Ukuziphatha okuluthayo ekuthandweni kwengqondo - izinhlobo kanye nezimbangela

Abekho abantu abazimele futhi wonke umuntu unalo lokhu noma lokho kuxhomeke ekudleni - izidakamizwa nezidakamizwa zibheke. Ukuziphatha okuluthayo kudlula okungavamile, futhi kungumngcele ophakathi kwemvelo nokujwayelekile. Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, ukudla ngokweqile kanye nendlala, isidingo sokuthenga okungapheli kwezinto - konke lokhu kuyindlela yokuxhomeka.

Ukuziphatha okuluthayo - kuyini?

Emashumini ambalwa eminyaka edlule, "ukulutha umlutha" kwakubhekwa njengegama emisebenzini yama-narcologists futhi lisho ukuthembela komuntu ezinhlobonhlobo zamakhemikhali. Kuze kube manje, ukuziphatha okuluthayo kuyindlela yokuziphatha okulimazayo okuhloselwe ukuzibulala. Umlutha ngumuntu ozama ukugwema ukungokoqobo ngezinkinga zayo ngokushiya ngosizo oluthile oluthile lokuthembela ezintweni, izenzakalo, izinto. Lapho umlutha, umuntu uqala uxhumano oluqinile ngokomzwelo noma okunamathiselwe kuye into encike kuyo.

Izimbangela zokuziphatha okuluthayo

Umqondo wokuziphatha umlutha uhlanganisa izimbangela eziningi noma izidingo zokuqala:

1. Izizathu eziphilayo . Ngo-1990, isazi sesayensi saseMelika uK. Blume senze ucwaningi ngezofuzo zokudakwa ngokweqile, sathola isakhi sokulutha, esabiza ngokuthi "i-gene gene". Kamuva, ekutadisheni abantu abajwayele ukubhema, ukudla ngokweqile, leli gesi laphinde labonakala. Esinye isizathu ukuthi isikhungo senjabulo ebuchosheni bomlutha asisebenzisi kahle futhi umuntu uqala ukugcwalisa ukungabi nenjabulo ngosizo lwezinto zokwenza izinto noma ukuphelelwa amandla.
2. Izizathu zenhlalo . Izimo ezihambisana nokuthuthukiswa komuntu wokulutha:

• ukunganaki abazali
• izingxabano zomndeni, amahlazo amakhulu;
• ukunganaki izinkinga, imizwa yengane;
• abazali "bathululela" izinkinga ngotshwala, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa.

Izazi zengqondo zihlukanisa ngokwahlukana izizathu ezihambisana nezici zomuntu siqu zokuthuthukiswa komlutha (ngokuvamile lokhu kubonakala ekukhuleni):

• ukuhluleka ngokomzwelo;
• isifiso sokuma phakathi kontanga;
• izinga eliphansi lokuvumelana nezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi;
• ukuvuthwa komuntu;
• ukuzivikela;
• isifiso sokuzwa okunzima, okuphazamisayo.

Izimpawu zokuziphatha okuluthayo

Ukulimala ekuziphatheni komlutha akubonwa ngaso sonke isikhathi ezinyathelweni zokuqala futhi kunzima ukucacisa uhlobo oluxhumayo lokuxhomeka. Izimpawu ongazibona ubuntu bomlutha:

• ukwesaba nokubekezelelana kwesizungu;
• ukwesaba ukunqatshwa;
• ubungozi ekuphenduleni ukugxeka;
• ngenxa yokwesaba ukwenqatshwa, uyavumelana nabanye, ngisho noma bengalungile;
• akukho mqondo wemfanelo;
• ukuphosa;
• ukukhathazeka nokusebenza ngokomzwelo;
• imikhuba kanye nezenzo eziphindaphindiwe (eziphindaphindiwe) ngokuziphatha;
• okuthandwa yiqiniso langempela;
• Izinguquko eziqhubekayo esimweni se-psychophysical.

Izinhlobo zokuziphatha komlutha

Ukuziphatha okuluthayo kanye nezinhlobo zayo ezinobuchopho bendabuko kanye ne-narcology:

1. Umlutha. Ukufisa okuhlangenwe nakho okusha, okungafundiwe kususa konke okuvela ekuphileni okungahlobene nezidakamizwa.
2. Utshwala. I-propensity yokuphumula futhi "igcobe" izinkinga zabo kotshwala - iholela ekusungulweni ngokushesha kokuxhomeka kotshwala.
3. Ukulutha kocansi. Ukuhlukumezeka, ukubonisana - ukuphazamiseka kokuziphatha ngokocansi, kuyisici salabo abakhulela emndenini obandayo ngokomzwelo noma aba yizisulu zobudlova ngokocansi ebuntwaneni.
4. Ukulutha kokudla. I-anorexia ne-bulimia bedla ukuphazamiseka. Ukuzila ukudla kungenxa yomlutha ngendlela yokuziqhenya ngokunciphisa "ubuthakathaka" bomzimba. Nge-bulimia - ukudla kuba indlela yokuphazamisa umuntu emicabangweni edabukisayo, imizwa yokungahleleki.
5. Ukulutha kwe-intanethi. Ukushiya izwe langempela ngendlela engavamile.

Ukwelashwa kokuziphatha komlutha

Ukuziphatha okuqhubekayo kokulutha kuyinkimbinkimbi yokwelapha, uma umlutha ungaqapheli umlutha wayo. Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kwenziwa ngumhlengikazi wezifo zengqondo, kanti nokukhwabanisa kwamakhemikhali kuhambisana nokuphathwa kongcweti e-narcology. Ukulungiswa kokuziphatha okuluthayo, ngaphezu kwemithi yokwelapha, kuhlanganisa i-psychotherapy. Ukuziphatha okuluthayo kwengqondo kulungiswa ngempumelelo ngezindlela zokwelashwa kokuziphatha.

Ukuziphatha okuluthayo - izincwadi

Lapho umuntu oseduze eshintsha futhi engekho ngcono, kunobunzima bokuqonda ukuthi kwenzekani kuye. Izincwadi ezikulesi sihloko azishintshi izeluleko zengcweti, kodwa zisiza ukukhanyisa izinkinga ezivelele:

1. "Isiqondiso se-addictology" V.D. I-Mendelevich kanye nabalobi ababambisene nabo. Le ncwadi ichaza ukuthi yiziphi izidakamizwa nokuziphatha okuluthayo ezisesitayela esithile esiyisayensi.
2. "Ukukhululeka kwezidakamizwa noma isikole sokukhetha okuphumelelayo" Kotlyarov. Le ncwadi yabhalwa iziguli. Iqukethe amasu awusizo, izifanekiso, imifanekiso.
3. "Emilutha kanye nokuziphatha okuluthayo" V. Kachalov. Yiziphi izixhomeke.
4. "Ukuvimbela izidakamizwa ezinganeni nasebasha" I-Trubitsyna L.V. Le ncwadi isetshenziswe kwisici esibalulekile sokuziphatha komlutha - ukuvimbela.