I-brronchitis yisifo sokuvuvukala se-bronchi esinesihenqo se-membrane. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zesifo - esiyingozi futhi esingapheliyo. Ukuguqulwa kwama-bronchitis okuphazamiseka kwengculazi okungapheli kubonakala kuzo zonke izici zesakhiwo ezindongeni ze-bronchi, kanye namathishu emaphaphu kubuye kuhileleke kwinqubo yokuvuvukala. Kucatshangwa ukuthi le nqubo ayiguli uma ukukhwehlela kuthatha okungenani izinyanga ezintathu ngonyaka iminyaka emibili.
Izimbangela ze-Bronchitis engapheli
Phakathi kwezici ezithonya ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo, khetha okuyinhloko:
- uthuli lwomoya womoya;
- okuqukethwe emoyeni wamakhemikhali ahlukahlukene;
- i-hypothermia;
- ukunciphisa umzimba ukuvikela umzimba;
- ukuvuvukala njalo kwezono ze-paranasal ne-oropharynx;
- amakhaza avamile nge-bronchitis;
- ukubhema okusebenzayo nokungapheli.
Izimpawu ze-bronchitis engapheli kubantu abadala
Isibonakaliso esiyinhloko se-bronchitis esingapheli kubantu abadala sikhwehlela njalo nokukhululwa kwemali enkulu. Okokuqala, ukukhwehlela kuyakhathazeka kuphela ekuseni, kodwa ekugcineni kubonakala ebusuku nasekuseni, kubhekene nesimo sezulu esibanda futhi sinamanzi.
Ifomu eliyinkimbinkimbi ye-bronchitis engapheli ibonakala ngokukhululwa kwe-sputum ecacile ye-mucous kanye nokungabikho kwe-obstruction ye-bronchial (i-bronchitis engapheliyo yokungasebenzi). Ifomu eliphuthumayo libhekwa ngokuba khona kwepus ekukhwehleleni ukuhlukaniswa. Njengoba lesi sifo sithuthuka, ukuphefumula kuba nzima, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi kusebenza ngokomzimba, i- dyspnea nezinye izinkinga zokuphefumula zikhula, kuhlanganise nokukhathazeka okukhulu kwe-pulmonary ventilation.
Ngokuvamile, i-bronchitis engapheli ihambisana nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:
- ubuthakathaka;
- ubuthakathaka;
- ubuhlungu esifubeni;
- ukushisa komzimba okwandisiwe;
- i-blanching yesikhumba.
Ukukhushulwa kwe-bronchitis okungapheli kuthiwa uma kunesisindo esikhulu kulezi zimpawu ezingenhla:
- ukukhwehlela okwandayo ne-dyspnea;
- ukukhiqizwa kwe-sputum okwandisiwe;
- ukubonakala kokukhathala okusheshayo, njll.
Izimpawu ze-bronchitis engapheliyo yokubhema
I-bronchitis engapheli yomuntu obhemayo yilona uhlobo lwesifo, ukuthuthukiswa okungaxhunyiwe ngokungahambisani nokubhema (kokubili okusebenzayo futhi okungahambi kahle). Kubonakala ngukukhwehlela okumile njalo noma okumanzi okubhebhetheka kuwo abasebenzisi abangeke bawaqaphele.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-bronchitis engapheli
Ukuxilongwa kwe-bronchitis engapheli kungenziwa ngudokotela ongenawo kuphela emva kokungenani iminyaka emibili yokubona. Kuhlolwa okwenziwe okukhethekile:
- Isithombe se-X-ray sesifuba;
- ukuhlolwa kwegazi - jikelele kanye negazi;
- ukuhlolwa kwe-sputum ekhishwe;
- ukuhlolwa komsebenzi wokuphefumula kwangaphandle;
- i-bronchoscopy .
Ukwelashwa kwe-bronchitis engapheli
Njenganoma isiphi esinye isifo esingelapheki, i-bronchitis engapheli idinga ukwelashwa okwesikhashana - kokubili ngokukhukhumeza, futhi esikhathini esiyinkimbinkimbi yesifo.
Ngesikhathi ukwanda kwe-bronchitis engapheliyo imithi elandelayo imisiwe:
- ama-antibiotics;
- izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala;
- ama-immunostimulants;
- amalungiselelo okukhipha umfutho we-sputum (yokwamukelwa kwangaphakathi, ngendlela ye-inhalation).
Kwezinye izimo, kunconywa izinhlamvu ze-bronchoscopies zezokwelapha (ukuhlanza i-bronchi ngezixazululo zokwelapha). Futhi wasebenzisa ukuphefumula umzimba, physiotherapy.
Ngaphandle kokukhushulwa, ukuxilongwa kwama-holin-blocking agents kusetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-mucus nokunciphisa i-bronchi. Lokhu kusiza ukuthuthukisa isimo se-mucosal futhi kunciphise inani lezinkinga.
Uma kungekho ukwelashwa okwanele, i-bronchitis engapheli ingabangela ukuthuthukiswa kwezinkinga ezifana nokuphefumula noma ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo.