Ngokuvamile ukwanda kwegciwane le-thyroid kwenzeka ngokumelene nesimiso sokuntula kwe-iodine eqinile emzimbeni, okuqukethwe okungenele kwalesi sici ekudleni nakwezemvelo. Okungavamile ukuthi i-goiter esheshayo, etholakala kubantu abahlala ngaphandle kwezindawo eziphilayo. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ukwanda kwezicubu ze-endocrine isitho kwenzeka ngenxa yezici ezingahambisani nobuningi, kodwa ekuthandeni i-iodine emzimbeni.
Kungani kukhona i-goiter encane yokugcoba kwe-thyroid?
Izimbangela ezinkulu ze-pathology ezichazwe:
- ukwamukela i-lithium carbonate noma imithi ngesisekelo sayo;
- izici zokwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali amanzi kanye nokudla (okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-humic compounds);
- ukutholakala kwama-neoplasms we-gland;
- ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ze-hormone eziphazamisa ukungena kwe-iodine;
- ukukhulelwa, ukukhulelwa;
- ukuphazamiseka kokubeletha kwe-iodine metabolism noma ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni wegciwane;
- izifo ezingapheli zesistimu yokugaya ukudla.
Ukuhlukaniswa kanye nezimpawu ze-goiter okungahleliwe
Ngokuhambisana nesimo sokunqotshwa kwesigungu se-endocrine, lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-goiter ziyahlukaniswa:
- i-nodular;
- diffuse;
- i-multi-node;
- kuxutshwe.
Ngokwesakhiwo sokwandisa izicubu ze-gland yegciwane:
- i-tubular;
- i-parenchymatous;
- i-follicular;
- colloidal.
Kuye ngokusebenza:
- i-hypothyroid;
- i-euthyroid;
- hyperthyroid.
Futhi, kukhona ukuhlukaniswa kwezifo ngokusayizi we-goiter (1-5 degree).
Izimpawu zobuningi besifo se-thyroid zibonakala kuphela ngokunyuka okukhulu kwezicubu ze-endocrine:
- ukucindezela kwe-trachea, i-esophagus, imithwalo yegazi kanye nemisipha;
- i- bradycardia eqinile;
- ukuphefumula, ukuhlasela kwe-asthma;
- ubuhlungu enhliziyweni , ikhanda;
- omile, ukukhwehlela okubuhlungu;
- ukuphazamiseka kwe-neuro-autonomic;
- i-bump entanyeni.
Ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo kuyadingeka ngezi-3-5 degrees. Njengomthetho, kubandakanya ukuthatha i-triiodothyronine noma i-thyroidin.