Ezinye izinto ezisemvelweni zinethonya elibi emzimbeni ngenxa yokweluleka okukhulu kwamasosha omzimba. Ngenxa yalokho, ukusabela okubangelwa ukwelashwa okwenzekayo, okubangelwa ukukhiqizwa kwama-antibodies ethize (i-immunoglobulins E) ekungeneni kwe-stimuli egazini, e-lymph kanye ne-digestive tract.
Izinhlobo zokuphendula okweqile
Ngokuphelele, izinhlobo ezine ze-pathology echazwe zihlukile.
Ikilasi lokuqala lihlanganisa ukubhekana ne-anaphylactic ye-allergen yehlobo oluseduze. Ziyakhula ngokushesha, kungakapheli imizuzu embalwa noma amahora emva kokuxhumana ne-histamines.
Isifo salesi sifundo sibonakala ngokunyuka kokubonakala komzimba nokwandiswa kwezindonga zemithambo yegazi, ukuncipha kwezicubu zomzimba ezibushelelezi. Lokhu kubonakala kulezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:
- i-urticaria;
- ukuphazamiseka kwe-anaphylactic;
- ukuhlasela kwe-asthma ye-bronchial (atopic);
- i-spasms;
- okusanhlamvu okungamanga;
- i-vasomotor rhinitis;
- ukuvuvukala kwezinambuzane ezimangcwaba;
- ukwabiwa kwenqwaba ye-mucus enamahloni ebusweni be-bronchioles.
Futhi, ukusabela okujulile kwe-allergenic kubangela ukukhwehlela okucindezelayo okukhulu, ikhala eligijimayo, ukukloloda nokukhala.
Uhlobo lwesibili lwesifo lubizwa nge-cytotoxic (i-cytolytic). Kuyashukunyiswa ukukhululwa kwama-immunoglobulin hhayi kuphela kohlobo lwe-E, kodwa futhi no-G noM. Ukubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo ejwayelekile kubonakala cishe emahoreni angu-6 ngemva kokuvezwa kwezinto ezinzima, okuhambisana nokufa kwama-antigens emzimbeni womuntu nokunciphisa imisebenzi yabo yokuzivikela.
Ngokuvamile, ukusabela okunjalo okubangelwa ukwelapha kwenzeka ngezidakamizwa nezifo ezithile:
- I-Rhesus-impikiswano;
- isifo se-hemolytic;
- i-thrombocytopenia ;
- i-hemolytic anemia.
Ngokuvamile, lolu hlobo lwe-pathology luthinta izinsana nezinsana kuze kube izinyanga ezingu-6, kodwa futhi kwenzeka kubantu abadala.
Ezinye izinhlobo zemizwa ye-allergen zihlobene nokubambezeleka kwezinqubo ze-hypersensitivity. Zihlotshaniswa nokungena ezinhlobonhlobo zokuvuvukala kwezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamangqamuzana e-leukocyte ezithatha indawo yesikhumba esonakalisiwe ngamafayili ahlangene.
Ukuphendula okwenziwe okwephuza uhlobo lokulibaziseka
Isigaba sesithathu sesifo sibangelwa nokukhiqizwa kwama-immunoglobulins E, G noM.
Ukubonakala kwezimpawu kuqhubeka phakathi kwamahora angu-7-12 ngemuva kokuxhumana komuntu onomsindo ovela endaweni yangaphandle. Iqembu lezimpawu libizwa ngokuthi ukusabela kwama-immune complexes noma i-Arthus phenomenon.
Izinhlobonhlobo ezinikezwayo zokungezwani komzimba zijwayele izifo ezilandelayo:
- i-arthritis ye-rheumatoid;
- i-dermatitis;
- i-systemic lupus erythematosus ;
- i-conjunctivitis;
- i-immunocomplex glomerulonephritis;
- isifo se-serum.
Uhlobo lokugcina lokuphendulwa kwemizwa lubizwa ngokuthi i-hypersensitivity sekwephuzile, njengoba iqala amahora angu-25-72 ngemva kokuxhumana ne-histamines.
Izimpawu eziqaphele:
- umonakalo esikhumbeni;
- izinqubo zokuvuvukala ezingxenyeni zomuthi wamathumbu;
- ukunqotshwa kwepheshana lokuphefumula.
Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi lezi zibonakaliso ziyizici ngenqubo yokwenqatshwa kwezitshalo emva kokufakelwa kwesitshalo.
Ukusiza kokuqala ukuphendula okuqhamukayo
Okokuqala, kubalulekile ukukhipha noma yikuphi othintana nabo abanezikhalazo. Ngokuthuthukiswa kokuphefumula komzila wokuphefumula nokuvinjelwa kokufinyelela emoyeni, izidakamizwa eziphikisanayo (i-intramuscular or intravenous) kufanele zenziwe ngokushesha.
Ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo kuxhomeke kulokho okubangelwa yizinto ezibangelwa izimpawu, kanye nobukhulu bokubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo. Ukuthatha ama-antihistamine kumele kulandelwe kuze kube yilapho izibonakaliso zemizimba yokungena ziphela.