I-insulini iyi-hormone lapho ama-pancre esabela khona. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukuhamba kwe-glucose, amafutha, ama-amino acids kanye ne-potassium kumaseli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, into elawula izinga leshukela egazini futhi inesibopho sokulawula ibhalomhydrate ibhalansi. Konke lokhu kwenzeka lapho i-insulini egazini labesifazane iqukethe inani elivamile. Kodwa ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene, inani le-hormone liyakwazi ukuhluka. Futhi lokhu kuyathinta isimo sezempilo nempilo.
Iyini isimiso se-insulini egazini labesifazane abazila ukudla?
Ukuze uthole idatha enokwethenjelwa, kubalulekile ukulinganisa izinga le-insulin esiswini esingenalutho. Uma uhlaziya ngemuva kokudla, idatha izophikisana. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba emva kokudla ama-pancreas aqala ukusebenza futhi akhuthele kakhulu ekukhiqizeni i-hormone. Njengomphumela - ngenxa yalokho, okuqukethwe kwezinto ezisegazini kuzoba phezulu kakhulu.
Umkhuba we-hormone insulin kubantu besifazane uvela ku-3 kuya ku-20 μU / ml. Ukwenyuka kancane kokulinganiselwa kokukhulelwa kungenzeka, njengomthetho, baqala kusuka ku-6 kuya ku-27 microU / ml. Inani lempahla kubantu asebekhulile libuye lishintshe kakhulu. Ngemuva kweminyaka engama-60, kuvamile ukuthi amazinga egazi ka-6 kuya ku-35 μU / ml we-hormone atholakala.
I-insulini egazini labesifazane ngokulingana okujwayelekile liqinisekisa ukusebenza kwezinqubo ezibalulekile:
- Isidakamizwa sakha imisipha. Ikhuthaza ukusebenza kwe-ribosomes eyenza amaprotheni, okwenza nawo, abe nengxenye ekwakheni izicubu zomzimba.
- Ngenxa ye-insulin, amangqamuzana omzimba angasebenza kahle.
- Izinto ezivimbela ukuwohloka kwemisipha yomzimba.
- Ngomuthi ovamile, i-insulini yabesifazane emzimbeni yandisa umsebenzi wama-enzyme obhekene nokukhiqizwa kwe-glycogen. I-latter, futhi, iyindlela enkulu yokugcina i-glucose.
Uma abesifazane benamazinga e-insulin ephakeme noma ephansi kunokuvamile
Ukwanda okubalulekile kwesilinganiso se-hormone kungase kubonise:
- ukuphazamiseka kwengcindezi ye- pituitary ;
- uhlobo lwesibili lwesifo sikashukela mellitus;
- izifo ze-pancreas;
- I-Cushing's syndrome;
- ukukhuluphala;
- i-myotonia ye-dystrophic;
- i-acromegaly;
- i-polycystic ovary.
Ukuntuleka kwe-insulini egazini kunezici ezifana nalezi:
- isifo sikashukela sohlobo lokuqala;
- i-coma yesifo sikashukela ;
- ukutheleleka;
- ukhathala komzimba;
- ukuzama ngokweqile ngokomzimba;
- indlela yokuphila yangasese.