Izimpawu ze-autism emntwaneni oneminyaka emithathu

Sizisola kakhulu, ezweni lanamuhla ukuthambekela kokuxilongwa "kwe-autism" ezincane kuyanda kancane. Ososayensi abakakaze babone imbangela yalokhu kuphazamiseka, kodwa kuphawulwe ukuthi ngezinye izikhathi lesi sifo sinesifazana.

Nakuba kukhona ukuhlushwa okunjalo kwisichazamazwi sezokwelapha, eqinisweni, i-autism akuyona isifo, njengoba kunjalo. Lokhu kumane nje umehluko wengane ethile kusuka kontanga ngezimo ezihlukahlukene zokuziphatha.

Izimpawu ze-autism ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka emithathu ubudala

Njengomthetho, ukuxilongwa kwenziwa kuphela ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu ubudala, kodwa izimpawu zokuqala ze- autism ezinganeni zingabonwa ngaphambi kokuqala kweminyaka engu-3-4 nangaphambili. Ezinye izingane zibeka ngokucacile ukuziphatha kwazo ukuphambene nomkhuba osuvele uneminyaka engamashumi amabili ubudala, futhi abazali abaqaphele bangakwazi ukusola ukuthi kukhona okungalungile.

Ngokuvamile, izimpawu ze-autism emntwaneni oneminyaka engu-3 aziqondile futhi ngisho noma abazali bethola ezinye zazo emntwaneni wabo, lokhu akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi lesi sifo. Ukuxilongwa kungenziwa nje kuphela yi-neurologist enekhono eliqapha umntwana, futhi ubeka nokuhlolwa okukhethekile kokuhlolwa kokuqala.

Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izimpawu nezimpawu ze-autism ezinganeni zeminyaka emithathu zidinga ukunaka abazali, manje sizozicabangela. Zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amathathu: ezenhlalakahle, ezokukhulumisana kanye nezindlela eziphathekayo (ukuziphatha kwe-monotony ngokuziphatha).

Izimpawu zomphakathi

  1. Ingane ayinasithakazelo kumathoyizi, kodwa ezintweni ezijwayelekile zasendlini (ifenisha, imishini yomsakazo, izitsha zasekhishini), ukungazinaki ngokuphelele imidlalo yezingane.
  2. Akunakwenzeka ukubikezela ukusabela kwengane komphumela othile.
  3. Ingane ayilingiswa ngabantu abadala, okuqala ezinganeni emva konyaka.
  4. Ingane ihlala idlala yedwa futhi inganaki inkampani yabangane noma abazali.
  5. Cishe njalo ingane igwema ukubheka amehlo ngenkathi ikhuluma, kodwa ibuka izindebe noma ukunyakaza kwezandla ze-interlocutor lapho bekhuluma naye.
  6. Ngokuvamise ingane ingane ene-autism, ayikubekezeli ukuxhumana komzimba kwabanye.
  7. I-kid isondelene kakhulu nonina futhi ingaphenduli ngokuphendula ukuthi ingekho noma ngokungafani nayo, ayikubekezeli futhi ngeke iphumule ize ishiye indawo yayo.

Izici zokuxhumana

  1. Izingane zivame ukukhuluma ngokwayo kumuntu wesithathu, esikhundleni sokuthi "Mina" zisebenzisa igama labo, noma bathi "He."
  2. Ingane ayitholakali noma inkulumo engalungile yobudala bayo.
  3. Ingane ayinaso nhlobo isithakazelo ezweni elikuzungezile, akabuzi imibuzo.
  4. Ephendula ukumomotheka, ingane ingamomotheka futhi ayithokozi kangako ekuphileni kwansuku zonke.
  5. Ngokuvamile inkulumo yengane iqukethe amagama angamaqiniso, imisho noma ukuvela kubantu abangabazi njalo, kanye namazwi azwile.
  6. Ingane cishe ayiphenduli izicelo zomuntu omdala, ayiphenduli egameni lakhe.

Ama-stereotypes ekuziphatha

  1. Ingane isabela ngokungafanelekile ushintsho esimweni noma kubantu ekamelweni. Ukhululekile kuphela ngabantu abanjalo, abanye abakubona ngenzondo.
  2. Ingane idla ukudla okukhethiwe kuphela futhi ayizami lutho olusha.
  3. Ukuphindaphindiwe kokunyakaza okulula okuzithengisa okulula okufakazelayo kubuye kufakazele ukugula kwesifo sengqondo.
  4. I-autistics encane ilandelela imithwalo yabo yansuku zonke futhi ihamba kakhulu kulokhu.

Ngeshwa, ayikho imithi ephilisa i-autism. Kodwa ingane izoba usizo olukhulu ukuvumelanisa emphakathini izinyathelo zokwelapha ezikhethekile futhi usebenze nesazi sengqondo.