Ijubane lisetshenziselwe njengomanyolo wezitshalo iminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi. Futhi lokhu kulungile ngokugcwele ukuthi liqukethe izakhi eziningi eziwusizo nezinto.
Ukusebenzisa utshani njengomanyolo wegadi
Uma ama-5-6 amathani enhlabathini ewela enhlabathini, utshani lungalucebisa nge-30 kg ye-nitrogen, 6 kg we-phosphorus, 80 kg we-potassium, i-kg kg ye-calcium ne-5 kg ye-magnesium. Vumelana, lezi zibalo zihle kakhulu. Yiqiniso, izimo ezithile kufanele zihlangane ukuze kugcwaliswe umhlaba ngalezi zakhi.
Okokuqala, utshani kufanele lube phansi emhlabathini emva kokulima okungenani izinyanga ezingu-8. Kuphela emva kwalesi sikhathi ungatshala izitshalo ezintsha lapha. Iqiniso liwukuthi utshani njengomanyolo luwusizo emazweni ahlakazekile. Uma sesifinyelele, liyakha ama-humus, okwenza izinto eziyigugu zenhlabathi. Ukuze kuphuthumise ukubola kwesitshalo esisetshenzisiwe, i-nitrogen yamaminerali iphindwe emhlabathini.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, utshani obunamandla kakhulu njengomanyolo luwumthombo omuhle kakhulu we-carbon dioxide, okuthinta ukuthuthukiswa kwezimo zokudla komzimba kwezitshalo. Umoya uthuthukisa isakhiwo somhlabathi futhi uvikela umhlaba ekukhuliseni, futhi kuvuselela izinqubo zamandla emhlabathini.
Ukusetshenziswa komshini njengombulunga nomanyolo kuvamile phakathi kwabalimi futhi ukuze kunciphise ukukhula kokhula. Kulokhu, i-mulch yobuningi ekwindla kuyasiza kakhulu ukuba iphunga emhlabathini, ukuze kuthi entwasahlobo, kwandiswe umkhiqizo wenhlabathi futhi kuthuthukiswe amandla okumunca wezingqimba zomhlabathi.
Yikuphi utshani obufanele ukutshala umhlabathi?
Ukutshala inhlabathi, utshani lwezitshalo nezitshalo kufanelekile. Kulesi simo, izitshalo ezomile zezitshalo kufanele zibe nesakhiwo se-tubular esincane futhi sibe nombala ophuzi noma obunamabala ngaphandle kwemifino eluhlaza kanye nokukhula kwamafungal.
I-straw ye-legumes decays ngokushesha kakhulu futhi iqukethe ubuncane bama-pathogens nezinambuzane, okubalulekile ukuthola umphumela omuhle ngokwemigomo yokwandisa inhlabathi ngaphandle kokulimaza kuyo.