Isimo esinjengokukhungatheka seyejwayelekile kakhulu ezweni lanamuhla. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umuntu uzama ukufeza okuningi, kodwa lokhu akusebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngenxa yalokho, umuzwa wokunganeliseki uqala enkingeni yengqondo , okubizwa ngokuthi ukukhungatheka. I-psychologist onolwazi kufanele axazulule le nkinga.
Ukukhungatheka - yini lokhu?
Ukukhungatheka kuyimbonakaliso yesimo sengqondo, ngendlela yokuhlangenwe nakho okubangelwa ubunzima obungenakunqotshwa. Kwenzeka uma umuntu engakwazi ukufinyelela imigomo ebekiwe noma ukuthola lokho akufunayo. Isimo esikhethekile esingokomzwelo sibangelwa izithiyo zangaphandle noma izingxabano zangaphakathi. Ukungabikho kwamathuba okwanelisa noma yisiphi isifiso kuholela emiphumeleni elandelayo:
- ukuphelelwa yisikhathi;
- intukuthelo;
- ukudumala;
- ukucasuka.
Uma umuntu ehlala kuleli zwe isikhathi eside, angase abhekane nokuhlehliswa okuphelele kwemisebenzi yakhe. Leli gama elithi ukukhungatheka likhona futhi livamile. Imelela isimo sengqondo, sibonakaliswe ngendlela yokunganaki nokukhathazeka. Umuntu uzama ukuthola injongo yokuphila, kodwa akekho. Kukhona umuzwa wokungabi nalutho kuleli zwe kanye nokungabi nesifiso sokwenza okuthile. Umuntu uzama ukuthola incazelo, kodwa akenzi. Ngakho-ke, ukucindezeleka, ukudikibala nezinye izimo ezinzima ezingokomzwelo zivela.
Ukukhungatheka kwe-Psychology
Ukuvela kokukhungatheka kubangelwa ukungafani phakathi kokufunayo nokwenyama. Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo kunesimo esithile se-psyche, lapho okulindelwe khona okungenakulungiswa kubonakala njengento yokukhohliswa, umqondo wokunqotshwa, izinhlelo ezingenziwanga kanye nemigomo. Umbono wezazi zengqondo uhlukile kakhulu.
- Ngokususelwa ekuchazeni incazelo kaFarber noBrown, ukuphazamiseka kokuphumula ngokomzwelo kungenxa yokuvimbela nokumiswa kokuphendula okulindelwe.
- U-Lawson uchaza njengokungafani phakathi kwezici ezimbili, umgomo nomphumela.
- I-Childe ne-Waterhouse ichaza ukukhungatheka njengento eyenza isithintelo.
Into efana nokukhungatheka ibhekwa njengento engokomzwelo empilweni yomuntu, enomthelela omubi emoyeni obulala ubuntu bomuntu. Kungenzeka futhi ukwandisa ukuhlukumeza ngokweqile nokubonakala kobunzima obuphansi . Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi inkinga efanayo ingavela cishe wonke umuntu, futhi akukho lutho okufanele lushinteke ngakho.
Ukukhungatheka Kwezenhlalakahle
Ngaphansi kwethonya lezimiso ezingathandeki, umuntu uqala ukubonakalisa emphakathini ongeyona inqobo ekuziphatheni kwakhe kwangaphambili. Unonya futhi uzama ukuxhaphaza abanye. Ukubonakaliswa kokuhlukunyezwa nokubhujiswa yizinhlobo ezikhethekile zokuzikhungatheka, okusongela ukulingana komphakathi. Ukukhungatheka komphakathi kungenxa yezici ezingathandeki:
- ezomphakathi nezomnotho;
- izinguquko kwisakhiwo senhlangano;
- izinkinga zomuntu siqu;
- ukungabi nesisusa sokusebenza;
- Izinga elanele lamakhono namakhono.
Ukukhungatheka - izimbangela
Izimbangela zokukhungatheka zingase zihluke. Ukungaziwa kombuso owethulwe ukuthi kungabangelwa ngisho nezici ezingezansi ezingokwengqondo. Okuyinhloko yilokhu:
- ukungabi nalutho olubonakalayo lokufeza imigomo ebekiwe;
- izinhlobo ezahlukene zokulahlekelwa;
- iphikisana kokubili ngaphakathi-umuntu kanye nabantu;
- izithiyo ezahlukene.
Uma umuntu engenazo izindlela, ulwazi noma amakhono okusebenzisa izinhlelo, ukuzethemba kwakhe kunciphise kakhulu. Lokhu kuthinta ukuziphatha kwakhe okuqhubekayo futhi kungaholela ekukhungeleni ukuziphatha. Esinye isizathu sezinkinga ezingavamile ezingqondweni ezingavamile ukuxazulula izingxabano ezingaphendulwanga isikhathi eside, futhi umuntu akatholi indlela yokuphuma kweso simo.
Ukukhungatheka - izimpawu
Izimpawu zokukhungatheka kumuntu ngamunye ziboniswa ngezindlela ezahlukene. Esikhathini sengqondo, leli gama lichazwa njengesimo esibucayi sengqondo esathuthuka ngokuhluleka okuqhubekayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kungaba khona izithiyo ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo ezingenakufeza imigomo ebekiwe. Uhlu lwezimpawu ezisemqoka luhlanganisa:
- ukukhathazeka;
- ukucindezeleka ukucindezeleka;
- ukunganeliseki kokubili ngezimo zokuphila futhi ngokwakho;
- kwehla ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo;
- ukuzwa okungenalutho ngokomzwelo;
- ukuphelelwa ithemba.
Wonke umuntu angabhekana nokukhungatheka ngendlela yakhe, kodwa ngokufanayo uholela ekuphukeni kombuso ovamile wengqondo . Kusobala ukuthi imbangela yalesi sikhathazo ingaba yinoma yini evela phezulu, kodwa isimo somuntu singase sihluke komunye: umuntu "unekwesaba", kanti omunye ukhululekile kakhulu.
Umehluko phakathi kokucindezeleka nokucindezeleka
Ukukhungatheka nokucindezeleka kukhona imiqondo ehluke ngokuphelele futhi ihluke komunye nomunye, kodwa ngokuvamile kuvame ukungena. Ukucindezeleka kungabamba ukukhungatheka, ngoba kunamandla. Umehluko walo ukhona lokuthi izinkinga ezikudala zinganqotshwa futhi zixazululwe. Zombili lezi zizwe zemizwelo zivezwa ezingeni elizithobayo ngesimo sokuzizwa ngokomzwelo. Ukucindezeleka yisimo esihlobene nokushaqeka okuthile. Lokhu kufaka:
- usizi olukhulu noma injabulo;
- ukungabi namabomu okungazelelwe;
- ukuvela kwezimo eziyingozi zokuphila;
- ukwesaba okungaziwa.
Ukukhungatheka nokuhlukumeza
Umzwa wokukhungatheka uvela ekunganeliseki kanye nokungabi nethuba lokuthola okufunayo. Ukunyakaza kuboniswa ngesimo sokuqeda amandla, kokubili kokuziphatha nokusebenza ngokomzimba. Ukubonakaliswa okunjalo kuwumphumela wethonya elinamandla lokucindezeleka, ukulahlekelwa noma ukudumazeka kunoma yini. Isimo singahlala izinyanga. Isekelwa ukukhungatheka futhi kuletha izinselelo eziningi. Zizibonakalisa ngokwazo ngokoqobo kukho konke. Ekuziphatheni, umuntu unempawu ezinjalo:
- ukulahlekelwa kwesithakazelo empilweni;
- ukungabi nesifiso sokuxhumana nabanye;
- ukunganakwa.
Ukukhathazeka ebuhlotsheni
Isimo sokukhungatheka sidluliselwa kuzo zonke izici zokuphila, kufaka phakathi ubudlelwane. Ngaphansi kwethonya lokucindezeleka ngokomzwelo, umuntu akanakunaka omunye umlingani, angamnaki amazwi akhe futhi acabange ngezinkinga zakhe. Konke lokhu kuholela ekubuyiseleni ubuhlobo. Umuntu uyathukuthelela imvelo futhi ubonise ukuhlukumezeka. Uye waphelelwa amandla, uhoxisa ngaphakathi kuye futhi uyaqhubeka ekhungathekile. Ebudlelwaneni kukhona ukuxabana, ukuphikisana, ukungaqondani, okungekho isisombululo esifanele kubhubhisa.
Ukukhungatheka Kothando
Ukukhungatheka kothando kuyisimo sengqondo, ngendlela yokuhlangenwe nakho, okungavela ngenxa yokuphumula ebuhlotsheni. Amazwe anjalo avame ukuzalwa kubantu abathintekayo entweni ngenxa yomqondo wobuthakathaka, kunokuba babe namandla abo nokuzethemba. Umuntu ohlangenwe nakho kakhulu ukuhlukana ebuhlotsheni uma encike kumlingani wakhe ezingeni lomzwelo. Kuphinde kwenzeke uma kungekho mphumela oyifunayo, umlingani olindelekile. Kubonakala ngesimo sezimpawu ezinjalo:
- ukuhlukunyezwa;
- ukucindezeleka;
- ukuphelelwa yisikhathi;
- ukukhathazeka;
- umuzwa wokunganeliseki.
Ukukhungatheka ngokocansi
Ukukhungatheka ngocansi kuyisici esithile esiyingqayizivele kwengqondo. Kuyinto engekho yokwaneliseka ngokocansi. Umuntu akakwazi ukuthola umuzwa wokwaneliseka ezingeni lezengqondo, noma ngokubambisana komzimba nomlingani wakho. Ukukhungatheka ngokobulili kuyisimo sokucindezeleka isimo sengqondo, eshukunyiswa ukudumala.
Isimo sokukhungatheka kubantu abesilisa ocansini obungavamile kungasuka uma bekulindeleke ukuthi kube nomphumela ohluke ngokuphelele, kodwa abawutholanga. Isibonelo, indoda yayifuna ukuzwa okuthile okukhethekile embhedeni, futhi ubulili bube yi-banal. Abesifazane banesimo esifanayo ngokomzwelo. Kungaba khona ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa , ukuleleka nokuphendulela okuhlukahlukene.
Indlela yokubhekana nokukhungatheka?
Ngaphambi kokuba ushiye ukukhungatheka, udinga ukubona izimbangela zayo. Ukubhekana nalesi simo, kunconywa ukufuna usizo kumuntu wezengqondo. Ukuze umuzwa wokuhlukumezeka wawususwa ngaphandle, kubalulekile ukwenza ezinye izindlela ezilula.
- Into yokuqala umuntu okufanele ayenze ubheka konke okuvela ngaphandle futhi ahlole ubukhulu bezinkinga zakhe.
- Ukuqaphela ukubaluleka kwezinhloso ezingavunyelwe.
- Yenza uhlelo lokusebenza uma imigomo yalo ibalulekile ngempela.
- Zama ukwamukela iqiniso lokuthi akukho lutho olwenzeka ngokushesha.
- Isikhathi esiningi sokunikeza ukuphumula nokuphumula.
Yenza okuthile okuwusizo kuwe. Kumqondo wokukhungatheka kuze kube phakade kusukela empilweni yomuntu, kubalulekile ukuphuma esimweni esinzima sokunganeliseki. I-psychologist onolwazi uyohlale ekwazi ukuthola imbangela, futhi ngokufanele udwebe uhlelo lokuphuma kuleso simo njengokukhungatheka. Uma umuntu eqaphela ukuthi ukufeza imigomo ebekiwe kuyisimo sangempela, akabe esengena esimweni esiyinkimbinkimbi sezingqondo.