Phakathi kodokotela wezici ezihlukahlukene, i-placebo inesithakazelo esithile - ukuthi iyini nokuthi ingasetshenziswa kanjani. Leli gama lakhuliswa eminyakeni engaphezu kwamakhulu amabili edlule, kodwa kuze kube manje umphumela we-placebo kuze kube sekupheleni awukwazi ukuchazwa. Leli yigama lesikhiqizo ngaphandle kwezakhiwo eziwusizo, ezisetshenziselwa njengemithi yokwelapha.
Umphumela we-placebo - kuyini ekusayinweni kwengqondo?
Lapho ufunda ukuthi iziguli zithinta kanjani imishanguzo yazo, kwaqaphela ukuthi uma umuntu eqiniseka ngesenzo somuthi, isibonelo, ukuthuthukisa ubuthongo, ngisho nangemva kokuthatha amavithamini (placebo), kuzoba ngcono. Impumelelo ye-placebo yimbonakaliso yesenzo somuthi ngokwayo kunokukholelwa ekuphulukisweni. Akubona bonke abantu abalinganiselwa ngokulinganayo. Uhlobo oluthile lwengqondo oluchazwe, lapho izidakamizwa ezithinta izidakamizwa zenza ngayo:
- I-Extroverts.
- Yiba nezingqinamba ezingqondweni.
- Iphihliwe.
- Khumbula ukulahla.
- Hypochondriacs.
- Ucindezelekile.
Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, lapho iziguli zithatha khona, ngubani owazi ukuthi lo muthi wawuyi-placebo, imiphumela emihle yatholwa. Kulezi ziguli, lapho uthatha isikhokhelo esivamile, kodwa ngokubukeka okufana nemithi yabo evamile, umzimba wathola izinguquko ezifanayo njengomuthi wangempela. Indlela ye-placebo yabonisa imiphumela engcono ekwelapheni kokulala , isifo sikaParkinson, ukucindezeleka.
Umphumela we-placebo ungaba nje kuphela emithini. Ingatholakala ezinkambisweni ezihlukahlukene, izenzo zokwenza izinto, imihlangano eqhutshwa abantu abade kakhulu nemithi. Ngakho-ke inkolelo yesiguli, umphumela wokwelashwa okunjalo kuthonywa ngamanani alawo masevisi, izinqubo zokukhangisa, ukubonakala nokuthembeka komdokotela ngisho nangaphakathi kwekamelo.
Imithi ye-Placebo - kuyini?
Abanye odokotela bavame ukunikeza iziguli zabo indawo yokubeka imithi ukuthi ukwelashwa okunjalo kungabhekwa njengesiqondiso esiphezulu kwezokwelapha. Kulezi ziguli ezithatha imishanguzo enjalo, kukhona okulindelekile ukuthi abakhiqizi bezokwelapha basebenzise:
- Ikhudlwana ithebulethi, inamandla kakhulu.
- Izijovo zinamandla kunamaphilisi, kanti ama-droppers asebenza kangcono kunezijovo.
- Amaphilisi amabi anamandla kunamnandi noma angenakunambitheka.
- Amathebulethi abuthakathaka kunama-capsules.
- I-blue calms, i-orange ithuthukisa imizwelo, i-psychotropic kufanele ibe nsomi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunokuba umuthi ubiza kakhulu, kungcono. Uma lesi sidakamizwa singavamile futhi asikwazi ukuthengwa kuwo wonke ama-pharmacy, kusho ukuthi siyasebenza. Uma ukubunjwa kunesithako esingenakuqondakala, kungcono kunemvelaphi yemifino, khona-ke imithi ingaphulukisa zonke izifo. Lokhu kusetshenziswa futhi ngabahlengikazi bendabuko, ukulungiselela izingxube kanye nokuqoqwa kokuqukethwe okungaziwa. Kunconywa ukuthi umphumela we-homeopathy usekelwe endaweni ye-placebo, ukuthi iyisiqondiso esifanayo, engaboniswa ngemithi.
I-Placebo - ukwakheka
Amalungiselelo e-Placebo angaqukatha kokubili ukulingana okujwayelekile, kodwa ngokubukeka bafana namanje. Lokhu kusetshenziselwa izifundo zokwelapha ekutadisheni amaqembu amabili weziguli ukuze kuhlolwe umthelela omtholampilo wemithi emisha. Kukhona iqembu lezithasiselo ezisebenzayo ezikhangiswa kakhulu kumaphephandaba. Le mithi ibizwa ngokuthi izakhi zokwelapha, kodwa akukho zifundo zesayensi ezenziwe nazo. Ngokwezinye ososayensi, njengamanje isigamu sezidakamizwa emashalofini ku-pharmacy - placebo.
Impumelelo ye-placebo ne-nocebo
Ukubonakaliswa kwe-placebo ne-nocebo yizenzo ezimbili eziphambene nempilo yengqondo. Uma ungakwazi ukufaka inzuzo yesidakamizwa noma inqubo (placebo), ungakwazi nje ukukholisa isiguli ukuthi uma uthatha imithi, uyoba nemiphumela emibi (nocebo). Kukhona amacala lapho umuntu etshelwa usuku lokushona kwakhe, futhi wafa ngempela ngalolo suku. Uma uphakamisa ukuthi ukuthinta kwezinto kuzoba buhlungu, isikhumba siphendukile futhi ubuhlungu buvela. Uma ulinde, kuvela ukukhathazeka okukhathazayo, okwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-cholecystokinin, okubangela ubuhlungu.
I-placebo isebenza kanjani?
Akukhona kuphela izici ezingokwengqondo ezichaza umphumela we-theory theory. Ukutadisha ukuthi i-placebo isebenza kanjani kwembula ushintsho ku-cortex ye-cerebral ezindaweni eziphethe umqondo wokuzijabulisa. Ukuvuselelwa kokukhiqizwa kwama-hormone (endorphins), okunganciphisa ubuhlungu obufana ne-opium. Ucwaningo lwamuva luye lwathola ukuthi impucuko yobuhlungu ingavinjelwa ezingeni lomgogodla. Konke lokhu kuholela ekutheni umuntu unamandla okuzilungisa, nokukholelwa kumuthi, kudokotela noma ukukhangisa kuyisisusa sokuqalisa lezi zenzo.
Umphumela we-placebo ngokulahlekelwa isisindo
Njengoba isisindo somzimba esiningi ngokweqile sanda kakhulu, futhi ukulahleka kwesisindo kunesithakazelo esikhulu, izindlela ezikhokhelwayo ezihlukene zenziwa futhi zafakwa ekuqaphelweni kokulahlekelwa isisindo ngaphandle kokudla nokuzikhandla ngokomzimba. Ukufunwa kwezinsizakalo kanye nezimpahla ezinjalo kukhula, futhi imakethe yezingxenye ezihlukahlukene zezinto eziphilayo, amabhande, amacici nokunye okufana nale nhloso ibuye ikhule ngokufanele. Uma uthatha izidakamizwa ezinjalo, kungaba khona ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo sokuqala, kepha okungcono indawo yokubeka isisindo ayilimazi.
I-Placebo ezemidlalo
Isimiso se-placebo sisetshenziswa ngempumelelo ngabaqeqeshi ngaphambi komncintiswano wemfanelo. Ukuzethemba komncintiswano empumelelweni kunikeza umphumela obonakalayo. Kuqhutshwa izifundo lapho abagijimi betshelwa ukuthi bathatha ama-anabolic steroids. Izenzo ezifanayo zokukhuthazela nokukhula komzimba wamasipha zaphawulwa, kanye nokudla kwezidakamizwa ze-hormonal. Kwakukhona nemiphumela emibi, isici se-anabolics. Imithi eminingi esetshenziselwa abagijimi njengamandla, ekubunjweni inezinto ezinamandla okungaqinisekisiwe.
I-Placebo ebhizinisini
Ukusetshenziswa okulungile kwe-placebo kuveza umphumela wokuhweba obonakalayo. Lokhu kwakha izinkampanini ze-PR, ukukhangisa, izakhiwo eziyisimangaliso ezithembisayo, amasu okuthengisa enza impumelelo kuphela kulabo abathengisi abangakwazi ukuqiniseka ngesidingo sokuthenga izimpahla noma amasevisi. Ukuqeqesha okuqhubekayo kokukhula komuntu siqu, isithembiso somcebo nokuchuma kusuka ku-guru feng shui kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-esotericism sebenzisa ukukholelwa njengendlela eyinhloko yokuheha amakhasimende. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi, njengokwamukelwa kwamaphilisi e-chalk, emva kokuqeqesha kanye nezinkomfa, umuntu okholelwa kuye angaphumelela.