Izifo ezithandwa kakhulu, ezinesimo segciwane, ukukhwabanisa kwenzeka ngokwesilinganiso kubantu abayi-15 kubo bonke abayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu. Igciwane elibangela lesi sifo lingomndeni odumile we-herpesviruses futhi yi-agent causative yenkukhu yenkukhu .
Kuyini ama-shingles?
I-Herpes zoster (okuthiwa isifo, ngokuhambisana ne-pathogen), ivela ku-Greek ἕρπειν ( herpein ) (ukukhwabanisa, ukukhahlela) no-ζωστηρ (ibhande, ibhande). Lesi sifo sibonakala ngokubonakala kwezinto ezibonakalayo esikhumbeni (ikakhulukazi esifundeni se-trunk), ezihambisana ne-syndrome yobuhlungu kanye ne-malaise jikelele. Ingozi yalesi sifo iwukuthi ingabangela ezinye, izifo ezingekho ngaphansi. Ama-shingles, isithombe esingabonakala ngezansi, sibonakala ngesimo sezingxube ezithandayo.
Ama-shingles - i-agent ye-causative
Igciwane elibangela lesi sifo libizwa ngokuthi i-herpes zoster futhi liyi-agent causative yenkukhu, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi umuntu oye waba nenkukhu engaphephile futhi angaba nesibindi, uhlobo oluhluke kakhulu kunalo lwezinkukhu. I-Herpes yohlobo lwe-3 ivame ukubonwa ebuntwaneni, kanti uhlobo lwe-herpes zoster lubonakala kamuva njengokuphindaphinda.
Ingabe i-zoster igciwane noma cha?
Ukuze bazivikele ezifweni ngangokunokwenzeka, abaningi banesithakazelo ukuthi i-herpes zoster iyasakazeka yini futhi lesi senzo sinelungelo eliphelele. Ngakho-ke, kubantu ababenenkinga yokukhukhumeza inkukhu, bazothola igciwane lesiguli ngamagundane. Nokho, ngenxa yokuthi abantu abaningi banesandulela-ngculazi esincane ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, amathuba okutheleleka akhula. Kuleli qembu kunezelwa iqembu labantu abaye bafumana i-herpes, kodwa umzimba awubanga ukuzivikela okufanelekile futhi ama-shingles kubo angadlula ku-othwala njengokutheleleka kabusha.
Ngakho, lesi sifo sidluliselwa kanjani futhi nini?
- Kokubili ezinganeni nakubantu abadala, ama-shingles angadluliselwa uma engakaze abe nesibindi.
- Izingane zivame ukuthatha inkukhu lapho uxhumana nomuntu onamaphutha.
- Njengoba igciwane lesandulela ngculaza elibiziwe, ingozi yokutheleleka ikhula izikhathi eziningana.
- Isifo esithathelwanayo yisifo kuphela esiteji lapho ama-vesicles ehlanzekile, uma ehlanganiswa ne-crust - igciwane liphephile.
I-Tinea - Izinhlobo
Uma sicabangela isifo esinjalo esingathandeki njengesiqhwaga kumuntu, abaningi banesithakazelo embuzweni wokuthi ngabe lokhu kuyakulahla izinhlobo namafomu. Lolu hlobo lwe-lichen alunawo ama-subspecies noma amafomu, kodwa mhlawumbe ulwazi mayelana nezinhlobo ezikhona ze-lichen kanye nezici zazo zizoba usizo. Ngakho-ke, i-lichen itholakala ezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukahlukene, phakathi kwazo okuvame kakhulu:
- i-herpes zoster (herpes);
- I-Ringworm;
- pink ilahla, noma ilahle uZhibera;
- umbala wokunciphisa ;
- amhlophe (i-solar) herpes;
- lichen elibomvu flat ;
- scaly lichen.
Izikhwama - izizathu
Ukwaziswa lapho i-herpes (shingles) evela khona ingaba usizo kuwo wonke umuntu ongathanda ukuzivikela futhi azivikele e-herpes zoster. Ngezici eziningi izimbangela zalesi sifo zingaba khona kwezinye izinkinga zezempilo, phakathi kwazo:
- Ukunciphisa ukuzivikela komzimba (ukukhubazeka komzimba kanye nokunciphisa kwayo ngeminyaka kuvame ukudala isifo, izibalo zithi abantu asebekhulile bayaphatha inkinga yezimpungushe kaningi ngokuphindaphindiwe kunezinye izigaba zeminyaka);
- izinkinga ze-autoimmune nama-immunodeficiencies;
- isifo sikashukela mellitus ;
- i-oncology, i-chemotherapy ethuthukile kanye nokwelashwa kwemisebe;
- abathwali bokutheleleka nge-HIV ;
- ukuguqulwa komzimba kanye nokufakelwa kwamathambo;
- izifo ezingelapheki (isifo sofuba, ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, i-cirrhosis, i-hepatitis, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo);
- ukulimala, ikakhulukazi ezinzima.
Kunezinhlobo ezithile zezici ezithile zokuqala nezifundo zesifo.
- Esiqenjini esengozini abantu bathatha i-glucocorticosteroids, okuvimbela umsebenzi wokuzivikela emzimbeni.
- Ezimweni lapho umuntu enesandulela ngculazi okokuqala, angase abe nezimpawu zesifo kanye nenkukhu kanye ne-herpes zoster.
- Kubantu abasha nabanobuchopho, ingozi yokugula igxila nje ngokuzikhandla ngokweqile ngokomzimba, ukucindezeleka okukhulu kanye ne-hypothermia.
- Emaqenjini ezingane, inkukhu isifo sezinkukhu singenzeka ngokuxhumana okusheshayo nomuntu omdala ohlukunyezwa yi-herpes zoster.
Izindwangu - izimpawu
I-Herpes zoster, izimpawu esichaza ngezansi, yisifo esihambisana nezimpawu ezingathandeki kakhulu futhi sidinga indlela efanele yokwelapha. Ngakho-ke, izimpawu ezisemqoka ze-herpes zoster kanye nezinguquko enhlalakahleni kusihlwa sesifo yilesi:
- ubuthakathaka, ukukhathala;
- ikhanda;
- ukuphazamiseka kwesifo;
- izikhukhula nomkhuhlane;
- uma kukhona ama-bubbles - ubuhlungu be-neuralgic nokuxubha endaweni yezingqimba.
Izikhwama - ukushisa
Isifo esinjalo, njengama-shingles kumuntu obonisa izimpawu zakhe, ngaso sonke isikhathi uhambisana nokuhlukumeza isikhumba esibuhlungu. Ukuqhuma nalesi sifo kubonakala ngendlela yamapulules, etholakala kwisisekelo se-hypermic and infiltrated. Ngokuyinhloko izindawo ezisezindaweni zendawo yizindawo zokulondolozwa kwezintambo eziphakathi kwezintathu kanye ne-intercostal nererve.
Amapuleti we-herpes zoster (lichen) ngokushesha (okwesikhashana nesigamu kuya kwezinsuku ezimbili) aphenduka amabhalintshi nama-vesicles ahlukumezayo, okushesha abe ama-pustules. Khona-ke ukuqhuma kuhlanganiswe ne-crust ekhishwa izinsuku ezingu-10-24 zesifo. Ngemuva kokubheka, izindawo zokuziphatha ze-hypopigmentation zihlala. Ukuvuthwa ngokuvamile kuyanyamalala ngokuphelele isikhathi semasonto amabili kuya kwamane, kodwa ubuhlungu bungase buqhubeke isikhathi eside.
Ubuhlungu nge-shingles
Uma sicabangela izibonakaliso ze-herpes zoster kumuntu, kubalulekile ukutshela ukuthi ubuhlungu buhambisana nalesi sifo bunjani. Nge-herpes zoster, izinhlungu ziyi-herpes-ezihlobene, ezinezigaba ezintathu:
- bukhali;
- subacute;
- okungapheliyo.
Zonke lezi zici zinezici zazo ezihlukile.
- I-neuralgia eqondile ibonakala cishe ngenyanga phakathi nesikhathi esidingekayo ukuxazulula ukuqhuma. Lesi simo sihambisana nobuhlungu, ukushisa, ukugubha. Ubuhlungu bungadlwengula, bukhuni, bube futhi bube nomuntu ohlala unomphela noma we-paroxysmal.
- I-suracute neuralgia ivele ngokushesha ngemuva kokumnandi, futhi ingahlala izinyanga ezintathu.
- I-neuralgia engapheli ihlala izinyanga ezingaphezu kwezinyanga ezine futhi ingaqhubeka isikhathi eside, kwezinye izimo, iminyaka.
I-Herpes zoster - ukuxilongwa
Njengomthetho, ukuhlaziywa kwe-herpes zoster kunqunyelwe abesifazane besifazane abakhulelwe ngenxa yengozi yokukhipha isisu, ukuzalwa kwengane efile kanye nokuhlukumezeka okuhlukile kokuzalwa (ukuphuza kwengqondo, ukulimala kwezitho zombono, ukukhula kancane) uma kwenzeka isifo senkukhu ngesikhathi sokuxhumana ne-HIV. Kwezinye izimo, ukuqinisekiswa kokuxilongwa kwenziwa nge-laboratory tests, nakuba i-herpes zoster inezibonakaliso ezinjalo zokuthi ubufakazi obuningi be-laboratory abudingi.
Izindwangu - ukwelashwa
Umbuzo ozwakalayo ukwedlula ukwelapha izidakamizwa udinga ukutadisha okuningiliziwe, ngoba imithi ayimi futhi izidakamizwa eziye zasebenza empeleni zingakunika indlela entsha, ephephile futhi ephumelelayo. Kanye nezindlela zendabuko zokwelashwa, abantu abaningi basebenzisa izindlela zokwelapha zendabuko, kodwa kunengqondo ukwenza lokhu ngemuva kokubonisana nodokotela.
Indlela yokuphatha izibungu kubantu - izidakamizwa
Kubalulekile ukwazi indlela yokwelapha i-herpes zoster ukuze ukwelashwa kuphumelele ngangokunokwenzeka. Kungase kubonakale kungavamile, kodwa uma umuntu enempilo futhi engenayo izifo ezingapheli, khona-ke ukwelashwa kwegesi lokukhipha akudingeki, kodwa udokotela noma kunjalo kufanele afake isicelo. Izidakamizwa, ezivame ukushiwo kule nkinga - abahlukumezi, phakathi kwazo:
- I-Paracetamol ;
- Ibuprofen;
- I-Naproxen.
Ezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi, lokhu okulandelayo kungabelwa:
- I-Gabapentin;
- Pregabalin;
- amalungiselelo eqembu lama-anti-depressants, isibonelo, i-Amitriptyline;
- izidakamizwa eziphikisana nezidakamizwa (Olfen, Diklak, Ketoprofen nabanye).
Ngaphezu kwezidakamizwa kanye nezidakamizwa eziphikisanayo, imithi yama-antiviral ingahle ibekiwe, eyenzelwe ukuvimbela izinkinga nokukhuthaza ukuphulukiswa kokuqala kwezilonda. Lezi yizilungiselelo:
- I-Acyclovir:
- I-Penciclovir;
- I-Valaciclovir;
- I-Famciclovir.
Izindwangu - izindlela zomuntu zokwelapha
Imithi yendabuko inikeza izindlela zokupheka eziningi, okumele kwenziwe ukuthi kuvunyelwe nodokotela. I-herpes zoster virus, okwelashwa kwayo isikhathi eside futhi evame ukubuhlungu, idinga indlela efanele futhi isebenzise njalo izindlela zokwelapha. Imithi yokwelapha inikeza izindlela zokupheka eziningi, phakathi kwazo esizikhethele kakhulu.
I-Ginger root tincture
Izithako:
- i-rhizome ye-ginger - 150 g;
- i-vodka - 800 ml.
Ukulungiselela nokusebenzisa
- Thela impahla eluhlaza nge-vodka bese ushiya ukuhambisa endaweni emnyama.
- Okuqukethwe komkhumbi kumele kugwedezwe ngezikhathi ezithile. Emasontweni amabili, ikhambi lizolungele.
- Ukuze uphuze i-ginger tincture udinga kabili ngosuku ngaphambi kokudla ku-50 g.
I-Tincture kusuka ezimpandeni ze-willow
Izithako:
- izimpande zezidakamizwa ze-willow - 1 tbsp. isipuni;
- amanzi abilayo - ingilazi eyodwa.
Ukulungiselela nokusebenzisa
- Thela impande ngamanzi abilayo bese uvumele ukuba ufeze ihora.
- Thatha ikomishi yesine kathathu nsuku zonke ngaphambi kokudla.
I-compress ye-Herbal
Izithako:
- i-burdock - 1 tbsp. isipuni;
- i-tansy - 1 tbsp. isipuni;
- i-immortelle - 1 tbsp. isipuni;
- i-peppermint - 1 tbsp. isipuni;
- amanzi abilayo - ingilazi eyodwa.
Ukulungiselela nokusebenzisa
- Amakhambi ahlanganiswe, athathe isipuni esisodwa senkinobho bese egcwalisa ngilazi yamanzi abilayo.
- Ukumelela ukupholisa phansi.
- Faka isicelo ukumnika ngendlela yokucindezeleka ezindaweni eziphethwe amahora angu-1-2.
Izindlela ezimbalwa ezilula zokweluleka abaphulukisa abantu:
- Ukugcoba njalo ezindaweni ezibuhlungu nge-sulfur ne-glycerin, okuxubene nenani le-1: 2.
- I-apple yemigodi ye-apilisi engavumelekile engokwemvelo isetshenziselwa izilonda zama-4-5 ngosuku. Leli thuluzi lisiza ukunciphisa ukutshaya, ukuvutha nokusheshisa izinqubo zokuvuselelwa.
I-Herpes zoster - izinkinga
Umbuzo walokho okulindeleke esimweni esibi kunazo zonke emva kokushaywa kwesibhamu kubuzwa abaningi futhi banelungelo lokuziphendulela. Imiphumela yesifo esibi kakhulu kanye nokukhulelwa kwengculaza kungaba kanje:
- Ngomonakalo wamehlo, ubuningi bokubukeka bungalahleka kakhulu futhi i-neuritis optic ikhula.
- Uma ukutheleleka kwebhaktheriya kuye kwajoyina igciwane lesandulela ngculaza, isimo sesiguli singase sibi kakhulu, futhi ukuphulukiswa kwamanxeba kungadonsela izinyanga eziningi.
- Esimweni esinzima sesi sifo, ukukhubazeka kwesibindi sesibuso kungenzeka.
- Kungase kube nokuphazanyiswa kwezitho zangaphakathi (isibhamu, ukuphazamiseka ohlelweni lwe-genitourinary, izinkinga nokusebenza kwe-duodenum).
- Uma i-herpes zoster (i-herpes) inefomu le-encephalitis, ingxabano eyingozi kunazo zonke futhi engathí sina ingaba i-meningoencephalitis, evame ukuholela ekukhubazekeni.
Izindwangu - ukuvimbela
I-Herpes zoster virus ingenye yezihloko ezivame ukucwaninga nokuphikisana emphakathini wezwe wezokwelapha. Imishanguzo ithuthukiswa futhi ithuthukiswe ngezinhloso zokuvimbela, kodwa ukusebenza kwabo kusengakapheli njengoba singathanda. Ngakho-ke, esinye sezimo eziyinhloko sigcina indlela yokuphila enempilo futhi silondoloze amasosha omzimba ezingeni elifanele.
Inoculation kusuka ku-herpes zoster
Ukuze ugonywe ngokumelene ne-herpes zoster ukukhohlwa ngakho kuze kube phakade - ochwepheshe emhlabeni wonke basebenza ukudala umgomo onjalo, kodwa kuze kube manje awukwenzanga ukwenza 100%. Izikhungo ezizimele zezokwelapha zigoma, kodwa ukusebenza kwayo akukabi okwanele futhi umgomo usebenza kuwo wonke umuntu ngezindlela ezahlukene. Nakuba izingxabano emibuthanweni yezokwelapha zingavumi, emakethe yanamuhla ingabonakala imithi emibili elwa negciwane le-Zoster.
- Izibikezelo ezinhle kakhulu zithembisa ukuncipha kwe-32-34% engozini yesifo ngemuva kokusebenzisa umgomo ovela kuGlaxoSmithKline.
- Abakhiqizi bemithi yokugoma "Zostavax" bathembisa kakhulu, ngokusho kwabo, ukusebenza kahle kuleli cala kungaba ngu-60%.
Ama-shingles - amavithamini
Ukuze usize umzimba ukuba unqobe ama-shingles (herpes zoster), udinga ukukunikeza ngamavithamini namadayeleli adingekayo. Okubaluleke kakhulu futhi kubalulekile kuzo:
- I-Vitamin C - iyasheshisa ukuvuselelwa kwezicubu, inciphise ukuhlunga nokuzwa okubuhlungu.
- I-Zinc - le nto iphazamisa ukukhiqizwa kwegciwane.
- I-Beta-carotene, esiza ukubhekana nalesi sifo ngokushesha.
- I-Vitamin E - iqinisa amasosha omzimba futhi ivikela amangqamuzana amhlophe egazi kusuka kumagciwane.