Isifo sokulala noma i-narcolepsy yisifo esiyinqaba nesingavamile yesimiso sezinzwa esinesilinganiso se-1-2 abantu ngonyaka ka-2000. Amadoda athambekele kakhudlwana ukugula. Lesi sifo asibulali, kodwa singathinta kabi i-psyche futhi impilo yesiguli iholele ekulimaleni, ezingozini.
Kuyini i-narcolepsy?
Ukuhlukunyezwa yi-paroxysmal okuphazamiseka okungazelelwe kokulala lapho kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuvuka komuntu futhi kuhambisane nokulahlekelwa kokulawula phezu kwezwi le-muscle. Lokhu kwenzeka njengomphumela wesigaba sokuzila ukudla okusheshayo (okuphazamisayo) sokulala, lapho kunzima ukuvuka khona. Umuntu ngokujulile "uwela" ephusheni nganoma isiphi isikhathi sosuku, kunoma iyiphi indawo, ngesikhathi sokuthunyelwa kwanoma yiziphi izenzo ezisebenzayo.
Ukuhlukumezeka-i-hypersomnia ibulala ingqondo yesiguli. Ukukhathala okuqhubekayo nokulala, ngisho noma isikhathi sokulala sasingaphansi kwamahora angu-8 anconywe. Lokhu kuthinta ikhwalithi yomgomo wokuphila komuntu - lesi sifo singaba isilingo esinzima sokuqothulwa kwezidakamizwa: ukubhujiswa komndeni, umsebenzi kanye nosongo oluqhubekayo lokuphila.
Ukuhlukumeza nokuhlukumeza
Ukuhlaselwa kwe-narcolepsy, okungenakuqhathaniswa (ngo-80%) kuhlotshaniswa neziqephu ze-cataplexy: ukulahlekelwa okungalawulwa komsindo we-muscle, okuhambisana nokuwa, ukuqaphela kugcinwa. Phakathi kokuhlaselwa phakathi nosuku kunesikhathi sokuthi isiguli siphazamiseke, futhi izenzo eziningi zenziwa ngokuzenzekelayo. Ezimweni ezimbi, i-cataplexy ingaholela ekufweni komzimba okhubazekile (kuphela imisipha ye-eyeballs move).
Ukuhlukumezeka - Izimbangela
Isifo sokuhlukunyezwa ngenye yezinkinga ezingavamile zezinzwa. Izazi ze-neurologists zibiza ukucabanga okuhlukahlukene, phakathi kwazo izifo zengqondo , ukubonakaliswa kwe-schizophrenia, ukwephulwa kwesilinganiso se-neurochemical ebuchosheni. I-Narcoleptic syndrome ingenzeka njengesifo sesinye isifo esasathuthuka. Ucwaningo lwesifo sengqondo ososayensi lwabavumela ukuba babone izizathu eziyinhloko:
- ukuntuleka kwe-orexin A ne-B-neurotransmitters ezisiza ukuqhuba izimo zesisindo kanye ne-neurons. Uma umzimba ungakhiqizi ngokwanele lezi zinto, ukukhathazeka akufinyeleli kuma-neurons, umuntu ulele;
- ukubhujiswa ngokuzenzakalelayo kwe-neurons ene-hypocretin e-hypothalamus;
- i-genetic factor (ama-25% amacala, ku-anamnesis anezihlobo ezinokuhlukumezeka);
- i-diabetes mellitus (izinhlobo I no-II)
- ukutheleleka kobuchopho;
- i-craniocerebral trauma;
- ukukhathazeka kwengqondo;
- isithuthwane;
- i-sclerosis amaningi;
- izicubu ze-hypothalamus;
- ukukhathala ngokweqile, ukuntuleka okungapheli kokulala, ukukhulelwa okujulile kungaba izifo zesifo.
Ukuhlukumezeka - izimpawu
I-symptomatology ye-narcolepsy ivame ukuboniswa isithombe esibonakalayo esitholakala emtholampilo nasenkambini yeklasi ehambisana nezimpawu:
- lapho ehlala elele ngesikhathi sokulala emini (imizuzu engu-15-30), ukumelana nokulala kungalinganiselwe. Ivela ngomsebenzi wokuzidela (ukufunda, ukubukela i-TV, ukugeza izitsha), kodwa futhi kungenzeka ngezenzo ezisebenzayo;
- ukwehla kwe-muscle ithoni (i-75% yezigulane) zesiguli esithile (izingalo, imilenze), noma ubuthakathaka obukhulu - umuntu uwela phansi njengengozi. Isibonakaliso sandulelwe ukuqhuma okukhulu ngokomzwelo: intukuthelo, inzondo, ukwesaba;
- i-hypnagogic auditory kanye / noma i-miruconi ebonakalayo noma ingqondo (30%), ivuka lapho ilele, i-hypnopopic - ekuvuseni: eqinisweni, enemibala futhi eyesabisayo;
- ukulala ukukhubazeka (25%) - ngesikhathi sokulala noma ukuvusa, kunesifo esifushane esifushane sokukhubazeka (okungahambi kahle) lapho umuntu engakwazi ukuhamba khona. Lesi simo sihambisana nokukhathazeka okuqinile nokwesaba. Ukugula ukukhubazeka kungabonakali kubantu abanempilo.
Iyini ingozi yokuhlukunyezwa?
Ukuhlukumezeka yisifo ngesinye isikhathi esihlotshaniswa nezingozi ezinkulu ekuphileni, kokubili isiguli yena kanye nabantu abazungezile. Ukuhlaselwa kwenzeka izikhathi eziningana ngosuku, futhi kuze kube yilapho kwenzeka, umuntu (i-narcoleptic) angawela umgwaqo, aqhube imoto, asebenze ngezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi nezinqubo. Ingozi yokuthola noma ukulimala yanda izikhathi eziningana.
Ukuhlukumezeka - indlela yokuphatha ngayo?
Ikhwalithi evamile yokuphila yisidingo esiyinhloko somuntu ogula kakhulu, futhi ukuhlukunyezwa akuyona into ehlukile. Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngesisekelo sezikhalazo zesineke kanye nokuhlolwa okuningiliziwe ngumuntu obhekene nesimo semvelo. Udokotela ubeka i-polysomnography (ukuhlola ubuthongo bokulala ebusuku esibhedlela, ukuqapha isigaba sokulala ngedivayisi ekhethekile) kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-MSLT (esifundweni sokulala somsebenzi we-laboratory). Ngokusekelwe ekuvivinyweni, ukuguqulwa kwamaphethini wokulala kwenziwa, futhi umuntu angakwazi ukwahlulela ukutholakala / ukungabi khona kwesifo.
Isikhalo esifanele ngesikhathi kudokotela kanye nokwelapha kahle - kuncishisa kakhulu isimo sesiguli nge-narcolepsy. I-Narcoleptic ithatha izidakamizwa kumthamo we-prophylactic kulo lonke impilo, lokhu kukuvumela ukuba unciphise inani lokuthathwa, ukufezekisa ukuxolelwa. I-narcolepsy syndrome ebangelwa esinye isifo ukuqeda ukugula okuyisisekelo. Imithi yokwelapha esebenzayo ihlanganisa izidakamizwa:
- izidakamizwa - ukunciphisa kakhulu iziqephu ze-cataplexy, ukulala ukukhubazeka;
- ukuvuselela - ukususa ukulala, ukuthuthukisa umkhiqizo womuntu emini;
- amaphilisi okulala - ukuzinza ubuthongo ebusuku.
Ukuhlukumezeka - ukwelashwa ngamakhambi abantu
Ukuhlukumeza ngokweqile kuyaphilika, ababelethi abaningi nabahlengikazi bayabheka, kepha lokhu akunjalo. Imithi yendabuko ingaba usizo olwengeziwe kumuthi wokwelapha. Ukubonisana nodokotela kuyadingeka. Amagciwane asetshenziswe kulesi sifo:
- ukuchithwa komphumela wokukhipha umama;
- imbewu ye-dill - isenzo esithuthukisayo nesicabangela;
- izithelo ze-hawthorn - ukuqeda ukulala;
- ama-hoes of hops - umphumela wokuphumula;
- UMelissa - ujwayelekile ukwenza izinqubo zengqondo .