Njengoba kubonakala izimpawu ezingathandeki, izifo zesifo se-endocrine, iziguli ziphendukela kumtholampilo ongakwazi ukuzithumela ku-endocrinologist. Abaningi bajwayelana nalesi dokotela okokuqala futhi babuzwa umbuzo: "Uthini isifo se-endocrinologist?". Emkhakheni wakhe womsebenzi yi-pathologies yezinhlaka ezibhekene nokukhululwa kwama-hormone emzimbeni, hhayi nje kuphela.
I-endocrinologist - ngubani lo futhi yini ephilisa?
Uhlelo lwe-endocrine lwendalo ludlulisa ulwazi phakathi kwama-tissu namaseli futhi, ngosizo lwe-hormone, lilawula umsebenzi wabo. Imisebenzi yomsebenzi kule nkambu ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okusebenzayo nokungaphazanyiswa kohlelo futhi ukuthola izindlela eziphumelelayo zokuqeda ukwephulwa okwenzekile. I-endocrinologist ixilonga futhi ithatha izifo ze-endocrine, ithatha izinyathelo zokuzivikela ukuze kwenzeke ukuhluleka okuphindaphindiwe.
I-endocrinologist - ngubani lo?
Lesi sisebenzi sezokwelapha singabhekwa ezinhlobonhlobo zochwepheshe. Nakuba engenza umsebenzi owodwa nje kuphela, isibonelo, i-endocrinologist-gynecologist iphatha izifo ze-hormonal ze-female genital area, futhi i-endocrinologist yenza imisebenzi ye- gland yegland . Kodwa ngomqondo ovamile, i-endocrinologist ingudokotela okhulula futhi olawula izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-pathologies ezihlobene nezitho ezingezona kuphela ze-endocrine, kodwa nezinye zezinhlelo, uma ukuphazanyiswa komunye kuphazamisa izinkinga zomunye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izigatshana ze-endocrinology zihlanganisa:
- isifo sikashukela;
- endocrinology yezingane.
Isifo sikashukela sinye yezinkinga ezivame kakhulu futhi ezivamile okuya kuchwepheshe wephrofayli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlolisisa futhi uphatha izifo zezilwane nezigulane: ugqozi we-thyroid, ugandane we-adrenal, i-pituitary gland, i-hypothalamus, njll. Izifo nemibandela eyenziwa yi-endocrinologist, kufaka:
- i-acromogy (ukukhiqizwa kwemali enkulu yokukhula kwe-hormone);
- isifo sikashukela insipidus ;
- izifo ezizimele;
- i-pancreatitis ;
- ukungakwazi kahle, kuhlanganise nesifo sika-Itenko-Cushing ;
- imfundo ekuguleni kwegciwane;
- ukwephulwa kwe-lipid metabolism, njll.
I-endocrinologist - yini ephilisa abesifazane?
Yini i-endocrinologist ephathekayo ngobulili obuhle? Izifo zesifazane zesimiso se-endocrine zivame ukuhlotshaniswa nekhanda le-thyroid. Lezi zi-pathologies ezifana ne-hypothyroidism ne-thyrotoxicosis, i-autoimmune thyroiditis, i-goiter-toxic, nodular ne-goiter ephilayo, izicubu. Izinkinga nge-lactation, ngokweqile kwama-hormone wesilisa - lezi zinkinga zixazululwa udokotela. Ngezinye izikhathi owesifazane ubonisa ukwephulwa kwezigulane zobulili, okubhekene nokulibaziseka emjikelezweni wokuya esikhathini, ukukhathala kanye nama-ovaries we-polycystic.
Kodwa ekutholeni udokotela eze nezinye izizathu, hhayi ezihlobene nezifo. Kuyo yonke impilo, owesifazane angase adinge iseluleko esivela kuchwepheshe:
- Kunconywa ukubhekana nayo esigabeni sokuhlela ukukhulelwa .
- Ukubonisana nodokotela kuvame ukudingeka ngesikhathi sokubeletha kwengane (ukuhlola okuhleliwe futhi ikakhulukazi uma kukhona ukwephulwa).
- Ukuhlolwa kokuvimbela kwenziwa ngabesifazane ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini.
- Ukukhethwa kwezizalo zokubeletha kwe-hormonal kungaphathwa ngokuphepha ku-endocrinologist.
I-endocrinologist - yini ephilisa amadoda?
Njengoba izibonakaliso ezibonakalayo ezibonisa ukuthi i-pathology ye-hormonal system, iziguli zesilisa zithunyelwa ku-endocrinologist, ngezinye izikhathi ngokubambisana nohambo lwe-urologist. Ukudlula amahomoni wesifazane (kubonakala ekukhuseni kwama-glands), ukuphazamiseka komsebenzi wezocansi, isisindo esiningi, njll - izinkinga ezibhekiswe kudokotela. Uhlobo luni lwezifo lapho i-endocrinologist iphatheka ngayo amadoda?
- ukungabi namuntu;
- izicubu ze-apodoma;
- ukwehlukana ekuthuthukiseni izigonda zesondo;
- ukulahlekelwa kwe-androgen;
- i-aprostatitis ne-prostate adenoma;
- ukwephula emzimbeni we-calcium metabolism.
I-endocrinologist - yini ephilisa izingane?
I-endocrinology yezingane isinye sezigatshana zalesi sigaba semithi. Isazi sibhekene nezifo ezibangelwa ukubeletha nezifo ezitholakalayo, libheke ukusebenza kahle kwezigulane nezinhlaka. Ukungalingani kwe-hormonal kungenzeka uma usemncane. Indawo yenkinga inquma ukuthi yiziphi izifo ezithatha isifo se-endocrinologist.
- I-Hypothyroidism - ukuntuleka kwe-hormone yegciwane - ngezinye izikhathi kuholela ekunciphiseni kwengqondo.
- Umphumela wokusebenza okungalungile kwegciwane le-pituitary kuwubuciko kanye ne-gigantism.
- Uma izinhlayiya eziyingozi zisebenza kabi, zikhiqize i-cortisol encane namanye ama-hormone, isifo esingavamile sika-Addison nesifo se-goiter esingajwayelekile.
- Ama-anomalies ekuthuthukiseni izigulane zobulili abonakalisiwe esikhathini sokusakaza.
I-endocrinologist ithatha kanjani ukwamukela?
Ukwamukelwa kwe-endocrinologist kunconywa kanye ngonyaka, ikakhulukazi amadoda nabesifazane emva kweminyaka engama-45-50. Kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uneminyaka yobudala, udinga ukuqapha impilo yakho futhi unganaki noma yiziphi izinguquko ezithinta uhlelo lwe-endocrine. Umuntu kufanele aqaphele izimpawu ezifana nokujuluka okukhulu, ukukhwabanisa okuqhubekayo, ukukhathala okungapheli, ukuthuthumela, ubuhlungu obuhlangene, njll. Zonke iziguli ezazidluliselwa kudokotela okokuqala zibuzwa: kanjani i-endocrinologist ithatha ukuqashwa kukadokotela? Lolu hlelo lulandelayo:
- Njengazo zonke odokotela, ochwepheshe kulo mkhakha uqala ukuthola isiguli, ukuqoqa anamnesis, ukuthola izikhalazo nokufunda irekhodi lezokwelapha isiguli. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukutholakala kwezifo ezingapheli.
- Udokotela uqhuba uhlolo.
- Isiguli sidlula izivivinyo futhi sibuya okwesibili ngemva kokuba imiphumela isilungele.
Yeka ukuthi kudlula kanjani noma kuqhutshwa ucwaningo nge-endocrinologist?
Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kwe-endocrinologist akudingi ukulungiselela futhi cishe kufana. Udokotela uphazamisa ukucindezeleka kwegazi, ukugulisa, ukuhlola isikhumba somile, ukulalela inhliziyo, ukuhlola i-thyroid (ukuhlola ukutholakala kwezakhiwo, kulinganisa ubungako nokufaniswa kwesakhiwo) kanye nama-lymph nodes. Ukuhlukanisa kuyindlela eyinhloko udokotela ayisebenzisayo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi isiguli siyalwa futhi sibuzwa ngokushintshashintsha kwesisindo sokunquma ukuthi kukhona yini ukuthambekela kokukhuluphala, ukukala ukuphakama kwakhe. Futhi ehhovisi likadokotela kukhona i-glucometer.
Ukubonisana kwe-endocrinologist
Ukwazi ukuthi i-endocrinologist ixilonga futhi ithatha kanjani, ungayibhekisela lapho izibonakaliso zokuqala ze-malaise zivela, kubonisa izinkinga ze-hormonal, isifo sikashukela nezinye izifo. Isiguli kufanele silungele ukuphendula imibuzo mayelana nokugula okungapheli, isimo sempilo okwamanje, izimpawu zokuqala zokulimala. Ngezinye izikhathi iseluleko se-endocrinologist siyadingeka njengokuvimbela. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kubesifazane abahlela ukukhulelwa, kodwa banezinkinga nge-endocrine system.
Yikuphi ukuhlaziywa okhethiwe noma okhethwe yi-endocrinologist?
Ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa nokubuzwa kwesiguli, udokotela ubeka ukuthi kuqhutshwa izivivinyo zama laboratory ezizokwenza isithombe esifanele saleso sifo. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-endocrinologist kungafaka:
- igazi legazi biochemistry;
- I-Ultrasound yezitho zangaphakathi, i-thyroid;
- ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile komchamo negazi;
- ukulethwa kwegazi kuphrofayli ye-hormonal;
- ucwaningo ngoshukela, njll.
Nini ukuxhumana no-endocrinologist?
Ngenxa yezinhlayiya zokufihla ngaphakathi, ama-hormone asiza umzimba ukuba usebenze ngendlela efanele. Ukweqile noma ukuntuleka kwama-hormone (eyodwa noma eziningana) kukuqaphela izimpawu ezingathandeki, kodwa hhayi njalo. Ukungazinaki izibonakaliso zezifo kudidekile ngokudideka ngubanda, ubuthi kanye ne-malaise encane, ngisho nokuzimela ngokuzimela. Kubuhlungu kakhulu isimo sezempilo. Kodwa kukhona amacala uma kudingeka ukuba uxhumane ne-endocrinologist ngokushesha. Izimpawu ezingenakunakwa:
- Ukucindezeleka njalo nokukhahla emqaleni, kushintshana ekugqibeleni kwezwi. Mhlawumbe, iphutha emgodini wegciwane liwukusola.
- I-mood ishintsha, ukukhala, ukucasula. Ngakho isimiso sezinzwa sibhekene nezifo ze-hormonal.
- Ukudayela okusheshayo noma ukwehlisa isisindo. Ukuguqulwa okubukhali kwesisindo somzimba kubonisa ukuthi kunezinkinga ze-endocrine.
- Ukukhula kwezinwele okusebenzayo noma ukulahlekelwa izinwele. Lapha, ukulungiswa kwe-hormone kuyadingeka.
- Izimpawu ze-hypothyroidism - ukunciphisa ukugxila, ukulala, ukukhathala.
Iseluleko se-endocrinologist
Ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile, i-endocrinologist ihlobene nezinye iziqondiso zezokwelapha. Kungathunyelwa kuye emva kokuhlolisiswa kwe-therapist, udokotela wezingane, isazi sokubeletha. Muva nje, umsebenzi ohlangene we-endocrinologist-nutritionist uthola ukuthandwa, okusiza ukujwayelekile ukudla, ukuzuza isisindo noma ukunciphisa. Umsebenzi walo oyinhloko ukuveza ukuphazanyiswa kwezinqubo zokuqubuzana kwezidakamizwa ezenza ukukhuluphala. Amacebiso endocrinologist indlela yokulahlekelwa isisindo kubandakanya ukuchaza ukudla nokuzivocavoca. Njengoba kunikezwe i-anamnesis yesiguli, indlela ngayinye isondelene ngayo.
Amathiphu asemqoka, afika kuchwepheshe, akhathazeke ngomsebenzi wegciwane le-thyroid, ukuqinisa nokuvikela izifo.
Izincomo ezinikezwa udokotela zilandelayo:
- Ukusekelwa ngokujwayelekile komzimba - ukulala okunempilo, ukuzivocavoca, ukudla okunempilo efanele.
- Ukwenqaba utshwala nokubhema.
- Ukugwema ukushisa okukhulu (kubanda, ukushisa).
- Ukunikezwa kwe-iodine yomzimba ukusetshenziswa kokudla okune-iodine.
- Ukwehliswa kokucindezeleka kokucindezeleka.
- Ukuvakasha konyaka ku-endocrine.
Noma yisiphi isifo kulula ukuvimbela kunokususa kamuva. Ukuqonda lokho okwenziwa yi-endocrinologist, ungabhalela lochwepheshe uma unempawu eziyingozi futhi usola ukuthi isifo se-endocrine siphila. Ukuqondisa isiguli kuzosiza udokotela emsebenzini noma ochwepheshe emtholampilo, uzobhalela ukudluliselwa kwesikhombimlando.