Igciwane likaZika lalibhekwa njengesifo esingavamile kakhulu, esithinta izakhamuzi zase-Afrika naseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Kodwa ukuthuthukiswa kwezokuvakasha kuye kwaholela ekusakazeni okusheshayo kwalesi sifo, okubangela ukukhathazeka komphakathi wezokwelapha ngenxa yokusongelwa kwesifo sengculaza.
Ukuhamba nohambo, kubalulekile ukutadisha ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi imfiva yeZiki ibonakalisa kanjani - izimpawu esiteshini esiyinhloko sokugula kanye nendlela elandelayo yenkambo yayo ngesikhathi sokuqhubeka.
Izimpawu zokuqala zokutheleleka nge-Zika virus
Igciwane elichazwe, elivela emndenini uFlaviviridae, lidluliselwa kumuntu onokulunywa umlenze onegciwane. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi izinambuzane kuphela ze-Aedes zengqikithi ziyingozi, zikhetha indawo yokuhlala ngokushisa nokushisa.
Ngemuva kokuluma nokutheleleka igciwane kudlula izigaba eziningana zentuthuko, isikhathi sokukhushulwa sixhomeke esimweni sesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela komuntu futhi sihluka phakathi kwezinsuku ezingu-3-12.
Isibonakaliso sokuqala salesi sifo yisifo esibuhlungu esicindezelayo. Lesi sibonakaliso ngokuvamile asihlotshaniswa nomkhuhlane wamaZik, ngakho isiguli asifuni ngokushesha usizo lwezokwelapha.
Kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi lokhu kutholakala kwamacala angu-70% kwenzeka ngaphandle kwezimpawu futhi ulashwa izinsuku ezingu-2-7. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezibonakaliso ezinzima zomzimba kungavamile kakhulu, kubantu abanesimiso sokuzivikela komzimba esibuthakathaka noma izifo ezithathelwanayo ezizimele.
Izimpawu ezisemqoka ze-zik fever
Uma lesi sifo sisalokhu sibhekene nokubonakaliswa okukhulu kwemitholampilo, ukuthuthukiswa kwayo kuhlotshaniswa nokwanda kwekhanda kanye nokushaywa komzimba, ubuthakathaka, ukulala. Ukwengeza, iziguli ezine-virus ye-Zik zizwa ubuhlungu be-syndrome emisipha namalunga, ikholomu ye-vertebral, ama-orbit of the eyes.
Ezinye izimpawu ezithile:
- umkhuhlane nomkhuhlane kufika ku-38.5 degrees;
- ukubekezelelana kokukhanya okukhulu kakhulu;
- ukuvuvukala kwe-conjunctiva;
- ukubomvu kwezitsha ezincane zamehlo;
- ukuvuvukala kwamalunga.
Futhi kukhona izibonakaliso ze-dermatological yegciwane - kuqala ebusweni kubonakala ukuqhuma okwesibhakabhaka noma kwe-macular ngesimo sezintuthwane ezincane, ezibuthakathaka kancane. Ngokushesha basakaza kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Ukuphazamiseka, njengombuso, kuningi futhi kukhanye kakhulu. Ukuqoqa kubangela ukucasuka okukhulu, ukubomvu kwesikhumba.
Ezimweni ezingavamile, umuntu olelekile unenkinga yokucindezeleka, njenge-nausea, ukuqotshwa noma isifo sohudo.
Ubude benkambo kanye nokutholakala kwezimpawu ze-zik fever
Sekukhulunywe kakade ukuthi, ezimweni eziningi, ukubhekwa kwezilwane kubhekwa ngokushesha ngenxa yomsebenzi wesimiso somzimba. Ngokuvamile, lesi sifo singapheli izinsuku ezingu-7.
Ama-macular amasha noma ama-papular ayenzeka angakapheli amahora angu-72, ngemva kwalokho ukubukeka kwezintuthwane kuyayeka, futhi ukuqhuma okwamanje kushabalala kancane kancane. Izinwele, umkhuhlane nezinye izibonakaliso ezihambisanayo zesifo zingaba khona izinsuku ezingu-5.
Imithi yezokwelapha ibonisa ukuthi izimpawu ezichazwe zitholakala kuphela ku-1 kwabangu-5 abantu abanegciwane le-Zika.
Ukuxilongwa kwalesi sifo kungenzeka kuphela ngemva kokuhlolwa kwegazi le-laboratory, lapho i-nucleic acid ekhona khona igciwane. Kwezinye izimo kuvunyelwe ukwenza ukuhlaziywa kwamathe kanye nomchamo.
Kumele uqaphele ukuthi isimo semfundo saleso sifundo sincike esikhathini esivela ekutholeni izimpawu zomkhuhlane. Kunconywa ukuthi uyisebenzise ezinsukwini zokuqala ezingu-3-10 kusukela ekuqaleni kwalesi sifo.