Ulwazi olujulile, olujulile, olunamathekisthi amaningi wezwe alinakwenzeka ngaphandle kwenqubo ephakeme yokucabanga - ukucabanga. Esikhathini sengqondo, kunezinhlobo eziningana zokucabanga, okungafani, okokuqala, kokuqukethwe: okuqukethwe okungabonakali, okubonakalayo okubonakalayo nokubonakalayo okubonakalayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona okunye, isici esiyinhloko esivela kuyo imisebenzi: izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi nezingokoqobo, futhi yini ehlanganisa uhlobo oluthile lokuqala lokucabanga luhlukaniswa ngokuthi: ukudala nokukhiqiza.
Ukwakhiwa kokucabanga okubukwayo-okufanisayo
Okuyinhloko yokucabanga okubonakalayo-okufanekisela ukuxazulula imisebenzi evezwe ngokumelela, izithombe (lezi zamuva zigcinwe kwimemori yokusebenza kanye neyesikhashana). Ngendlela elula, ibonakala emntwaneni wezingane zasenkulisa kanye nesikole esincane (iminyaka engu-4-7). Kule nkathi, kukhona ukuguqulwa okubonakalayo-okusebenzayo kuhlobo lokucabanga esikucabangayo. Ingane ayisadingeki, njengangaphambili, ukuthinta into entsha ukuze uyithinte ngezandla zakhe. Into eyinhloko ikhono lokukuqonda ngokucacile, ukulimela.
Kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi lolu hlobo lokucabanga lukhona phakathi kwabakhi, abakhi bemifashini, izinkondlo, ama-perfumers, abaculi. Isici salo esiyinhloko ukuthi umuntu ubona into ngokuhambisana nokusebenza kwayo, ihlanganisa ngobuciko izakhiwo ezingavamile zento.
Ukufundwa kokucabanga okubonakalayo-okufanisayo
Isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo saseSwitzerland uPiaget senza ucwaningo, ngenxa yokuthi kwakungenzeka kanjani ukuphetha ngokuthi izingane zicabanga ngemifanekiso ebonakalayo, hhayi eziqondiswa yizici. Ngakho-ke, iqembu lezingane ezineminyaka engu-7 likhombisa amabhola amabili akwenziwa ngenhlama futhi enomthamo ofanayo. Izingane, zihlolisise lezi zinto ngokuningiliziwe, zithi zifana. Okulandelayo, umcwaningi phambi kwalabo bonke abalaleli waphenduka enye yebhola ibe yikhekhe eliphala. Izingane nazo zabona ukuthi ibhola livele lishintsha indlela yalo, hhayi into eyodwa eyongezwa kuyo, kodwa naphezu kwalokhu, babenombono wokuthi lo mzamo ukhulise inani lokuhlolwa ebholeni eliphambili.
Izazi zengqondo zichaza lokhu ukuthi izingane zale minyaka azijwayele ukusebenzisa imiqondo ethile ukuchaza okwenzekile. Ezimweni eziningi, ukucabanga kwabo kuxhomeke ekuboneni kwabo. Ngakho-ke, lapho izingane zibukeka ibhola, zishintshile futhi zithatha isikhala esiphezulu, zicabanga ukuthi zanezela inhlama kulekhekhe. Lokhu kungenxa yokucabanga kwabo ngendlela yezithombe ezibukwayo.
Indlela yokuthuthukisa ukucabanga okubonakalayo-okufanisayo?
Ngisho nasemibhalweni ka-Aristotle, kubaluleka ukuthuthukiswa kwalolu hlobo lokucabanga. Ukwakha isithombe sengqondo kusiza umuntu ukuba agxilise kulo mphumela, ukuze alwele ukufeza okuhleliwe, akuvumela ukuthi uqondiswe ezenzweni zakho. Yilokho okusiza ukwenza kusebenze amandla okudala okuyilowo nalowo kithi. Labo abaye bahlakulela ukucabanga okucabangelayo bayakwazi ukucabanga ngokushesha kunabo abalawulwa imemori engabonakali (isibonelo, ijubane lohlobo lokuqala lokucabanga liyi-60 bits / isekhondi, kanye ne-abstract eyodwa-kuphela 7 bits / yesibili kuphela).
Ukuthuthukiswa kokucabanga okubonakalayo-okufanisayo kukhuthazwa yi:
- indawo ye-labyrinths;
- ukudweba;
- ukufunda, ukuhlaziywa okuqhubekayo kwabalingiswa abalingiswa abakhulu;
- ukuzivocavoca, ngenxa yalokho isithombe ngasinye, nesibalo sokuqala esiboniswe kuso, kufanele sakhiwe njengezinhlangano eziningi ngangokunokwenzeka;
- ukusetshenziswa kwamageyimu nokuhlelwa kabusha kwezinti, kufanisa (isibonelo, kubalulekile ukwenza ama-isosceles amabili angama-triangles of 5 matches);
- ukubhala izindaba lapho ingxenye enkulu engekho khona;
- Ukuzivocavoca ukuze ufune ama-analogs (kubalulekile ukuthola izakhiwo eziningi ezifanayo ngokusemandleni kunento eyodwa ekhethiwe nanoma yikuphi abanye).