I-osteosarcoma ingenye yezifo zomdlavuza wamathambo. I-tumor ebulalayo, amangqamuzana ayo akhiwa avela emathanjeni amathambo. Isikhathi esiyingozi kakhulu sokwakheka kwayo yisigaba esisebenzayo sokukhula kwesiguli. Amacala amaningi e-sarcoma atholakala kubantu abasha. Abafana banamathuba amaningi okugula kunamantombazane.
I-sarcoma ye-osteogenic - izimpawu
I-osteogenic bone sarcoma ibhekwa njengenye yezifo ezihlukumeza kakhulu ezikhulayo. Esikhathini esifushane, i-bone tumor iyasakaza umzimba wayo wonke umzimba. Ngokuvamile umdlavuza walezi zinyama uvela emathanjeni amade ase-tubular, kodwa amathambo ekhanda, umhlathi kanye nomgogodla angase abe umgomo wayo. Izibonakaliso zokuqala ze-oncology zilula kakhulu ukudidanisa nezifo ezingenabungozi.
I-sarcoma ye-osteogenic yomhlathi - izimpawu
Izimpawu ezicacile esigabeni sokuqala azivezwa kahle. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kunzima kakhulu ukubona lesi sifo kusukela ekuqaleni kwayo. Ukuhlukanisa izibonakaliso ezilandelayo zalesi sifo:
- Ukuzwa okubuhlungu, okuyisifo esiyinhloko salesi sifo, kubonakala kusihlwa futhi kufane nezinyosi.
- Ukwanda kwesikhumba kubangela ukukhululeka kwamazinyo, ubunzima ekuhloleni ukudla.
- Njengoba ukuvuvukala kwanda, isiguli siqala ukuvuvukala ebusweni, kukhona ukulahleka kobuzwe.
- Isikhathi sokuhlukaniswa kwe-neoplasm sihambisana nokwanda okuphawulekayo ekushiseni komzimba.
- Esikhathini esilandelayo, i-sarcoma ye-osteogenic yomhlathi iwumthombo wokukhipha emphunjini nokuphulwa kokuphefumula komzimba.
- Inkambo yesifo iqhutshwa kakhulu ngokungezwa kokutheleleka ngenxa yokukhulelwa kwengculazi.
I-sarcoma ye-osteogenic ye-femur
Loluhlobo lwe-pathology luphawuleka ngobuqili balo futhi esigabeni sokuqala alubonakali nhlobo. Ukuzizwa okungahambi kahle kuhlotshaniswa nokudlulela ngokomzimba noma ukuqala kwe-neuralgia. Kodwa ukuhlukaniswa kwesifo kwabanye kungenzeka - i-sarcoma yama-osteogenic yethanga ayiphenduli kubaphikisi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-tumor iyanda ngesayizi futhi ibonakala yizimpawu ezilandelayo:
- Ubuhlungu, ekukhulekeni kokuqala nokuthungatha, buba namandla futhi buhlale njalo, ikakhulukazi ebusuku.
- Ithambo likhulisiwe futhi kukhona ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala kwezicubu phezu kwendawo ethintekile.
- Umsebenzi ophuthumayo wokusebenza ngokomzimba wesitho, okuyimbangela yokuqeda ukulimala okukhulu.
- Inethiwekhi ye-vascular is visualized ngokucacile.
- Ukuhlukunyezwa kwamathambo kuyimpawu ethile yesifo esikhathini esizayo.
Esikhathini esilandelayo, izimpawu zokudakwa ngokweqile ziqinisa:
- ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo;
- i-anemia ;
- ukulahlekelwa ikhono lokusebenza;
- umkhuhlane ophansi ophansi;
- uthele ukujuluka ebusuku.
I-osteogenic skull sarcoma
Ngokuyinhloko amathambo aphansi we-skull athathwe: i-temporal, i-parietal, i-occipital, njalo kaningi. Ezimweni eziningi, uhlobo oluthile lwesifo luyabonakala, okwenza kube nzima ukuthola ukuxilongwa ngokushesha. I-Sarcoma ye-skull ibonakala yizibonakaliso ezilandelayo zemitholampilo:
- I-tumor, eyakhiwe emathangeni angaphambili, ifinyelela usayizi omkhulu. Ngemva kwesikhashana kuhluma.
- Kuhlanganiswa uphawu olubumba. Ekuqaleni kwakunzima, futhi kamuva ngezindawo ezincane ezithambile.
- Kukhona ubuhlungu obuhlala njalo ekhanda lami.
- Uma kukhulunywa kwe-build-up, i-pulsation izwa.
- Isikhumba esingaphezu kwendawo ethintekile siba mncane futhi siphundukile, ebusweni bayo kubonakala ngokucacile izimpande zamasondo.
Uma i-sarcoma ikhula ngokujulile ku-skull, ayikwazi ukubonwa ngeso lengqondo. Ukubonakala kwezimpawu ze-neurologic ubufakazi bokulimala komqondo:
- ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo;
- imemori enciphile;
- i-pathology ye-organ ebonakalayo;
- ukunyuka kwengcindezi yokunyuka;
- Amaplitude eliphezulu kakhulu ekhanda.
I-sarcoma ye-osteogenic ye-ilium
Amathambo ase-aliac angenye yezingcezu ezinkulu kakhulu zamathambo. I-saliva ye-ileal bone ayiqabile futhi iboniswa isithombe somtholampilo, isici sezinye izinhlobo ze-oncology:
- isifo sobuhlungu;
- ukuwohloka okukhulu kwenhlalakahle;
- ukulala okungenalutho nokulala.
I-sarcoma ye-osteogenic yehlangothini lamadolo
Loluhlobo lwesifo lubhekwa njengento evamile, kodwa kunzima ukuluxilonga. Izimpawu zakhe zokuqala azibonakali futhi azibangeli ukukhathazeka. Ngezigaba kamuva, i-sarcoma ye-osteogenic yonyawo iboniswa ngokubonakala kwezibonakaliso ezihlukile kakhulu:
- ukunganaki endaweni ehlangene;
- umzwelo wokugaya emlenzeni;
- ukwehla emsebenzini wokusebenza komzimba osezingeni elincane nokuthuthukiswa okwalandela okwenyukayo;
- kukhona ukuguquguquka kwethambo elithintekayo, elivusa ukuhlukana okudlulayo;
- izimpawu ze-malaise jikelele zikhuphuka.
I-sarcoma ye-osteogenic yomgogodla
Ukulimala okulimazayo emgodleni kwenzeka kaningi, kutholakala ngezigaba kamuva futhi kuqhubekela phambili ngokushesha, kusakazeka imithi, ikakhulukazi emaphashini. Inqubo yokwakheka kwe-tumor ingenzeka kokubili ku-vertebra eyodwa naseziningana. Izimpawu ze-sarcoma yesihlingo zimi kanje:
- Ukuqala kwalesi sifo kubhekene nokukhathazeka okuncane ngemuva kwendawo engacacile.
- Ukwandisa i-neoplasm kubangela ubuhlungu obuningi lapho ukhwehlela futhi eqaqa. Kunzima kakhulu ukuhlala endaweni enezingqimba.
- Ngaphezulu kwendawo yokwakhiwa kwe-sarcoma ye-osteogenic, ukuzwakala okubuhlungu kubonakala ngokucacile.
- Umgogodla awusasebenzi, okwenza kakhulu ukuhamba kwesiguli futhi kuholele ekuwaweni okuvamile.
- Ukuvuvukala kwe-nerve sciatic kuyaqala.
- Isimo esiphezulu sesiguli sinzima kakhulu.
Ukugula kuyingozi kakhulu:
- ukukhubazeka;
- i-paresis;
- umsebenzi we-excretory wesistimu okhubazekile.
I-sarcoma ye-osteogenic - Izimpawu ze-X-ray
Ngokusekelwe emlandweni wemininingwane eningiliziwe kanye nezivivinyo zelabhoratri, udokotela ubeka izivivinyo zezinsimbi. I-X-ray ye-sarcoma ye-osteogenic ikusiza ukubona ukuthi kukhona ukukhubazeka ngezici ezilandelayo:
- isigaba sokuqala sesi sifo siboniswa ngokunciphisa kwamathambo;
- ukulahleka okuqhubekayo kwamathambo amathambo kubonakala ngokucacile;
- ukukhishwa kwe-periosteum nge-build-up;
- ukwakheka kwezinaliti ezincane ze-bony needle;
- ukuguqulwa kwama-sclerotic emathanjeni;
- ama-fractures ezinama-pathological, uma kwenzeka;
- ukwakheka kwemithambo yegazi entsha ngaphakathi kwendawo ethintekile (vascularization);
- Ama-X emaphashini anquma ukutholakala kwe-metastases.
I-sarcoma ye-osteogenic - ukubikezela
Ngaphambi kwalokho ukuchazwa kwe-oncology yalolu hlobo kwakungalungile kakhulu, njengoba i-osteosarcoma ibonakala ngokuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kanye nemetastasis yokuqala. Ngenxa yokuvela kwezindlela ezintsha zokuxilongwa okusheshayo kanye nokwelapha okukhulu, ukusinda kweziguli kuye kwanda kakhulu futhi kuhluka phakathi kuka-65%. Ngezindlela eziningi impumelelo yokwelashwa incike ezintweni ezithile ngaphambi nangemva kokungenelela kwezokwelapha:
- ubukhulu nendawo yokubunjwa kwe-tumor noma indawo yangaphandle ye-sarcoma ye-osteogenic;
- isigaba sokuthuthukiswa kwe-neoplasm;
- isimo somzimba wesiguli;
- ukuphumelela kokusebenza ukukhipha isisu;
- ama dynamics emva kokusetshenziswa kwe-chemotherapy.
I-sarcoma ye-osteogenic - ukwelashwa
Esikhathini esedlule, indlela kuphela yokwelapha i-bone oncology kwaba ukuxoshwa kwesilungu noma iningi lensikimba ethintekile. Uhlelo lwesimanje lokusebenzisa i-chemotherapy ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa luvumela kwezinye izimo ukuba zigweme le nqubo. Ukwelashwa kwe-osteosarcoma kunezindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko:
1. Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa. Umsebenzi ukukhipha isisu. Ngokomphumela wokucwaninga, le nqubo ihlanganisa ukukhishwa kwe-sarcoma ngokulondolozwa kwesilungu, noma ukuxoshwa. Ingxenye yechungechunge lesifuba elisusiwe ishintshwa ngepulastiki noma ukufakelwa kwensimbi. I-sarcoma ye-osteogenic yomgogodla, amathambo ashukela kanye ne-skull ibhekwa njengokungabonakali. Ukususwa kokuhlinzwa kwe-metastase emaphashini.
2. I- Chemotherapy. Le ndlela yokwelashwa yenziwa ngaphambi nangemva kokusebenza. Esikhathini sokuqala, lesi sidakamizwa sisetshenziselwa ukucindezela nokunciphisa ukukhula kwesisu. I-postotheative chemotherapy eyenziwa ngokuhambisana nezinkomba zangaphambili. Ukuhlolwa kokuphendula kwe-neoplasm ekusebenzeni kwalesi sidakamizwa kuqhutshwa. Amakhemikhali anobuthi obubi kakhulu futhi abe nemiphumela emibi:
- isicasuli;
- ukuhlanza;
- ukulahlekelwa kwezinwele;
- ukuphazanyiswa komsebenzi wezinhlelo zomzimba.
3. Ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa. Ukubunjwa kwe-Bone kunezinhlobonhlobo zamangqamuzana afana nezinye izinhlobo ze-oncology. Ngakho-ke, lesi sifo sibizwa ngokuthi i-polymorphous cell sstecenic sarcoma. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-radiation therapy kuleli cala akusizi ngalutho futhi kusetshenziswe ngemuva kokusebenza okuphazamisayo noma ukukhulula isifo sobuhlungu uma kwenzeka ukubuyela emuva kwesifo.