Utamatisi ungenye yemifino evelele kakhulu ehlobo, futhi cishe wonke umhlali wehlobo uhlanganyela ekukhuleni kwawo. Kodwa akunzima kakhulu, kodwa, ukuze uthole isivuno esihle kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi nini futhi kanjani ukugqoka okwedlule utamatisi.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwesitamatisi
Abaqalayo nabalimi kudingeka bazi ukuthi ukugqoka okuphezulu okungalungile kotamatisi ensimini, okwenziwe hhayi ngesikhathi, akunikezi umphumela olindelekile. Iyakwazi ukulimaza kakhulu noma yenza isivuno singakulungeli ukusetshenziswa, ngakho-ke izinto ezithile kanye nezingxube kumele zilungiselelwe ngokuvumelana nayo yonke imithetho. Uma ulahlekelwe ngengozi ngesikhathi somquba wokutshala ohleliwe, kungcono ukushiya lo mbono ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke, ake sicabange ngokuningiliziwe lapho sikwenza ukugqoka phezulu utamatisi emhlabathini ovulekile, futhi kungani kukhiqizwa.
I-fertilizing yokuqala yamatamatisi ngemuva kokufika emhlabathini
Emva kokufika, ukugqoka kokuqala kwetamatisi emhlabathini ovulekile kwenzeka cishe amasonto amabili kuya kwamatsatfu, lapho izithombo seziqothule futhi zaqala ukukhula ngokushesha. Ngama-tententi, lokhu kungase kube ukuphela kukaMeyi noma ekuqaleni kukaJuni. Ukondla ngokufanele kuzokusiza isitshalo ukuba sikhule ngokushesha futhi siguquke sibe yisihlahla esikhulu esihle. Ukudla kokuqala kungcono ukukhetha ukuxuba okunjalo ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi:
- 0.5 amalitha amanzi amaningi;
- 2 amalitha we-herbal nettle;
- 1 tbsp. i-nitrofoski;
- 0.5 amalitha yenkukhu yenkukhu.
Le ndlela elula yokufaka umanyolo wezitamatisi emhlabathini ovulekile ubizwa ngokuthi yimpande, okungukuthi, i-shrub kufanele isondle kuphela ngokusebenzisa impande. Kuzo zonke izihlahla ezitshalo okufanele usebenzise cishe ngamalitha ama-0.5 omanyolo. Ukondla kwenziwa kuphela kanye - lokhu kwanele ukuthola umphumela olindelekile.
Top utamatisi ukugqoka emva ukukhetha
Izithombo zokupheka - inqubo yokuyifakelwa emhlabathini ovulekile, impande eyinhloko yesitshalo kule nqubo ihlwithwa engxenyeni yesithathu yobude. Ngemuva kwalendlela, kudingekile amandla amaningi ekuqhumeni, okubandakanya ukuphuza ukukhula, okwamanje, ukugqoka okuphezulu kwetamatisi emhlabathini ovulekile kumele kube nokuningi futhi kunomsoco.
Njengokugqoka okuphezulu emva kokukhethwa, ungasebenzisa imvubelo yesibhakabhaka, kodwa kubalulekile ukucabangela into - enkambweni yomsebenzi obalulekile, izinto eziphilayo ezikuzo, ukubola i-potassium. Ngakho-ke, ukondla izitshalo, udinga ukungezezela ngokungezelelwe le mineralali. Faka isicelo sokufaka umanyolo ekuseni bese upha amanzi izithombo ngamanzi ekamelweni lokushisa.
Ukwengeza utamatisi ngezimbali
Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, wonke amandla e-utamatisi aqondiswe ezimbali, badinga kakhulu i-potassium ne-phosphorus - lawa ma-mineral ahlinzeka nge-ovary enhle. Ukukhuphuka utamatisi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kungaba yimpande noma foliar. Izinketho ezilandelayo zingasetshenziswa njengezimpande:
- Ngama-10 amalitha amanzi, sebenzisa isipuni semvubelo eyomile nezipuni ezintathu zeshukela. I-liquid ingashiywa amahora ambalwa, ngemuva kokuhlanjululwa ngamanzi 1:10 futhi iphuze ngaphansi kwempande.
- Nciphisa umlotha ngamanzi bese uphuza amanzi izitshalo izinsuku ezimbalwa.
Noma kunjalo kukhona okunye okukhethwa kukho, njengokugqoka phezulu utamatisi emhlabathini ovulekile phakathi nezimbali:
- Emalitha angu-4 amanzi, engeza amaconsi angu-15 e-iodine nelitha elilodwa lobisi. Utamatisi aphuzwa ekuseni futhi kusihlwa akusiyo kakhulu, ukuze isixazululo singasuki emagqabeni.
- Izipuni ezimbili ze-superphosphate zingahlanjululwa ngetitha lamanzi ashisayo futhi ziphoqele amahora angu-12. Isixazululo kumele sihlanjululwe ngamanzi ngesilinganiso se-1:10, izitshalo zihlanjululwa kusihlwa.
Kangaki ukondla utamatisi?
Ngaki imvamisa ukugqoka okuphezulu kwetamatisi emhlabathini ovulekile, kufanele kunqunywe ngokucubungula icala ngalinye. Isibonelo, ukondla utamatisi emva kokutshala kwenziwa ngokuvumelana nemithetho kanye kuphela, kodwa uma isitshalo singagcini kahle noma singathanda, singabuye siphindwe ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Ukushisa okumnandi nokugcwele okuphilayo akudingi ama-fertilizer amaningi, ngakho-ke ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza noma i-ovary ungangeza umanyolo owodwa noma owodwa kuphela.
Ungazondla kanjani utamatisi?
Ngaphezu kwalokho kuchaziwe, kunezinketho eziningi zokugqoka nezimpande ze-foliar, ongayilungiselela zona. Azikwazi nje ukuqinisa utamatisi nokunikeza ukukhula okuhle, kodwa futhi zisiza ukubhekana nezifo ezihlukahlukene. Ake sicabangele ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi yikuphi ukugqoka okuphezulu okufana no-utamatisi emhlabathini ovulekile, nokuthi ungapheka kanjani.
Ukutshala utamatisi ngemvubelo
Imvubelo evamile yenhlama, ejwayele ukusetshenziselwa ukupheka, izokusiza ukukhulisa isitshalo sezinyosi ezihloniphekile. Zinezinhlobo eziningi zamaprotheni, izinsimbi eziphilayo, ama-amino acids kanye nama-macro nama-microelements amaningi, okuthuthukisa kakhulu izinga lokukhula. Imfino yokugqoka ephezulu ye-utamatisi emhlabathini ovulekile izonikeza:
- ukwandisa ukukhuthazela izithombo utamatisi;
- ukusheshisa kokukhula;
- ukuqinisa ukuqhuma nokusabalalisa;
- ukwandisa umkhuhlane we-utamatisi phambi kwezifo ezihlukahlukene.
Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, imvubelo yomanyolo isetshenziswa. Ikhiqiza ngokuhlelekile ukwakheka kwenhlabathi, ukudala imvelo enhle kakhulu. Lungiselela ngokushesha futhi okuyisisekelo, ngeke kuthathe isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu embalwa. Ungasebenzisa ngokuphelele imvubelo, eyomile noma emanzi. Ngokuba ingxube izodinga 1 kg yemvubelo ebukhoma kanye nama-5 amalitha amanzi.
Imvubelo yaqedwa ngokuphelele ngamanzi, khona-ke le nhlanganisela ihlanjululwa ngamanzi ngesilinganiso se-1:10. Umanyolo okhulayo ungathululelwa ku-0.5 l kokubili ngokuqondile ngaphansi kwempande, futhi eduze komjikelezo wesigxobo sesiphunzi. Uma ingxube enjalo ichitheka utamatisi nsuku zonke, uzobona ngokushesha imiphumela ephawulekayo - utamatisi uzoqina futhi uzokhula ngokuphawulekayo ekukhuleni.
Uma ufuna ukusebenzisa imvubelo eyomile, ukugqoka okuphezulu kwamatamatisi emhlabathini ovulekile kulungiselelwe ngalendlela elandelayo: 10 g yemvubelo namaspuni amabili ashukela ahlakazwa ngamalitha ayi-10 amanzi. Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, lesi sombululo kufanele sishiywe amahora ambalwa ukuze sithole, emva kokuhlanzwa ngamanzi ngesilinganiso se-1: 5. Lokhu kufaka izitshalo kuzophinde kuhlinzeke izitshalo ngokukhula okunempilo namandla.
Ukondla utamatisi nge-ammonia
I-nitrate iyisisombululo se-ammonia futhi ilayishwa kalula. Uhlinzeka lesi sitshalo nge nitrogen, unikeza ukwakheka ngendlela efanele kwehlathi futhi kusiza izimbali eziningi. Futhi, ukondla i-saumoni emhlabathini ovulekile kusetshenziselwa ukungabi nalutho lwezimbali, isiqu esincane, amasayizi amancane amaqabunga.
Ukusebenzisa lolu hlobo lokutshala umquba, kuyadingeka ukwazi ukuthi umanyolo onammonia kufanele usetshenziswe ngokucophelela, ukuhlushwa okuphezulu kwezinto kungenza umonakalo omkhulu. Kubalulekile ukuqala ukugqoka phezulu ngezixazululo ezibuthakathaka, ekugcineni ukwandise ukuhlushwa kwayo, kanti inani eliphakeme elivumelekile liyi-1 ithisipuni le-ammonia nge 1 litre lamanzi.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwetamatisi nge-boric acid
Ukugqoka okwedlula utamatisi nge-boric acid kungenye yezindlela ezilula, ezingabizi futhi eziphumelelayo zokukhulelwa. Kungabizwa ngokuthi yonke indawo, ukunikezela utamatisi nge-boron futhi iwavikele ekungcoleni kwelanga . I-Boron isiza ukuthatha izinto ezidingekayo eziwusizo emhlabathini, ikhuthaza ukwanda okusheshayo kwinani lezimbali, kuphuthumise ukwakhiwa kwama-ovari.
Isikhathi sokuqala i-boric acid njenge-dressing top of utamatisi emhlabathini ovulekile isetshenziswa esigabeni sokulungiselela imbewu yokuhlwanyela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, imbewu kufanele ifakwe kwisisombululo se-0.2 grams ilitha ngalinye lamanzi afudumele amahora angu-24. Ngenxa yalokhu kukhula, imbewu yokuhluma iyanda kakhulu. I-boric acid njengengubo ephezulu yokugqoka isetshenziswa uma yenza i-ovary. Ukuze silungise isixazululo, sisebenzisa i-1 g ye-boric acid ngamalitha angu-1 amanzi, futhi sichitha izithombo.
Kodwa leli thuluzi kufanele lisetshenziswe ngokucophelela okukhulu - uma umthamo we-boric acid esixazululweni udlulile, utamatisi ungabhekana kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, uma utamatisi eqala ukubheka okubi emva kokugqoka okuphezulu, kufanele uwamise ukuze ugeze. Uma kwenzeka ukugqoka okuphezulu okuphumelelayo, inqubo echazwe kufanele iphindwe emva kwezinsuku ezingu-10.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu nge-tomato potassium permanganate
I-Manganese yamatamatisi ingasetshenziswa nje kuphela njengokugqoka okuphezulu, kodwa futhi njenge-disinfectant. I-potassium ne-manganese, equkethwe kuyo, ifomu e-atomic oksijeni yomhlabathi, eyondla isimiso sezitamatisi iphinde ivikele ukulimala okuphelile. Kodwa umuntu akakwazi ukusho ngokungaqondile ukuthi i-potassium permanganate iyimanyolo engcono kunawo wonke wezamatamatisi, iqeda hhayi nje kuphela eyingozi kepha futhi ibhaktheriya enenzuzo nezincane ezincane.
Ukuze ugqoke phezulu udinga isisombululo - 3 g we-potassium permanganate ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi. Ziphathe izithombo kumele zibe emva kokutshala kanye, noma kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyishumi. Utamatisi uhlwanyelwa ngale ndlela elandelayo: isisombululo esishisayo kufanele sithelwe emthonjeni olungiselelwe futhi amahlumela atshalwe emva kwemizuzu engu-20. Lapho izimbali zikatamatisi zifikile, isisombululo esifanayo singasondliwa ngokwengeziwe.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-utamatisi ngezinyosi zezinkukhu
Ukufuna izixazululo, kunokuba ukondle utamatisi, izikhambi zabantu, ezifana nomquba wenkukhu, aqukethe i-nitrogen, i-potassium, i-phosphate ne-magnesium kuhle kakhulu. Indlela elula yokufaka umanyolo ukulungiselela ukumnika. Kudingeka ukuthatha umquba wezinyoni ogcwele futhi uwuthulule ngamanzi, ingxube kufanele ifakwe ezinsukwini ezingu-2-3. Umbala wayo kufanele ube obomvu ngokukhanya - uma kuphenduka umnyama, umanyolo kufanele uhlanjululwe. Ukudla okunjalo kubizwa ngokufanelekile emhlabeni jikelele futhi kuphephile ngokuphelele kwisitshalo.
Ukutshala utamatisi ngomlotha
I-ash ash iqukethe isethi yonke yezakhi ezidingekayo utamatisi, ngakho-ke iyathandwa kakhulu kubantu. Ikhuthaza ukukhula, ukuvuthwa okuhle nokuvuthwa kwezithelo ngesikhathi esifanele. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba ukhuculise izitshalo ngomlotha, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukukhululeka kwayo kunomthelela omubi emhlabathini.
Ukugqoka okunjalo kulungiselelwe yedwa - cishe amagremu angu-150 omlotha kanye no-10 amalitha amanzi. Ngokuba isithombo esisodwa sishiya ama-0.5 amalitha enhlanganisela. Utamatisi uba mnandi, ngamaqabunga amakhulu kanye ne-inflorescences, umbala ohlaza ogcwele ohlaza. Uma ungayiboni umphumela, ukugqoka okuphezulu kwezotamatisi ezihlahleni kufanele kukhishwe futhi ngesonto.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwetamatisi nge ukumnika kwamakhemikhali
Isixazululo esiphumelelayo nesiphephile, kunokuba ukondle utamatisi emhlabathini, yi-herbal infusions. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-dandelion, i-nettle, umama-no-stepmother isetshenziswa. Ngendlela yayo ehlanzekile, ukumnika okungavamile kuyasetshenziswa, kaningi kuyasetshenziswa njengendlela yokwengeza ku-phosphate, umanyolo ngama-droppings. Ukudla okulungiselelwe kulula - utshani obugcwele amanzi bufaka amahora angu-24.
Ukondla isinkwa for utamatisi
Ukudla kwesinkwa kuyindlela ehlukile yemilenze yomanyolo yokugqoka okuphezulu kwetamatisi. Ukuze uthole isisombululo sezakhi, uzodinga isinkwa esilukile semvubelo. Ukulungiselela ukudla kulula kakhulu - izinsalela zesinkwa zigcwele ngokuphelele amanzi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isitsha sigcina siqine ukuze isinkwa singagudli, bese ushiya cishe isonto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umanyolo uhlanjululwe ngamanzi futhi uthelelwa esitshalweni ngaphansi kwempande.