I-Axiology - imfundiso yamagugu

I-Axiology iyinkolelo yokubaluleka, njengoba isayensi ekhethekile yefilosofi yabonakala eRussia ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19. Isintu selokhu sikhathazekile ngesimiso sokubaluleka, indawo yaso ebuhlotsheni phakathi kwabantu. Iqembu ngalinye lezenhlalakahle lalinemibono yalo mayelana nokuhle, okubi nokuyiqiniso, lokhu kwabonakala emibhalweni yabososayensi abaningi.

Iyini i-axiology?

Ucwaningo lwama-axiology luni? Impendulo yalo mbuzo ihlelwe yizazi zefilosofi kanje:

• izihloko ezihlobene nohlobo lwamagugu;
• indawo yamagugu emphakathini;
• ubudlelwane babo esakhiweni kanye - nangombono womuntu.

Isihloko esiyinhloko sesimo sakhe sefilosofi sokubaluleka senziwa nguSocrates, enquma ukuthi inani eliye lagcwaliseka lihle futhi liwusizo. Ososayensi beMinyaka Ephakathi bathi izigaba ezinjengokugcwala kokuhle, okuhle nokuhle. Ekuchazeni kwanamuhla, i-axiology, njengegatsha lefilosofi, ibonakala lapho ukuqonda kokuthi ihlukaniswe yaba yiqiniso futhi kuyigugu, njengethuba lokuzibona, ukukhombisa amakhono engqondo yomuntu.

Iyini i-axiology kufilosofi?

I-Axiology yefilosofi iyisifiso sencazelo yezinto ezinhle kumuntu ngamunye, okungafinyelelwa kuphela ngolwazi lwamanani wangaphakathi. Sekuyiminyaka eminingi, izazi zefilosofi zama-epochs ezahlukene ziye zafakazela umbono wazo, ngoba ekhulwini ngalinye kwakukhona izindinganiso zabo eziyinhloko. Akekho omunye wabo bonke, abantu abahlukile ababizi izigaba ezifanayo zalokho abazibheka njengabalulekile kubo. Ososayensi baqaphele ukubonakaliswa okunjalo:

1. Ephakathi. Inani eliyinhloko lukholo kuNkulunkulu.
2. Ikhulu lama-19-20 - ubuhle nokuvumelana.

Futhi kuphela ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, ososayensi bazama ukuqonda ukuthi umuntu ngamunye ubona kanjani umhlaba, ngezinga elingakanani lokhu kuqonda kuyaphendula amaphethini angaphakathi naphuthukisiwe. Abafilosofi-izazi ze-axiologists zigxila kumfomula omuhle, kodwa ngaphansi kwezigaba ezijwayelekile, ngoba umuntu ngamunye unemibono yakhe, ngisho namadoda nabesifazane ahluke. Ngakho-ke, sikhuluma ngokuhlanganisa ama-philosophical units of measurement.

Iyini i-axiology yesiko?

Ngokwezincazelo zanamuhla, i-axiology, njengemfundiso yamagugu, ihlala endaweni ekhethekile emasikweni, okuyinto eyisiqoqo samagugu. Ngokusho kwamazinga axiological, isiko yilo:

• ukuqaliswa kwezinhloso zamanani;
• izwe lezinto ngokusebenzisa umbono womuntu;
• imibono ecacisa izenzo nezenzo, isisusa somphakathi.

Umgomo we-axiological ukugcina indima ebalulekile yamagugu. Ukubaluleka ukubaluleka kwezinto zomhlaba kubantu, futhi akuqinisekisiwe yizindawo, kodwa ngendima yamaqembu ahlukene eenhlalakahle. Ubuhle buphatha wonke umuntu ngendlela yakhe, ngokusekelwe kwizigaba ezijwayelekile, kodwa azikho izinto ezibonakalayo emhlabeni wonke okubaluleke kakhulu kuwo wonke umuntu. Kuneziqu ezibalulekile eziyisici sobulili noma yobudala, into ebalulekile kubantu abodwa ingase ingabi ebaluleke kakhulu komunye.

Imisebenzi ye-axiology

Indlela ye-axiological isetshenziswa eziningi zesayensi, ngoba uhlelo lokubaluleka luyisisekelo esiyinhloko sanoma iyiphi imibono. Ichaza uhlaka lokuziphatha kwabantu, izindinganiso zokuziphatha, ukuthuthukiswa kokunambitheka kanye nomqondo omuhle. Inqubo ye-axiological inikeza ithuba:

• thola izindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu kumuntu;
• ukuhlukanisa ukubaluleka kokuphila kwansuku zonke ekuqondeni ubuntu.

Abacwaningi bahlukanisa imisebenzi emithathu yesayensi enjalo njenge-axiology:

1. Emfundweni - isisusa ekwenzeni izinqumo ezibalulekile.
2. Ekufundiseni - ukuqeqesha izindinganiso zokuziphatha .
3. Esimweni, ukwakheka kwezimiso ezamukelekile.

Indlela ye-Axiological in psychology

Indlela yokusebenza kwengqondo e-psychology ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuphinda ihlaziywe izindinganiso zabantu abasesimweni esinzima. Ngokuvamile, okokuqala, abantu abanjalo benza iziphambeko ezingalungile, futhi ukuze umuntu aqonde ngokunembile izindinganiso zomuntu siqu nezenhlalakahle, izazi zengqondo zithembele endleleni ye-axiological:

• Amagugu ahlaziywa njengendlela yokunqoba izithiyo zokuphila;
• ukunquma ukugxila kwezenzo zomuntu ngamunye;
• lungisa izifiso zomuntu zokuphila okungcono.

Indlela ye-axiological in pedagogy

Indlela yokufunda emfundweni yakha imvelo egcina ifa lezwe, yakha umugqa wokuziphatha kwayo, ilandele imigomo yokuziphatha kanye nemigomo. Ukuze afundise isakhamuzi sangempela esiqonda futhi siyazi ukuthi singayisebenzisa kanjani ifa lakhe, othisha:

• wabeka isibonelo sezimfanelo ezivelele ezifundweni zomlando nezincwadi;
• ukuhlela ama-movie sessions ewusizo ekufundiseni amazwe ngamafilimu;
• ubambe imikhosi yama-folklore;
• ukutadisha ezindaweni zokuvakasha kanye nokuhambela umlando wezwe labo;
• khuthaza izingane zesikole ukuba zihlanganise umndeni.

Indlela ye-axiological to culture

I-axiology yesiko ihlukanisa izindinganiso ezine eziphakeme ezihlelwe ososayensi ngezikhathi ezihlukene, futhi ezibonakala njalo ekuphileni okungokomoya:

1. Ukholo noma uNkulunkulu.
2. Kuhle.
3. Ubuhle.
4. Iqiniso.

Ukubaluleka kuhlanganisa indlela yokuhlelwa kokuphila komuntu, kudonsela okungokomoya engqondweni nasekuthandweni komuntu. Ngakho-ke, umsebenzi we-axiological ukuchaza ukubaluleka njengento eyaziwayo yomuntu ngamunye. Kunezigaba ezintathu zesiko ekuqalisweni kwamagugu:

1. Okuphansi kakhulu . Izigaba zokuziphatha zikhona njengokubalulekile.
2. Okukhethekile . Amanani angabonakala ngokuziphatha nangezenzo.
3. Ibanga eliphezulu . Inani eliphakeme kakhulu ngumuntu ngokwakhe ngesimo sakhe sengqondo emhlabeni.