uxhumano lwe-dermatitis?
Ukunakekelwa kwe-dermatitis yokuxhumana okulula neyomzimba kuncike kule migomo elandelayo:
- ukuqedwa kwe-allergen noma ukucasula;
- ukwelapha imithi yokuqeda izimpawu ze-pathology;
- ukuhlenga (ukuphuza ukuzwela), ukuhambisana nokudla.
Ezimweni eziningi, ukwelapha izidakamizwa kunomkhawulo ekusetshenzisweni kwamakhambi wendawo - amafutha (ama-creams, emulsions) avela ku-contact dermatitis, izidakamizwa eziphikisana nezidakamizwa.