Isifo se-Alzheimer - izimbangela

Okwamanje, isifo se-Alzheimer sithinta abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-50 emhlabeni wonke. Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngezimbangela zesifo esibuzwayo nokuvimbela isifo se-Alzheimer ngesikhathi esincane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sibhala izinto eziningi ezithinta ukuqhubeka kwesifo.

Izimbangela Zezifo Zama-Alzheimer

Naphezu kwezinga eliphakeme lemithi yesimanje kanye nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obusha, akukho ukuqonda ngokuphelele ukuthi kungani ubuchopho buhlasela lesi sifo. Kunezintathu ezintathu eziyinhloko ezichaza ukuqala kwesifo:

1. I-hypothesis ye-amyloid . Ngokusho kwalolu hlobo lwesibindi sokuthuthukiswa kwesifo se-Alzheimer - ukufakwa kwesigqebhezana se-transmembrane protein okuthiwa i-beta amyloid. Ziyingxenye eyinhloko yamakhemikhali e-amyloid emathanjeni ebuchopho ngenkathi kuthuthukiswa lesi sifo. I-gene ye-APP, enomthwalo wokukhiqiza amaprotheni nge-beta-amyloid, itholakala kuma-chromosomes angu-21 futhi ikhuthaza ukuqoqwa kwama-amyloid ngisho nasesheni. Ngokuthakazelisayo, umuthi wokugoma wasungulwa eminyakeni eyishumi eyedlule, okwazi ukwehlukanisa ama-amyloid plaque emathisini ebuchopho. Kodwa, ngeshwa, umuthi awuzange uthinte ukubuyiswa kokuxhumeka kwemizwa nokusebenza okuvamile kobuchopho.
2. I-cholinergic hypothesis . Abalandeli bale mbono baveza ukuthi isifo se-Alzheimer kokubili abasha nabadala kubangelwa ukwehla okuphawulekayo ekwenzeni i-acetylcholine, i-neurotransmitter elawula ukudluliselwa kwamagesi kagesi kusuka emasukwini kuya emathunjini emisipha. Kule nguqulo, iningi lama-Alzheimer's disease regimens asekelwe, nakuba izifundo eziningi zibonise ukuthi ngisho nemithi eqinile kakhulu egcwalisa ukungabi nalutho kwe-acetylcholine ayisebenzi.
3. I-Tau-hypothesis . Le mbono ibaluleke kakhulu kuze kube yimanje futhi iqinisekiswa ngezifundo eziningi. Ngokusho kwakhe, ama-protein strands (tau amaprotheni) ahlangene, okuholela ekubunjweni kwezingxube ze-neurofibrillary ngaphakathi kwamangqamuzana omzimba ngamunye. Ukuqoqwa kwama-filaments okunjalo kuphazamisa uhlelo lokuthutha phakathi kwe-neurons, oluthinta ama-microtubules nokuvimbela ukusebenza kwawo.

Ngaphezu kwezihumusho eziyinhloko lapho kuvele khona lesi sifo, kunezinombolo eziningi zokucabanga okuhlukile okunesibindi esilula. Omunye wabo usekelwe ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi isifo se-Alzheimer sizuzwa njengefa. Ucwaningo lwezokwelapha lubonisa ukuthi le nguqulo ayinakuvinjelwa: ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo ekuqaleni kwesifo esibuzwayo kutholakala ngamacala angu-10% kuphela.

Ungakugwema kanjani i-Alzheimer's?

Ngaphandle kokuzimisela okunembile kwezizathu, kungokwemvelo kunzima ukuthuthukisa ukwelashwa okwanele kanye nezinyathelo zokuvimbela isifo se-Alzheimer's. Noma kunjalo, ochwepheshe batusa ukunamathela ekudleni okunempilo, okunengqondo, enikeza isikhathi sokulinganisela ngokomzimba nokulondoloza umsebenzi wengqondo ngisho nalapho behlala.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwaziwa ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwe-beta-amyloid kungancishiswa ukudla ama-apula kanye nomshukela we-apula. Futhi, ezinye izifundo eminyakeni emibili eyedlule zibonise ukuthi ingozi yokuthuthukisa isifo se-Alzheimer isinciphile ngenxa yokudla kwaseMedithera , ecebile ngama-acids ama-polyunsaturated, ama-phosphorus kanye nohlamvu oluphelele. I-Vitamin D , eyenziwa ngesikhumba esithinta ukukhanya kwelanga, ibuye igweme izifo zalesi sifo.

Kumele uqaphele ukuthi ikhofi yemvelo, yakamuva engavunyelwe ngokungafanele ekudleni kwabantu abaningi, inomthelela omuhle kunabo bonke ekusebenzeni kobuchopho futhi iyisihlobo sokuvimbela lesi sifo esibucayi.