Izigidi zabantu emhlabeni zihlushwa yi-COPD, isifo esingenasifo se-pulmonary chronic. Ikakhulukazi engavumelani nesimo samathambo e-bronchopulmonary sithonywe ngumsebenzi ekukhiqizeni okulimazayo kanye nemvelo engcolile. Isimo siyancipha ngokusakazeka okukhulu kokubhema kanye nokuphila okuphansi. Ngeshwa, i-COPD ivame ukutholakala ezinyathelweni ezithuthukile zokuthuthukiswa, lapho izinqubo ezingenakwenzeka zingenzeka emzimbeni wesiguli, futhi ukwelashwa kwesi sifo kunzima. Cabangela izindlela zanamuhla zokwelapha i-COPD, futhi wazi kangcono izindlela zokulwa nesifo esibi esinikezwa imithi yendabuko.
Izindlela zanamuhla zokuphathwa kwe-COPD
Izindlela ezilandelayo zokwelashwa kwe-COPD zihlukaniswa:
- ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa;
- ukwelapha oksijini;
- ukuvuselelwa kwamapulmoni;
- ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa.
Ukwelashwa kwe-COPD ngemithi kufanele kwenziwe ngokuqhubekayo. Imithi ingena emzimbeni ngokuyinhloko nge-inhalation, ukugxila kwabo ukuhlinzeka ngokudambisa i-dyspnea nokuthuthukisa isimo sonke. Ama-pulmonologists anika izidakamizwa ezifana nalezi:
- I-Anticholinergics , eyanciphisa ukubonakaliswa okukhulu kwesi sifo futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kwamaphaphu. Eyaziwa kakhulu eqenjini le-AHP yi-bromide ye-ipratropium yesikhashana; kusuka ezidakamizwa ezisebenza isikhathi eside, i-tiotropium bromide kufanele iphawulwe;
- i-β2-agonists , ivuselela ama-receptors abushelelezi bamasipha futhi iphumule imisipha ebushelelezi ye-bronchi. I-β2-agonists nayo yesikhathi esifushane neside;
- I-Theophyllines , eyanciphisa umfutho wegazi ophezulu we-pulmonary kanye nokwandisa umsebenzi wemisipha yokuphefumula. Ngokungafani nezidakamizwa ezingenhla, i-theophyllines ingena emzimbeni ngomlomo noma ngomjovo;
- I-Glucocorticosteroids - izidakamizwa ezinomphumela wokulwa nokuvutha ziyamukeleka ekwelapheni i-COPD enamandla.
- Ama-antibiotic anqunywe ngokucabangela i-microflora, e-sputum, eyabelwe isiguli.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-mucolytics asetshenziselwa ukwelapha kwe-COPD (phambi kwe-sputum evumayo), futhi ukuze kuvinjelwe ukukhushulwa kanye nasezifo ze- influenza , ukugonywa okugunyazayo kweziguli kwenziwa. Ekhona phambi kwe-edema udokotela ubeka i-diuretics.
Ukunakwa sicela! Ukuze ukwelashwa kwe-COPD yobunzima obuphansi futhi obulinganiselayo, izidakamizwa ezinomsebenzi ezincane zisetshenzisiwe, futhi uma kwenzeka ifomu elibi lezenzo zesifo - isikhathi eside.
Ukwelashwa kwe-oksijeni kuboniswa iziguli eziphethwe yi-hypoxia. Ukukala izinga le-oxygen egazini, i-oximeter ye-pulse isetshenzisiwe noma igazi linikezwa ukuhlaziywa ebhokisatri. Ukwelashwa kwe-oksijeni kungenziwa kokubili esibhedlela nasekhaya.
Ukwenza kube lula ukunikezwa kwe-sputum, iziguli ezineCOPD zinconywa ukuthi ziphuze utshwala obunomsoco - amanzi amaminerali afana no-Borjomi, Essentuki, njll. Uma kunzima ukuhlukanisa imfihlo eyimfihlakalo, ukugeleza kwesimo somzimba noma ukusikhipha umzimba okudlidliza kungenziwa.
Ukwelashwa kwe-COPD ekhaya
Ukwengeza ukwelashwa kwe-COPD, njengoba kunqunywa udokotela, kungaba yimithi yokwelapha. Ukupheka kwemithi yendabuko kusekelwe ekusebenziseni:
- i-phyto-izidakamizwa - i-chamomile, inambuzane, i-sage, i-eucalyptus, i-linden, impande ye-althea, i-mallow, i-clover enhle, i-licorice impande, i-alo, i-coral, i-clover ebomvu, njll;
- ijusi lomsila omnyama;
- Ukufakelwa kwe-inhalation nezixazululo zamaminerali amaminerali;
- amabheji namafutha angaphakathi.
Uma sicindezela i-COPD, sincoma ukusebenzisa iqoqo eliqukethe izimpande ze-licorice, izimpande ze-althea, i-clover enhle, izimbali zasendle ezimbi kanye ne-chamomile, i-anise izithelo ezithathwe ngokulinganisela okulinganayo. Izipuni ezintathu zezinto zokusetshenziswa zithelelwa ku-0.5 amalitha amanzi abilayo futhi zifake ihora elilodwa. Thatha ukumnika kufanele kube ngu-100 ml izikhathi ezintathu ngosuku.