Indlela yokushisa imifino yokutshala imifino nezinye izitshalo akuqinisekisi ukuthi ngeke kudingeke ubhekane nezifo zezici nezinambuzane. Ngakho ukuvimbela i-phytophthora ekuqaleni kuyoba enye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu ezindlini zokugcina izithombo zokuvikela izitshalo zabo utamatisi ekulahlekeni. Ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi yonke imizamo ayilona ize, kufanele uzijwayele indlela yokwenzeka yale nkinga bese uthola izindlela zokuvimbela le nhlekelele yemvelo.
Isizathu se-phytophthora kukho utamatisi
Ngakho-ke, inkinga ikhona amaphuzu amabili amakhulu. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi izimbangela ziyiziphi, ikakhulu - ama-fungus spores. I-fungus ibekezelela ngokuphelele frost ebusika in amazambane nezilimo eziyizigaxa. With mycelium ukufudumala ngokuphepha uqala uhambo lwawo. Uyifaka elitheni lokushisa ngamathuluzi engadini, nomhlabathi onegciwane, futhi umkhuhlane uzizwa ukhululekile emzalweni we-Solanaceae. Ngakho-ke, embuthaneni womthengisi ohamba phambili, singanquma kokubili inhlabathi ngokwalo kanye nokutshala.
Ngokuqhubekayo ngokuphathelene nendlela yokutheleleka. Kungani lesi sitshalo singaguli, noma singavamile ukugula, esigabeni sokukhula okukhulayo? Yebo, ngoba cishe bonke banegciwane elihle kakhulu kulezi zifo. Kodwa lapho kuqala ukuvuthwa, wonke amandla agijima ngokuqondile ekubunjweni kwe-fetus, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukubhekana nale fungus. Ngokuvamile, izinkinga ezinjalo zivela ngezinhlobo, lapho izici zikhombisa ukuvuthwa okuhambisanayo nokuvunwa okuphezulu.
Indlela yokuvikela utamatisi kusuka phytophthora?
Manje ukuthi siqonda indlela yokutheleleka ku-utamatisi, singakwazi ukubhekana nekhambi eliphumelelayo kakhulu le-phytophthora. Akukho okuzokwakhiwa lapha akudingekile futhi kwanele ukuvele uqhubeke kuzo zonke ezingenhla. Ngakho-ke, yini okufanele uyenze utamatisi ngokuvimbela i-phytophthora futhi ungenzani lapha:
- uma ukuqala kokubhujiswa okukhulu kubonakala cishe phakathi kwehlobo, ngakho-ke kunengqondo ukukhetha izinhlobo ezinhlobonhlobo zakudala, lokhu kuzosindisa utamatisi ovela e-phytophthora, ngoba sizovuna isivuno ngaphambi kokusabalalisa okukhulu;
- abafuni izinhlobo zakuqala, bese sikhetha kuphela lezo eziphikisana kakhulu nalesi sifo;
- ekufuneni indlela yokuphatha utamatisi, qaphela indlela ehlala isikhathi eside futhi eqinisekisiwe yokuvimbela i-phytophthora ne-potassium permanganate yezinhlamvu (ngendlela, imbewu yakhe isetshenziswa kuphela uma ineminyaka emithathu);
- Ukuvikela utamatisi kusuka ku-phytophthora kungaba kokubili ukwelashwa kanye nezindlela ezinamandla kakhulu, okungukuthi, ukubhujiswa kwazo zonke izikhonkwane nezinsalela zezitshalo, ukususa ungqimba ophezulu wenhlabathi okungenani u-5 cm.
Uma uzimisele ukuvikela utamatisi ovela ku-phytophthora, kufanele uhlaziye kanjani amagciwane emva kokuvuna amakhemikhali noma ubuhlalu besibabule, kuwumqondo omuhle ukweba inhlabathi. Ngenxa yalokho, ukuvimbela i-phytophthora kumatamatisi kuncishiswe ekucubunguleni kokutshala izinto ezitsheni zokushisa, ukukhethwa kwayo ngokucophelela, ukucubungula kwe-greenhouse kanye nenhlabathi.