Ukutshala utamatisi ezindaweni zokushisa - izincomo zokuvuna okuhle

Abaningi bakhetha ukutshala izitshalo endaweni yokushisa, ngakho-ke ungathola isitshalo kakhulu ngaphambi kokutshala endaweni evulekile. Ukutshala utamatisi endaweni yokushisa kufanele kwenziwe ngokuvumelana nemithetho, ngaphandle kwalokho izitshalo zingase zingagcini, noma zizokhula kahle.

Indlela yokulungisa i-greenhouse yokutshala utamatisi?

Abanini bezandla bangaba nezimfihlo zabo zokucubungula izakhiwo zokutshala imifino namajikijolo, kodwa phakathi kwezinqubo ezithandwayo kakhulu, umuntu angahlukanisa:

1. Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwemigoqo yesulfure, ungakwazi ukuhlanza konke kusuka kubhaktheriya nama-microorganisms. Kungcono ukuthenga "i-Pawn-C", izinto ezisebenzayo ezingahlali emhlabathini bese zibola ngokushesha. Ama-checkers kumele afakwe endaweni yonke yokushisa, kepha akufanele abekwe phansi, kodwa kunalokho ngamatshe noma amashidi ensimbi.
2. Ukwelashwa kwe-greenhouse ngaphambi kokutshala utamatisi kuhilela ukungcola. Ukusebenzisa i-sprayer, phatha yonke indawo ngokuxazulula isisindo. Ngemuva kwalokho, gcoba phezulu nge-brush kapron, ubheke ngokukhethekile izikhala. Khona-ke konke kuhlanzwa ngamanzi ahlanzekile. Izindwangu zensimbi nezinkuni zinconywa ukuba zidwetshwe nge-bleach noma zisanda kushaywa i-lime.
3. Ukulungiselela kusebenza futhi emhlabathini, okubalulekile ukuthulula kakhulu ngamanzi ashisayo. Ukufudumala inhlabathi, ungenza i-biofuel.

Ukutshala okulungile kwetamatisi ku-greenhouse

Ukulungiselela izithombo ezikhulayo, hhayi kuphela isakhiwo, kodwa nezitshalo ngokwabo zidinga. Ngenxa yezinqubo eziningana, ukutshala utamatisi ebamba lokushisa nokuzinakekela kulula kakhulu.

1. Ochwepheshe batusa ukuthi izitshalo zihlanjululwe, futhi kufanele zenziwe amasonto amabili ngaphambi kokutshala. Ekamelweni lapho izithombo zikhule khona kuyadingeka ukuba uqhube umoya, ngakho-ke ushiye i-ventilator evulekile ngisho nasebusuku. Uma isimo sesimo sezulu sihle, khona-ke ukuqina kungenzeka ukukhipha amabhokisi ngezithombo emgwaqweni amahora ambalwa. Iqiniso lokuthi utamatisi luhlelwe kahle luzobonakaliswa ngokubonakala kwe-hue ephuzi.
2. Izinsuku ezinhlanu ngaphambi kokufakelwa kabusha, kunconywa ukuthi uyiphathe ngesisombululo se-1% se-boric acid. Lokhu ukuvikela kahle izifo ezingenzeka.
3. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokutshala utamatisi ebamba lokushisa, kutuswa ukunciphisa amaqabunga aphansi ezitshalo. Ngenxa yalokhu, izithombo zizothola kangcono futhi ama-flower brushes azoqala ukwakha ngokushesha.

Ukutshala utamatisi endaweni yokushisa - isikhathi sesikhathi

Ukuze izitshalo zithole izimpande, zithuthukiswe kahle futhi zakhiwe kahle, kubalulekile ukuqala ukusebenza ngesikhathi esifanele. Ochwepheshe bayeluleka, ukutshala izithombo ngezikhathi ezincane. Eminye imininingwane eyisisekelo ukuthi kufanele ukutshala kanjani utamatisi esitheni sokushisa, phatha amaqiniso alandelayo:

1. Uma ukufika kukhishwa ekamelweni elinokugqoka okweqabunga nokushisa okwengeziwe, khona-ke imisebenzi ingaqaliswa ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli.
2. Uma kungabikho ukushisa, kodwa lapho usebenzisa izitshalo zokukhosela ifilimu, ungaqhuba ukufika ekuqaleni kukaMeyi.
3. Kwezinye izimo, utamatisi kufanele itshalwe endaweni yokushisa ekupheleni kukaMeyi. Kunezindlela ezehlukene ezizovikela izihlahla ngokushintsha kwesimo sezulu esibukhali. Isibonelo, ungakwazi ukugoba ifilimu yokushisa ebomvu ezindaweni eziningana, ushiye amamentimitha amabili phakathi kwabo. Lokhu kuzokwandisa kancane izinga lokushisa futhi kwandise impilo yangaphakathi.

Umhlabathi wokutshala utamatisi ku-greenhouse

Okubaluleke kakhulu ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi ku-greenhouse, okumele ibe nekhwalithi ephakeme futhi ecebile. Utamatisi afuna izitshalo futhi zidinga umhlaba owenziwe kabi, onobuthakathaka noma ongekho hlangothi, okungaphezu kwalokho, kufanele ube nokusebenza kahle kwemoya. Uma utshala izithombo zamatamatisi endaweni yokushisa, kungcono ukusebenzisa ingxube yezingxenye ze-turf phansi nezingxenye ezintathu ze-peat. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-10 g ye-ammonium nitrate, 25-30 g we-superphosphate kanye no-10 g we-potassium chloride kufanele ifakwe engxenyeni.

Indlela yokutshala utamatisi ku-abamba ukushisa?

Uma isikhathi sesifikile, izithombo kanye ne-greenhouse ngokwayo zilungiselelwe, ungahamba ngokuqondile ukutshala izitshalo. Kukhona amathiphu okuthi ungatshala kanjani utamatisi e-glasshouse eyenziwe nge-polycarbonate, ingilazi nezinye izinto.

1. Ukuqalisa kuphakanyiswa ntambama, lapho umsebenzi we-solar unciphise futhi umoya ugcwele ukupholisa.
2. Kungcono ukusebenzisa ukufika kwe-chess. Ibanga phakathi kwemigqa kanye nezihlahla lixhomeke kuloluhlobo luni olukhethwa ukutshala.
3. Ngokushesha eceleni kwetamatisi kunconywa ukufaka izikhonkwane, lapho esikhathini esizayo kuzobopha izitshalo.
4. Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho bakholelwa ukuthi inhlanganisela enhle yama-ultra-fast, determinant and a long varieties. Batshale kangcono emigqeni emibili esiteshini esisodwa. Eduzane nefasitela, izitshalo ezicacile zibekwe, bese zide, futhi ziphakathi kwazo.
5. Ukutshala utamatisi ku-abamba ukushisa kuyoba okuhlukile uma usebenzisa izithombo eziningi. Kulesi simo kungcono ukusebenzisa indlela ehlukile yokwehla. Okokuqala, umgodi ojulile we-12 cm wenziwa, futhi kukhona okunye kuwo futhi ububanzi bawo buyoxhomeka ebhodweni ngezithombo. Emva kokutshala lesi sitsha ngesitshalo emgodini wesibili, ngokushesha sihlanganiswa nomhlaba, kodwa enye kufanele ivaliwe lapho izithombo sezivele ziqalile. Ngenxa yalendlela, ukukhula ngeke kuphungulwe, futhi izimbali ngeke ziwile.

Ukujula kokutshala utamatisi ku-greenhouse

Kuzo izithombo, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi uma ukujula kokutshala okujulile, inhlabathi ephakeme kuyoba. Ukuthola ukuthi ukujula ukutshala utamatisi kubamba lokushisa kubaluleke kangakanani, kubalulekile ukuthi ukhombise ukuthi ukujula kwama-25-30 cm kubhekwa njengelungile. Uma ukujula komgodi kungaphezu kwezindinganiso ezibonisiwe, izimpande zizoqala ukuthuthukisa, kodwa ukukhula kwesihlahla ngokwayo kuzokwehla.

Ubuningi bokutshala utamatisi endaweni yokushisa

Ukuthi amahlathi angathuthuka ngokukhululekile, futhi kwakungekho nobunzima ekuvuneni, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ibanga kufanele libe phakathi kwehlathi. Konke kuxhomeke ezihlukahlukene ezikhethiwe.

1. Izinhlobo ezikhule kakhulu. Kuyinto evamile ukwenza izitshalo ezinjalo ngeziqu eziningana futhi kungcono ukhethe uhlelo lwe-chess lokutshala emigqeni emibili. Phakathi kwezihlahla kufanele kube ngamasentimitha angu-40, futhi phakathi kwemigqa ngokwabo - 50-60 cm.
2. Izinhlobo ze-Shtambovye. Uma unesithakazelo sokuthi ungakanani ukutshala utamatisi endaweni yokushisa, ubungako bungaba mkhulu, ngakho-ke ibanga eliphakathi kwemigqa lingama-50 cm, futhi phakathi kwamasiko 35-40 cm.
3. Izinhlobo ezingapheliyo. Uma usebenzisa lezi zinhlobonhlobo, ukutshala akusilo kakhulu futhi phakathi kwemigqa ibanga kufanele libe ngamasentimitha angama-40, naphakathi kwamahlathi angaba ngu-70 cm. Le ndlela yokutshala ibizwa ngokuthi "ibhande-nesting", ngoba imigqa 2-3 yenza into efana ne-tape.

Ukunakekela utamatisi emva kokutshala endaweni yokushisa

Ezinsukwini eziyishumi zokuqala, izithombo ziyosinda. Uma i-greenhouse yenziwe ngilazi, kuyadingeka ukuvikela izitshalo kusuka elangeni eliqondile. Ukushisa okudingekayo kufanele kugcinwe ngo-20-22 ° C. Ezinsukwini zakuqala, ukuphuza izithombo akukhuthazwa. Emiyalweni, indlela engcono kakhulu yokutshala utamatisi ku-greenhouse, kukhona enye inqubo ephoqelelwe - ukuhambisa izitshalo. Uma kungekho uhlelo oluzenzakalelayo, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuvula iminyango ku-greenhouse bese wenza ama-drafts ekushiseni.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwetamatisi endaweni yokushisa emva kokutshala

Ukuze uthole isivuno esicebile, awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kokufaka umquba. Abalimi abaningi basebenzisa lolu hlelo olulandelayo:

1. Imifuno engcono kakhulu yokutshala utamatisi endaweni yokushisa yi-phosphoric ne-potash, futhi kufanele ifakwe ekwindla. Ekuqaleni basuke bahlakazekile emhlabathini, bese-ke, bamba isayithi.
2. Ngolunye usuku ngaphambi kokufakelwa kabusha, kunconywa ukusebenzisa isisombululo esibuthakathaka se-manganese nesinhlanganisela semvubelo (10 g ngalinye ngo-10 l) emibhedeni, okumele ifakwe emahoreni angu-24. Udinga ukuletha okungaba ngu-220 g ngamunye kahle. Kunconywa ukubeka amagremu angu-100 omlotha kanye ne-eggshell.
3. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-14 emva kokutshala, ngaphansi kwesihlahla ngasinye, ingxube ye-1 litre ye- nitrofosque ne- mullein ingeziwe. Ngama-10 amalitha uthatha ama-0.5 amalitha we-mullein kagesi kanye ne-1 tbsp. isipuni semanyolo.
4. Ukudla okulandelayo kwenziwa emva kwezinsuku ezingu-10 futhi manje umquba wezinkukhu usetshenziselwa isilinganiso 1:15.
5. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwesithathu kuhlanganiswe nokuchelela, kanti umanyolo we-1:10 ohlanjululwe uthathwa.

Ukuphuza utamatisi emva kokutshala endaweni yokushisa

Ngemuva kokuba izithombo ezitshalwe kubalulekile ukubuka futhi uma ziqala ukwelula, ukuchelela kwenziwa.

1. Ukunisela kungenziwa njalo ezinsukwini ezinhlanu noma eziyisikhombisa. Izinga lokugeleza kufanele licatshangelwe ukuthi yi-1 m2 ngayinye kumele kube ne-5-7 amalitha oketshezi. Uma utamatisi uqala ukuqhakaza, isisindo samanzi sikhuphukela ku-12 amalitha endaweni eyodwa. Uma isimo sezulu sesishisa kakhulu, ivolumu ikhuphuka ibe ngama-15 amalitha.
2. Enye iphuzu okufanele libhekiswe yilapho ukuphuza utamatisi ngemuva kokutshala endaweni yokushisa, ngakho-ke kungcono ukwenza inqubo noma kusihlwa noma ekuseni.
3. Ukushisa ketshezi kumele kube okufanayo nomhlabathi. Ukunisela kuyenziwa ngaphansi kwempande ukuze amanzi awi ehlathini.

Yini ongatshala utamatisi ku-abamba ukushisa?

Lolwazi oluwusizo, okubalulekile ukucabangela, ngoba ngezinye izilimo, utamatisi awuhambisani ngokuphelele, futhi angafa. Abaningi bahlanganisa ngephutha utamatisi namakhukhamba, kodwa lo makhelwane awunqabeki, ngoba izimo ezikhulayo zazo zihlukile. Ukuthola indlela yokutshala izithombo zotamatisi endaweni yokushisa, kufanelekile ukukhomba ukuthi izitshalo ezilandelayo zingumakhelwane abahle: izinhlobo zakuqala zeklabishi omhlophe, i-lettuce leqabunga, isithombo, u-anyanisi, i-garlic, ama-strawberries, ama-legumes nemifino.