Nakuba kukhona ukuhlushwa okunjalo kwisichazamazwi sezokwelapha, eqinisweni, i-autism akuyona isifo, njengoba kunjalo. Lokhu kumane nje umehluko wengane ethile kusuka kontanga ngezimo ezihlukahlukene zokuziphatha.
Izimpawu ze-autism ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emithathu ubudala
Njengomthetho, ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kuphela ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu ubudala, kodwa izimpawu zokuqala ze- autism ezinganeni zingabonwa ngaphambi kokuqala kweminyaka engu-3-4 nangaphambili. Ezinye izingane zibeka ngokucacile ukuziphatha kwazo ukuphambene nomkhuba osuvele uneminyaka engamashumi amabili ubudala, futhi abazali abaqaphele bangakwazi ukusola ukuthi kukhona okungalungile.
Ngokuvamile, izimpawu ze-autism emntwaneni oneminyaka engu-3 aziqondile futhi ngisho noma abazali bethola ezinye zazo emntwaneni wabo, lokhu akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi lesi sifo. Ukuxilongwa kungenziwa nje kuphela yi-neurologist enekhono eliqapha umntwana, futhi ubeka nokuhlolwa okukhethekile kokuhlolwa kokuqala.
Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izimpawu nezimpawu ze-autism ezinganeni zeminyaka emithathu zidinga ukunaka abazali, manje sizozicabangela. Zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu: ezenhlalakahle, ezokukhulumisana kanye nezindlela eziphathekayo (ukuziphatha kwe-monotony ngokuziphatha).
Izimpawu zomphakathi
- Ingane ayinasithakazelo kumathoyizi, kodwa ezintweni ezijwayelekile zasendlini (ifenisha, imishini yomsakazo, izitsha zasekhishini), ukungazinaki ngokuphelele imidlalo yezingane.
- Akunakwenzeka ukubikezela ukusabela kwengane komphumela othile.
- Ingane ayilingiswa ngabantu abadala, okuqala ezinganeni emva konyaka.
- Ingane ihlala idlala yedwa futhi inganaki inkampani yabangane noma abazali.
- Cishe njalo ingane igwema ukubheka amehlo ngenkathi ikhuluma, kodwa ibuka izindebe noma ukunyakaza kwezandla ze-interlocutor lapho bekhuluma naye.
- Ngokuvamise ingane ingane ene-autism, ayikubekezeli ukuxhumana komzimba kwabanye.
- I-kid isondelene kakhulu nonina futhi ingaphenduli ngokuphendula ukuthi ingekho noma ngokungafani nayo, ayikubekezeli futhi ngeke iphumule ize ishiye indawo yayo.
Izici zokuxhumana
- Izingane zivame ukukhuluma ngokwayo kumuntu wesithathu, esikhundleni sokuthi "Mina" zisebenzisa igama labo, noma bathi "He."
- Ingane ayitholakali noma inkulumo engalungile yobudala bayo.
- Ingane ayinaso nhlobo isithakazelo ezweni elikuzungezile, akabuzi imibuzo.
- Ephendula ukumomotheka, ingane ingamomotheka futhi ayithokozi kangako ekuphileni kwansuku zonke.
- Ngokuvamile inkulumo yengane iqukethe amagama angamaqiniso, imisho noma ukuvela kubantu abangabazi njalo, kanye namazwi azwile.
- Ingane cishe ayiphenduli izicelo zomuntu omdala, ayiphenduli egameni lakhe.
Ama-stereotypes ekuziphatha
- Ingane isabela ngokungafanelekile ushintsho esimweni noma kubantu ekamelweni.
Ukhululekile kuphela ngabantu abanjalo, abanye abakubona ngenzondo. - Ingane idla ukudla okukhethiwe kuphela futhi ayizami lutho olusha.
- Ukuphindaphindiwe kokunyakaza okulula okuzithengisa okulula okufakazelayo kubuye kufakazele ukugula kwesifo sengqondo.
- I-autistics encane ilandelela imithwalo yabo yansuku zonke futhi ihamba kakhulu kulokhu.
Ngeshwa, ayikho imithi ephilisa i-autism. Kodwa ingane izoba usizo olukhulu ukuvumelanisa emphakathini izinyathelo zokwelapha ezikhethekile futhi usebenze nesazi sengqondo.