Ukuze ukhule utamatisi, kubalulekile ukwenza imizamo eminingi kusukela ekuqaleni: ukukhetha imbewu efanele, ukukhulisa izithombo kubo, ukutshala izithombo emhlabathini, amanzi nokudla izitshalo. Futhi ngelinye ilanga, lapho, kubonakala sengathi, lihlala kuphela ekuvuniwe, ngokuzumayo uthola ukuthi amahlumela omutamatisi aqala ukuma, futhi izithelo ezivuthiwe ngokwazo ziye zaphenduka zaba mnyama. Lokhu kwenzeka kanjani? Kungani utamatisi obuluhlaza emhlabathini ovulekile nasebusini obuncithakalo, lokhu kubamba ukushisa okwenzani?
Kungase kube nezizathu eziningana zalokhu. Lokhu kungase kube ukubola okwegrey noma i- vertex , okwenzeka lapho kuntuleka kwamanye amaminerali, ikakhulukazi, i-calcium. Ngaphezu kwalokho, utamatisi ubumnyama emathunzini ngenxa ye-asidi eyanda emhlabathini. Ungase ube "nesisindo" sitshalo ngamanyolo aqukethe nitrogen. Kodwa ngokuvamile utamatisi uphenduka omnyama uma unesifo se- phytophthora - isifo se-fungal esisakaze eminye imifino, kuhlanganise namazambane.
Ngokushesha ngokushesha, ukulimala kwelanga kusenesikhathi kuvula, isimo sezulu esimanzi. Ekuqaleni, lesi sifo sibonakala emaqabunga e-utamatisi: ingxenye engaphezulu ihlanganiswe nezindawo ezimnyama, kanti okuphansi - ngeqhwa elimhlophe. Ngokuhamba kancane, amaqabunga e-utamatisi aphenduka abamnyama, bese kuthi izithelo eziluhlaza ziqala ukunyamalala. Ngezinye izikhathi kungase kubonakale ukuthi i-phytophthora ayizange ishaye izithelo, kodwa njengoba ikhula, izindawo ezibomvu zivela kubo, utamatisi ujikeleza ngaphakathi futhi ayisasetshenziswa.
Lesi sifo siqala ukusakazeka ngokukhethekile ngoJulayi-Agasti, lapho kubonakala ukuqhuma, amazolo amaningi aphuma, umehluko phakathi kwamazinga okushisa emini nasemini.
Izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukulimala kwekwephuzile
Ukuvimbela i-phytophthora kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokuba kubonakale ensimini yakho. Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukugcina ukushintshanisa kwezitshalo endaweni yakho: akukho cala kufanele utshale utamatisi emva kwamazambane noma eduze kwawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuhambisana nobumbano obuhle bokutshala utamatisi, ukhula ukhula njalo, ususe wonke amaqabunga ogulayo noma aphelile.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze kuvinjelwe izifo zetamatisi ngesikhathi sokungena futhi zibophe izinyosi zezinhlobo ezide. Kulesi simo, kusukela emhlabathini kuya emaqabungeni aphansi esitshalo kufanele kube ngaphansi kwamamitha ayishumi nanhlanu. Ku-crone thinned, kuyoba nomoya okwanele, okuzovimbela ukuvela kwezifo ze-fungal.
Ungaphinde wenze ukugcinwa kwamakhemikhali okuvimbela ukuphuza okusabalalisa utamatisi: emva kokuchichima, uphathe utamatisi oluhlaza nge-Acrobat, i-Metaxyl noma i-Zaslon izixazululo. Khona-ke, njengoba amahlumela ekhula utamatisi, kufanele aphathwe ngesisombululo saso noma iyiphi ye-fungicides, efaka ithusi.
Eyaziwa kakhulu yindlela ethandwayo - ukubopha isitshalo se-utamatisi ngethusi lethusi endaweni ephakeme ye-15 cm emhlabathini. Ama-nutrients azokhuphuka esiqwini futhi athathe i-ion ye-copper, ekhonza njengesithintelo ekuthuthukiseni izifo ze-fungal.
Kuthiwani uma utamatisi uphenduka omnyama?
Uma, naphezu kwazo zonke izinyathelo zokuvimbela, amaqabunga asomile kulawo utamatisi, futhi izeluleko zezithelo ziphenduka abamnyama ukusuka ngezansi, ngakho-ke udinga ukuqala ngokushesha umzabalazo wokuphepha kwesitshalo. Ukuze wenze lokhu, khetha enye yezinsuku ezigqamile bese uphefa izihlahla zamatamatisi ngesisombululo se-calcium chloride noma nje ngesisombululo se-saline efudumele. On the film utamatisi usawoti, okuyinto uyovikela ephilile
Ngemuva kokuthi kunamvula, ufafaza izitshalo ezigulayo ngesisombululo se-1% se-Bordeaux fluids, esingenanga emzimbeni ngokwawo, ngakho-ke emzimbeni womuntu ngeke uwe.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezindlela zokulwa nokulimala okuphelile. Ungaphatha utamatisi obusika nge-gellic infusion, ingxube ye-yogurt noma ubisi obomvu ngamanzi.
Sika futhi ubhubhise ngokuphelele utamatisi obonakalisiwe ezihlabayo, futhi usike green izithelo. Ngaphambi kokubeka utamatisi onjalo ekuvuthweni, kumele baphathwe ngamanzi ashisayo ekushiseni okufika ku-70 ° C.