UBrugmansiya - ukutshala nokunakekelwa, imithetho ebalulekile yokulima

Abaningi ukuhlobisa amakhaya abo bakhethe izitshalo ezishisayo ezifuna ukunakekelwa, kodwa ubuhle bazo buyalethela konke. I-Brugmansiya, ukutshala nokukhathalela okubandakanya imithetho embalwa ebalulekile, i-shrub ehlala njalo futhi iyaziwa ngezimbali zayo ezingavamile ze-campanulate.

Yini ebonakalayo njenge-brugmansy?

Kunamanani amaningi asetshenziselwa ukuchaza lesi siko sembali:

1. Endle, izihlahla zikhula zibe ngu-5 m, kanti ekhaya, izinhlobo eziphansi zebanga le-brugmansii ziyasetshenziswa.
2. Amaqabunga akhulu futhi abe nesimo se-oval futhi agxilile amaphezu. Ekude, angafinyelela ku-0.5 m.
3. Izimbali ziyi-funnel efana ne-bell. Zigxilile futhi zikhulu, ngakho ububanzi bazo bufinyelela kufinyelele ku-20 cm, nobude - kufika ku-50 cm. Kuye ngeziqu ezinhlobonhlobo zingavezwa eluhlaza obomvu, obomvu, ophuzi, o-orange kanye no-cream. Kunezinhlobonhlobo ezimbili namithathu embala. Iphunga elimnandi libizwa futhi ikakhulukazi liqinisa ngobusuku. Abaningi banesithakazelo lapho izimbali ziqhakaza, ngakho-ke ungakwazi ukujabulela ubuhle nephunga lamafihlekile ngonyaka olandelayo emva kokutshala kusukela ngoJulayi kuya kuDisemba.
4. Kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi isihlahla sinobuthi, ngakho kufanele sitshalwe ngokucophelela futhi sinqunywe.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-bruggmansia, ezihluke kakhulu ekubukeni kwezimbali. Phakathi kokuvamile okwehlukanisa lezi zinketho:

1. "Okumnandi" . Izimbali zifinyelela ubude obufinyelela ku-30 ​​cm, futhi zidwetshwe emthunzini omhlophe noma ophuzi ophuzi.
2. "Igolide" . Ama-buds ubude nawo afinyelela ku-30 ​​cm, futhi ane-bend ebanzi. Kukhona wonke ama-shadow shades. Ipuleti leqabunga lincane kulolu klasi.
3. "I-Snow White" . Ukuphakama kweBrugmansiya kufinyelela ku-3 m. Ubude bezimbali buyi-25 cm futhi bumhlophe. Amaqabunga afanelekile.
4. "Amanzi" . Lolu hlobo lwe-bruggmansia, ukutshala nokunakekela okwenziwe ngokwemithetho ekhonjisiwe ngezansi, kungukumelana nesithwathwa. Ama-Buds aqoshiwe e-yellow, orange and red hue. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi iphunga alinamandla njengezinye izinhlobo.
5. "Multicolored" . Phakathi kwezinye, lezi zinhlobo zihlukaniswa yiziqu ezide kakhulu, ngakho zingafinyelela ku-0.5 m. Zidwezwe emthunzini wekhilimu, kodwa uma zikhula, zingaba yi-peach.

Kanjani kahle ukutshala бругмансию?

Kubalulekile ukhethe ibhodlela elilungile elizohlwanyela futhi likhule lesi sitshalo. Ungasebenzisa isitsha noma isitsha sepulasitiki, kodwa esimweni sesibili, yenza umgodi phansi ukuze amanzi amaningi adlule ngesikhathi sokunisela. Ukuze uthuthukise i-brugmansia kahle, ukutshala kufanele kwenziwe encwadini ebanzi, njengoba uhlelo lwempande lukhula ngokushesha.

Ukutshala imbewu ye-brugmansii

Izinto zokutshala kumele zibe zintsha. Kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi imbewu ilukhuni, ngakho amahlumela kumele ahlale isikhathi eside. Ukuze sikhule brugmansiya imbewu ekhaya, ukufika kusetshenziswa ngokulandela lemithetho elandelayo:

1. Okokuqala, tshala izinto zokutshala usebenzisa ukugqugquzela ukukhula . Ukuze kuphuthumise inqubo yokuhluma, kutuswa ukuba uqale imbewu kuqala ukuphula igobolondo labo.
2. Gcwalisa kahle umhlaba bese uwuthululela. Ukujula kokutshala kwembewu kufanele kube ngu-1 cm.
3. Ukuhluma i-brugmansia, ukutshala nokunakekelwa kufanele kufake ukumboza isitsha ngefilimu noma ingilazi ukuze kutholakale isimo sokushisa. Uma amahlumela avela, susa indawo yokukhosela. Spray izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku, kodwa uqaphele ukuthi inhlabathi akufanele ifakwe ngamandla.
4. UBrugmansiya ukhula masinyane futhi eqoqa kwelinye ibhodlela kumele kwenziwe, emva kokuvela kweqabunga langempela lesihlanu.

Indlela yokutshala i-brugmansiyu cuttings?

Lokhu kuhluka kuyavame kakhulu, njengoba lesi sitshalo sikhula ngokushesha futhi siphuphuma ngonyaka ofanayo. Kunemithetho indlela yokutshala i-brugmansiyu cuttings:

1. Kusukela ku-shrub womama ukusika amahlumela, ubude obungafanele kube ngaphezu kuka-20 cm. Ukusika kumele kube yizicucu ze-apical ezinamalungiselelo okulinganisa amaqabunga.
2. Umsuka emhlabathini olungiselelwe futhi ongenqamukile. Ukumboza isitsha ngesikhwama noma imbiza. Emasontweni ambalwa, amaqabunga kufanele avele bese esusa indawo yokukhosela.

UBrugmansiya - ekhula ekhaya

Ngalesi sitshalo esingajwayelekile kakhulu ukubaluleka okuhle nesikhathi esibandayo ngaphandle kokudala ukukhanya okungeziwe abakwazi ukukwenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyingozi kakhulu, ngakho-ke idinga inhlabathi nomoya oswakanyisiwe. Iziqondiso zendlela yokukhulisa i-brugmansiyu, kuboniswa ukuthi ngesikhathi sasehlobo, ibhodlela lingabekwa emgodini, kodwa likhetheka uma libheke empumalanga noma entshonalanga. Okufanele ukuthuthukiswa okuhle ukushisa kwe-13-26 °.

Umhlabathi we-brugmansii

Ukuze ukhule lesi siko sembali, kunconywa ukuba ukhethe i-substrate yezakhi, okumele futhi ihanjiswe ukuze kuvunyelwe umswakama. Kungcono ukulungisa wena umhlabathi, ngakho ukutshala kungenziwa enhlabathini, okufaka izingxenye ezimbili ze-peat kanye nengxenye ye-loam ne-humus. Inhlanganisela efundwayo inconywa ukuba iphathwe ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate yokushiswa kwe-disinfection. Uma kungekho ndlela yokwenza inhlabathi enjalo, khona-ke isitshalo se-brugmansiya singatshalwa enhlabathini yesitolo, kodwa kufanele sihlanjululwe ngomquba .

Indlela yokunakekela brugmansia?

Imithetho yokunisela, ukusika izihlahla kanye nokufaka umquba izokuxoxwa ngezansi, kodwa kufanele futhi sinake ukunakekela isihlahla ebusika. Ekupheleni kwekwindla, isikhathi sokuphumula siqala, ngakho udinga ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa lomoya kuze kufike ku-7-12 ° C. Ukuze "ulale" brugmansiya, unakekele izinguquko zakhe, okuzobandakanya ukuchelela okungavamile, kodwa ukudla akukhipha ngokuphelele. Ungakhathazeki uma isihlahla sikhipha iphepha, kubhekwa njengokujwayelekile.

Umanyolo we-brugmansii

Ukufaka umanyolo isitshalo siphendula kahle, futhi kuyadingeka ukuba senze isikhathi, kusukela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kwehlobo. Engeza umanyolo njalo ngezinsuku ezingu-7-10. Kusukela kumanyolo kuncike ukuthi unamandla kangakanani nokuthi uzokhathala kangakanani. Ngisho noma izimo zokunakekelwa nokugcinwa kwazo zihlukile phakathi nonyaka, ebusika nasekwindla sekwephuzile awudingi ukusebenzisa izithako. Kusele ukuthi uthole ukuthi yini yokutshala i-brugmansiyu, ngakho-ke ungasebenzisa kokubili umquba omanzi futhi oqinile. Kungcono ukwedlula amanye amaminerali kanye nama-organic fertilizer, okwenza okuthandwa yi-phosphorus-potassium.

I-Brugmansia embizeni

Inhlabathi evundiwe kuyisimo esibalulekile sokukhula kahle nokuthuthukiswa kwesitshalo. Uma umhlaba ubomile, amaqabunga nezimbali ziyowa. Ukuze uthuthukise brugmansiya, ukutshala nokunakekelwa ehlobo kusho hhayi ukuchelela nsuku zonke kuphela, kodwa futhi siphofaza izikhathi 2-3 ngosuku. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuchelela kufanele kwenziwe uma ungqimba oluphezulu lwenhlabathi loma. Ukuze ukhule kahle brugmansiya ekhaya, udinga ukusika kabili ngesikhathi sasebusika. Lapho amabhethri avuliwe, khumbula ukuqapha umswakama, okungafanele ube ngaphansi kuka-75%.

I-Brugmansiya ukufakelwa kabusha

Lapho lesi sitshalo sikhula futhi amaqabunga aqala ukuma, ukuwafakelwa kwisitsha esikhulu, kungenjalo izinkinga zingase zenzeke. Ibhodlela elisha kufanele libe ngu-5 cm ububanzi kunalowo owedlule. Gcwalisa ithangi ngokukhipha kanye noqweqwe lwe-substrate efanelekile. Ukuze ukhule kahle imbali ye-brugmannia ngaphambi kokuba uyithuthele endaweni entsha, udinga ukususa amagatsha ambalwa aphansi ukuze uvuselele isihlahla. Kuhlala kuphela ukufaka isihlahla embizeni, engeza umthamo ogcwele wenhlabathi bese uthele kahle.

Brugmansiya - izihlahla

Uma ufuna ukubona ukuthi lesi sitshalo siqhakaza kanjani, khona-ke ukunakekelwa kufanele kubandakanye ukusika izihlahla, okuqaliswa ngokulandela imithetho:

1. Inqubo kufanele ibe ngoFebhuwari noma ekuqaleni kuka-Mashi. Uma isithombo semikhakha yokuqala singenayo indawo ephakeme yokukhula, ukusika izihlahla kuqala kwenziwa kuphela emva kokuqala kwezimbali.
2. Ukuphrinta akumele kuthinte amaphugi enziwe nge-Y.
3. Uma wenza ukunakekelwa okufanele, imbali ye-brugmannia kufanele ihlale inezinhlamvu ezincane, ama-knotty, ama-lateral. Zivunyelwe ukufinyezwa kuphela yi-1/3.
4. Ukusika izihlahla kuyenziwa kuphela ukuze kukhule kancane.

Brugmansiya - ukukhiqiza

Ukuze uthole esinye isitshalo, ungasebenzisa izindlela eziningana:

1. Cuttings. Ngesikhathi sokusika, kunamagatsha amaningi angaba yisisekelo sokuvuna izinto zokutshala. Ukusika i-brugmansii kungcono kakhulu okwenziwa ngamagatsha anamanothi ane-branching. Qinisekisa ukusika wonke amaqabunga. Ukuphela kokusika kuncibilikiswa ne "Kornevin" futhi kugxile emhlabathini owomile noma ufake emanzini. Lapho izimpande zivela, fakela ebhodweni elihle.
2. Izendlalelo zomoya. Ukuze ufeze le nqubo, kubalulekile ukuthatha isibhamu esithuthukile kahle eneminyaka eyodwa ubudala, lapho kuhlanganiswa khona ngendlela yokugubha. Ukujula akufanele kube mkhulu kune-trunk. Fafaza le ndawo nge "Kornevin" bese uyifaka nge- sphagnum emanzi. Faka "umkhono" we-polyethylene endaweni ye-cut and fasten with bands bands. Uma igatsha lishaya, sebenzisa ukusekelwa. Kubalulekile ukuthi ama-moss ahlale emanzi, uma eyomile, bese usebenzisa i-syringe yokuncelisa. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingu-1-1.5. Ukuqoqa inhlanzi kuyokwenzeka futhi ungahlala.
3. Imbewu. Imbewu yokutshala ayihlukile kwezinye izitshalo. Okokuqala, baphathe ngokukhula okukhuthazayo. I-Brugmansiya izokhula masinyane, ukutshala nokunakekelwa kuyo kuzobandakanya izinqubo ezinjalo: indawo yokukhosela ifilimu, ekudalweni kwezimo ze-hothouse, ukuchelela okuvamile nokushayela ngezikhathi ezithile.

Izifo ze-brugmansii kanye nokwelashwa

Ngokunakekelwa okungalungile, ungabhekana nezinye izinambuzane nezifo, okudingeka ulahleke ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ukuze imbali ingafi.

1. Abantu abanesithakazelo sokuthi kungani amaqabunga e-brugmansii aphuzi, kufanele bazi ukuthi lokhu kungasabela ekusebenzeni kwesicabucabu se- spider . Ngaphezu kwalokho, bayobe besaba futhi bephikisana. Isibonakaliso esicacile ukuthi kukhona kuwebhu. Ukuqeda inkathazo, yenza 3-4 ukwelapha nge-acaricidal ukulungiselela. Njengesilinganiso sokuvimbela, kunconywa ukuba uthathe ibhodlela emoyeni omusha, futhi uma ukushisa kunamandla, funa isihlahla.
2. I-Brugmansiya, ukufika nokunakekelwa okwenziwe ngaphandle kokuhambisana nemithetho, kungathinteka yi-gray rot noma i- powdery isikhutha . Kulesi simo, ukumboza okumhlophe noma okumpunga kubonakala emaqabunga nasefihlekile. Ukuze ukwelashwa, aphathe isitshalo nge fungicide. Inombolo yezokwelapha ikhethwe kuye ngokuthi ingakanani umonakalo, kodwa kufanele kube okungenani ezimbili.
3. Uma ukuchelela ngokweqile nokuguqulwa kwamanzi kagesi kuveza izimpande zokubola. Ukubhekana nalesi sifo, kubalulekile ukususa izimpande ezithintekile futhi uphathe imbali nge-fungicidal drug.