Uma sisho igama elithi "umholi", sicabanga ukuthi umuntu onokwethenjelwa, onqunyiwe onegunya elingenakuphikwa. Ngokuvamile, lo mdwebo ubuhle kakhulu, kodwa kungani abaholi bengenzi ngendlela efanayo? Konke mayelana nezinhlobo ezahlukene zobuholi abasebenzisa. Kunezinhlawulo eziningana zamafomu okubonakaliswa kwezimfanelo zobuholi, sizocubungula okubili okuvame kakhulu.
Uhlobo lobuholi beDemocratic and authoritarian
Ngokuvamile, ukwahlukana kusetshenziswa ngokuphathelene nomholi kubangaphansi. Ngalesi sisekelo, izinhlobo zobuholi zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili amakhulu:
- Isitayela sokugunyaza . Wonke amandla agxila ezandleni zomholi, yena wedwa ukhetha imigomo futhi ukhetha izindlela zokuzifeza. Phakathi kwamalungu eqenjini lokukhulumisana alincane, futhi lilawulwa umholi. Isikhali esiyisisekelo yisisongo sokujeziswa, ukuchithwa kanye nokwesaba. Lesi sitayela sisindisa isikhathi, kodwa sidedela isinyathelo sabasebenzi ababa ngabadlali abanobuciko.
- Uhlobo lobuholi beDemocratic . Abaningi abacwaningi bayakubona ukuthi kungcono kakhulu. Njengoba ukuziphatha kwabaholi abanjalo kuvame ukuhlonipha amalungu eqembu. Abangaphansi banethuba lokuthatha isinyathelo, kodwa umthwalo wabo wemfanelo uyanda. Imininingwane iyatholakala eqenjini.
I-Typology ye-Weber
Ukuhlelwa, okuhlongozwa nguMe Weber, kuhlonishwa yonke indawo namuhla. Wabheka ubuholi ikhono lokunikeza imiyalo, okwenza ukulalela. Ukuze kufezeke lokhu, abaholi basebenzisa izinsiza ezahlukene, kuye ngokuthi izinhlobo zani, izinyathelo zokuziphatha, zendabuko kanye nezomthetho zombuso zikhishwa.
- Uhlobo lwendabuko . It isekelwe emikhosini, amasiko kanye namandla umkhuba. Ukudluliswa kwamandla kudlula ngokuzalwa, umholi uba njalo ngokuzalwa kwesokudla.
- Uhlobo olusemthethweni ngokomthetho . Lapha, amandla asekelwe kusethi yezinkambiso zomthetho eziqashelwa abanye. Umholi ukhethwe ngokuhambisana nalezi zinkambiso, ezilawula futhi izenzo ezitholakalayo kuye.
- Uhlobo lobuholi lobuholi . Isisekelo yinkolelo yokuphela komuntu noma ukukhetha kwakhe uNkulunkulu. I-Charisma iyinhlanganisela yezimfanelo zangempela zobuntu kanye nalabo umholi ovumela abalandeli bakhe. Ngokuvamile, ukuzimela komholi kudlala indima kule nqubo.
Kulula nje, lezi zinhlobo zobuholi zisekelwe kumkhuba, isizathu noma imizwelo. U-Weber wayekholelwa ukuthi injini enkulu yentuthuko isitayela sokuphatha ngokuzikhethela, ngoba nje asixhunyiwe esidlule futhi singanikela okuthile okusha. Kodwa ezinkathini ezinokuthula, ubuholi obungokomthetho-zomthetho buyoba ngcono.