Phakathi nokuhlaziywa kwegazi ngamakhemikhali, ukuhlolwa kweprotheyini esiphelele kwenziwa. Lesi sibonakaliso ukuhlushwa kwama-molecule we-protein azo zonke izinhlobo kanye nezingxenyana ezakha i-plasma yegazi. Emzimbeni womuntu, iphrotheni imelelwa ngobuningi be-subspecies (ezingaphezu kwekhulu), ezinye zazo zihlanganisa kuphela i-amino acid set, kanti enye iqukethe izakhi ezihlukahlukene nezinye izinto (lipids, carbohydrate, njll).
Indima yamaphrotheni emzimbeni womuntu
Ama-proteine asebenza njengohlaka oluthile, impahla yepulasitiki lapho ezinye izici zamathambo namaseli zibamba. Ngenani elanele lamaprotheni, izitho nezakhi zomzimba zisebenza ngokugcwele ngomqondo ohlelekile futhi osebenzayo. Ngombonakaliso weprotheyini ephelele yegazi, umuntu angakwazi ukuhlola ukulungelelwa kwezinto eziphilayo ukubhekana nesakhiwo esithile sohlaka nesakhiwo kanye nezinkinga zesistimu.
Futhi, indima yama-protini ukugcina ukuzivikela komzimba, ukulawula ibhalansi ye-acid-base, iqhaza ohlelweni lwe-coagulation, ukwenza imisebenzi yokuthutha, njll. Ngakho-ke, inani lamaprotheni alinganiselwe i-parameter ebalulekile ekuxilongweni kwezifo, ikakhulukazi lezo ezihlobene nesifo somzimba.
Izimbangela zokuqukethwe kwamaprotheni aphezulu egazini
Izinguquko ezindala emiphakathini yeprotheyini ephelele zingamelwa kokubili ngokuqukethwe okunciphile futhi kwanda. Ngokuvamile kunalokho, ochwepheshe babhekene nokwehla kule parameter. Amacala lapho amaprotheni ephelele egazini ephakanyisiwe, ajwayelekile, kodwa aqondile, isici sezinhlobo eziningana zezifo. Kubantu abadala, izibalo ezijwayelekile zalesi parameter ziyi-64-84 g / l.
Uma inani lamaphrotheni egazini likhuphuka, izizathu zingaba kanje:
- ukuphelelwa amandla ngokweqile komzimba ngenxa yezinqubo ezithathelwanayo, izidakamizwa, izidakamizwa ze-septic;
- ukwanda kwama-antibodies ekwakhiweni kwegciwane lesandulela ngculaza ngemuva kokugoma noma ukudluliswa kwezifo ezithathelwanayo (ukwanda kancane);
- i-myeloma (umdlavuza wamangqamuzana egazi ongowakho
amasosha omzimba futhi akhiqizwa emnothweni wamathambo); - I-DIC-syndrome (ukuphazamiseka kwegazi kwegazi);
- ukuphuma kwamanzi;
- i-arthritis ye-rheumatoid;
- i-systemic lupus erythematosus ;
- i-cirrhosis, isibindi esingapheli nesibindi se-hepatitis;
- ukuvimbela emathunjini.
Uma kutholakala iphrotheni eyandayo egazini, kubalulekile ukuqhuba izinyathelo zokuhlola okusheshayo ngokushesha ukuze kunqume imbangela kanye nenhloso yokwelapha.