Kuyini ukuphefumula futhi yiziphi izingozi zalesi sifo esiyinkimbinkimbi? Njalo ngonyaka, amacala angu-800 kubantu abangu-1 000 abhalisiwe emhlabeni. Ukudla okunomsoco, ukusetshenziswa kabi kotshwala, izinga eliphezulu lokucindezeleka - konke lokhu kunemiphumela emibi kuma-pancreas.
Iyini i-pancreatitis futhi iyingozi kangakanani?
I-Pancreatitis yiqembu lezifo ezinezibonakaliso ezithile kanye nezici ze-syndromes. Ekuhunyushweni kusuka ku-dr.-greek πάγκρεας - i-pancreas + lat. -isifo - ukuvuvukala kwamaphancasi. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zalesi sifo, futhi ngasinye sinomthelela ongasongela ukuphila komuntu. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi yi-pancreatitis, nokuthi ngabe iyingozi, kubalulekile ukucabangela ukuthi yikuphi umthwalo osebenzayo ama-pancreas athwalayo.
Imisebenzi yomzimba:
- Umsebenzi we-Exocrine noma wangaphandle we-secretory. Ukukhiqizwa kwama-enzyme yokugaya ukudla: i-trypsin, i-chemotripsin, i-amylase ne-pancreatic lipase. Ama-enzyme anciphisa ijusi esiswini esiswini futhi ayadingeka ukuze kutholakale ukudla, amaprotheni, amafutha kanye nama-carbohydrate avela nokudla.
- Umsebenzi womuntu. Umthethonqubo wevolumu ye-jercetic pancreatic ijusi emalini lapho kutholakala khona ukukhishwa okukhulu kwezinto.
- Umsebenzi we-Endocrine. Iziqhingi zamaLangerhans, ezitholakala ezinhlobonhlobo eziningi phakathi kwama-pancreas lobules, zikhiqiza abathintekayo be-hormone: i-glucagon ne-insulin, elawula umzimba we-carbohydrate metabolism. I-glucagon yenza kube nokwanda kweglucose egazini, i-insulin - ukwehla.
I-pancreatitis enhle - iyini?
Ngemuva kwemikhosi eminingi ngesikhathi samaholide nokuphuza utshwala, ukudla okunzima, inani elikhulu labantu lizofunda ukuthi yi-pancreatitis ephikisayo ayiyona into ezwayo. Lesi sifo sisendaweni yesithathu phakathi kwezinye izifo zesisu esiswini, enikeza isundu ku-cholecystitis ne-appendicitis. Amadoda athambekele ekuvuvukala kaningi kunabesifazane. Ukuze i-pancreatitis enzima ibhekwe nokufa okuphezulu - kuze kube ngu-15% kuzo zonke izimo.
I-Etiology ye-pancreatitis enzima:
- ukusetshenziswa ngendlela ehlelekile yotshwala;
- Ukulutha kokudla okulimazayo (usawoti, amafutha, okubabayo, okumnandi);
- ezinye izifo zofuzo (i-cystic fibrosis);
- ukusetshenziswa kwesikhathi eside kwezidakamizwa ezinomthelela onobuthi kuma-pancreas (ama-hormone, i-thiazide diuretics);
- izinqubo zokuvuvukala zesistimu yokugaya ukudla;
- ukutheleleka kwegciwane kanye ne-baktheriya (parotitis, mycoplasma ).
Phakathi nokuthuthukiswa kwezinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi, imisebenzi eyisisekelo ye-gland iyaphula: ama-enzyme namahomoni, ngokuvamile ayekhiqizwa ifomu elingasebenzi (ukuqaliswa kwenzeka enkundleni yokugaya), ngokuzumayo uqale ukusebenze ngqo kwi-pancreatic ngokwayo, okubangela inqubo yokugaya izingxube ze-gland. Thuthukisa ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala.
Iyini i-pancreatitis engapheli?
I-pancreatitis engapheli ukuvuvukala okuqhubekayo kwamaphakresi. Le nqubo ihambisana nokuvinjwa okwanele kwama-enzyme, izinguquko ezingenakuguqulwa ku-parenchyma yelungu, ukugubha nokusabalala kwezicubu ezinamafutha. Ukwandisa ukucindezeleka okungapheli kwenzeka ngokumelene nesizinda sokucindezeleka, ngokuphazamiseka kwemizwa.
Izimbangela zesifo:
- Izifo zamathumbu;
- ukushisa kwesibindi B no-C, umkhuhlane we-typhoid , i-parotitis;
- i-atherosclerosis ;
- helminthic invasions;
- ukudakwa ngezinto ezinobungozi, ukudla okungalungile;
- utshwala .
I-pancreatymal pancreatitis - iyini?
Kulezi zinhlanzi ezinamahlombe we-parenchyma (izicubu ze-pancreatic) ukufihla ama-hormone nama-enzyme kwenzeka, ngakho-ke uma kuphakama umbuzo: yikuphi ukuphazamiseka kwe-parenchymal - kungaphendulwa ukuthi lesi sifo esivamile kakhulu se-pancreatic. Izinqubo ezenzeka ku-parenchymatous pancreatitis:
- ukwephulwa kobuciko bomdanso, ngenxa ye-edema;
- ukwehla kwe-insulin synthesis;
- Izinguquko ze-pathological ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla;
- lapho i-parenchyma ithinteka yi-80% - ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo sikashukela .
I-pancreatitis esebenzayo - iyini?
Isikhathi sokuqala esibhekene nalesi sifo, umuntu unemibuzo eminingi: yikuphi ukuphefumula okusebenzayo, ingabe ukugula kuyingozi empilweni nokuthi uyayiphulukisa kanjani? I-pancreatitis esebenzayo yisimo esibi. Phakathi kochwepheshe kubhekwa njengendlela elula, engenakho ukulungiswa. Ngokuvame ukwenzeka ngokumelene nesizinda sezifo zesisu, isibindi kanye ne-gallbladder, emathunjini. Isici esibalulekile esenza ukuvela kwe-pancreatitis esebenzayo kudla kakhulu futhi kudle ukudla okunamafutha.
I-Psevdotumorozny pancreatitis - iyini?
Lolu hlobo lwe-pathology lensimbi luvame ukubizwa ngokuthi inqubo yokuzibulala-ngculaza, ngoba izinqubo ezenzeka egangeni zifana ne-oncology. I-Psevdotumorozny pancreatitis ye-pancreas ngokusho kwezibalo kutholakala kuzo zonke izikhathi ezingu-10, phakathi kwalabo abathintekile nge-pancreatitis, kaningi emadodeni. Isizathu esiyinhloko saleso sifo yisikhathi eside sokudakwa ngokweqile.
Iyini i-pancreatitis ye-biliary?
I-Pancreas - ukuvuvukala kwayo nge-pancreatitis ye-biliary, kwenzeka ekuxhumeni okude nezifo zesibindi kanye ne-gallbladder. Ukuhlolwa kweziguli ezinjalo kuye kwabonisa ukuthi kuma-60% wamacala we-cholelithiasis, isifo esithintekayo siyisifo esingapheli se-biliary pancreatitis. Izimbangela zesifo:
- izifo ze-biliary tract ezithambile zendlavu ezasakazwa emaphakheni;
- ukudluliswa kwe-bile emadayini we-pancreatic kubangela ukulimala kwezicubu namadaysi we-gland.
Nakhu okushiwo yi-biliary pancreatitis:
- ubuhlungu obukhulu njenge-colic;
- i-icteric sclera;
- isisulu segesi elimanzi.
Izinkinga ezivela kulesi sifo:
- ukwehluleka kwesibindi esikhulu;
- ukushaqeka;
- ukuphuma kwamathumbu;
- i-necrosis ye-pancreatic.
I-pancreatitis ebalalayo - iyini?
I-pancreatitis ebalalayo yinye uhlobo lwesifo lapho ama-pancreas avuvuka khona. I-Pancreatitis ivela ngokuyinhloko ngemva kweminyaka engu-50 ngemuva kokushintsha kokubunjwa kwejusi le-gland, i-calcium usawoti eqala ukuqoqa kuyo, ekwakheni i-calculi encane yesayizi encane. Izimpawu zesifo:
- ukuqotshwa;
- ubuhlungu ku-hypochondrium noma emanzini;
- izinhlanzi ezinamafutha;
- ukujuluka okukhulu;
- ukwanda kwe-asidi yesisu;
- ukulahlekelwa phansi kwesisindo.
I-Necrosis ye-pancreas - iyini?
Ukucindezeleka kokuphefumula kungaholela ekutholeni inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi ye-pancreatic necrosis, lapho i-gland iguqulwa khona nokufa kwezicubu ezilandelayo. Ezimweni ezingama-70%, kutholakala ezigulini eziphuza utshwala, ezinye izimbangela zifanayo ezibangelwa ukuqhuma kwe-pancreatitis emangalisa futhi engapheli. Izimpawu ze-necrosis ye-pancreatic:
- ubuhlungu obuqinile, obungenakubekezeleleka;
- ukuhlanza umthombo ongabhubhisi;
- ama-cyanotic amabala ezinhlangothini (isibonakaliso seGrey-Turner);
- ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokulunywa.
Ukuvuvukala ama-pancreas - izimpawu
I-Symptomatics nezibonakaliso zokuvuvukala kwe-pancreatic esigabeni esiyinkinga kuxhomeke kwizinga lobukhulu:
- Ifomu elikhanyayo. Ukunqotshwa kwe-pancreas kanye ne-digestive tract akufanelekile. Ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa, i-edema ye-interstitial ibonakala. Izimpawu zesifo se-Dyspeptic (ukubhula, ukushaya inhliziyo). I-syndrome yezinhlungu isilinganisa: yendawo ye-epigastrium, e-hypochondrium engakwesokunxele. Ubunjani bobuhlungu bugcwele, ne-irradiation ngemuva. I-jaundice sclera.
- Ifomu elinamandla. Izimpawu zokuphefumula: ubuhlungu obunzima, bubi kakhulu esikhundleni sesiguli ngemuva. I-nausea, ukuhlanza kwe-bile. Ukushisa okuphezulu.
Izimo ezinzima ze-pancreatitis enzima, ukulimala okwandayo:
- i-necrosis ye-pancreatic nokutheleleka kwezicubu ze-gland ze-peripancreatic;
- i-abscess ye-pancreatic (i-pus iqoqa kuma-pancre nezitho eziseduze).
Izinqubo ezingapheli ezenzeka emaphaketheni, ngokungafani nezinqubo eziyingozi - zivame ukwenzeka ngokuziqhenya futhi zingenakulinganiswa kuze kube yisikhathi esithile, kanti izinguquko zangaphakathi zimbi kakhulu, zingabangela ukuqala kwesifo sikashukela. Izimpawu ezingapheli ze-pancreatitis ngesikhathi sokukhubeka, okubalulekile ukubheka:
- ubuhlungu bebhande le-paroxysmal elinamandla okuhluka kusukela ebuthakathaka kuya eqinile;
- i-reflux esophagitis - ngenxa yokunciphisa i-sphincter engezansi ye-esophagus, okuqukethwe kwe-gastric kubuyela esiteshini, okuhambisana nokubhekwa, ukuqubuka kwenhliziyo;
- isifo sohudo esivamile esiphunga elimnandi;
- ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo esibukhali;
- ukuvela kwama-angiomas esikhumbeni.
Ukuvuvukala kwe-pancreas - ukwelashwa
Ngemuva kokuxilongwa ngokugcwele nokuqinisekiswa kwesifo, udokotela wokuqala umsebenzi wakhe ukutshela isiguli: yini ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, yiziphi izinkinga ezikhona zesifo esingaba khona. Ukwelashwa kukhethwe ngokucabangela izici zomuntu ngamunye kanye neminyaka yesiguli. Indlela yokuphatha ukucindezeleka, kuncike ezintweni eziningana:
- inqubo enzima noma engavamile;
- ukutholakala kwezifo ezithintekayo;
- ukubekezelelana kwezidakamizwa ngabanye.
Indlela yokukhulula ukuvuvukala kwe-pancreatic?
Ubani okungenani owake wabhekana nobuhlungu ngokuvuvukala kwamaphancasi, wazi ukuthi yi-pancreatitis. Ukuhlaselwa kwe-pancreatitis kuyisifo esibuhlungu kakhulu futhi esiqeda amandla. Akunconywa ukususa ukuvuvukala kwedwa, kodwa kunamacala lapho ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha kungatholakali, futhi kubalulekile ukwenza okuthile ukunciphisa isimo. Usizo lokuqala lwe-pancreatitis:
- ukuphumula futhi akukho ukunyakaza okungazelelwe, thatha ukumiswa kombungu;
- iqhwa phezu kwe-hypochondrium;
- indlala;
- ukungena kwamanzi ezinhlangothini ezincane njalo ngemva kwesigamu sehora (lapho uphuza uhlanza, izingxenye ezimbili zezipuni zidakwa);
- Thatha ithebhulethi ye-Drotaverine hydrochloride, njengendlela yokukhetha umjovo we-No-shpy 0.8 mg.
Ukwelashwa kwe-pancreatitis engapheli
Ukwelapha ukuvuvukala kwamaphutha ekhaya kungaholela emiphumeleni engenakuqhathaniswa. Ngesikhathi ukwanda kwesifo esingelapheki se-pancreatitis kwenziwa esibhedlela. Esinye sezimo ezibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni isimo sesiguli ukudla okunamandla ekuphefumuleni. Ukwelashwa kwenqubo engapheli kuhlanganisa inhlanganisela yezidakamizwa:
- ama-antibiotic amaningi (i-Ampicillin, i-Gentamicin) enezifo ezithintekayo;
- i-antihistamine (i-Dimedrol, i-Suprastin) - umphumela omuhle wokwehlisa umzimba;
- i-antispasmodics (Ayikho-sppa, i-Papaverina hydrochloride) - phumula futhi unciphise ukucindezela emiphakathini yesikhumba;
- amalungiselelo okukhulelwa (Gordoks, Katrikal) - ukucindezela umsebenzi we-enzymes of trypsin, i-chemotripsin ne-amylase;
- ama-analgesics (i-Analgin, i- Baralgin );
- i-cytostatics (i-cyclophosphamide) ne-pancreatitis engapheli.
Yini ongayidla nge-pancreatitis?
Ukudla ngokuphazamiseka kwe-pancreatic kuyisihluthulelo sokwelashwa okuphumelelayo nokunciphisa izinqubo zokuvuvukala phakathi kwamasonto amabili. Imenyu ye-pancreatitis isekelwe ekudleni okuwusizo futhi okukhiphayo, okukhanyayo nomhlabathi. Ukudla okunconywe nezitsha zokuphefumula:
- casseroles ngaphandle kwamafutha;
- ama-meatballs ashubile ayenziwa ngamafutha aphansi namahloni;
- wafaka imifino emanzini;
- amazambane ahlambulukile;
- iphalishi (irayisi, i-oats, i-buckwheat);
- i-fat kefir ephansi;
- i-compotes yezithelo ezomile;
- jellied amajikijolo;
- ama-apula abikiwe;
- isinkwa sezinkwa.