Emizamweni yokucubungula ingadi yekhishi ithola umvuzo ngendlela yokuvuna okunengi, inhlabathi idinga ukukhulelwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Futhi ake abalandeli bezolimo bemvelo bathi kuphela i-organic ayilimazi inhlabathi nomuntu, abalimi abanolwazi abanolwazi bayazi kahle - iziqu zemaminerali ngesicelo esihlelekile ziphephile ngokuphelele engadini nasemphilweni.
Umanyolo we-nitrogen engadini
Ngentwasahlobo, lapho izitshalo zikhona esigabeni sokuthuthukiswa esebenzayo, zihlangabezana nesidingo esikhulu se-nitrogen. Ukunikeza inani elidingekile leli qembu kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa umquba wokutshala ama-nitrogen fertilizer. Nazi okuyinhloko:
- I-urea (i-carbamide) - ukugqoka okuphezulu nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nitrogen. I-Urea ingasetshenziselwa zonke izinhlobo zemifino, yahlakazeka ngaphambilini emanzini futhi isebenzisa kokubili izimpande kanye nama-foliar zokwelapha.
- I-ammonium nitrate ingumanyolo, oqukethe i-nitrogen yesithathu. It isetshenziselwa ukucubungula zonke izitshalo, ngaphandle izimpande izitshalo.
- I-nitrate ye-sodium ingumanyolo we-nitrogen osetshenziselwa ukugqoka okuphezulu kwezitshalo zezimpande.
- I-calcium nitrate ingumanyolo osetshenziselwa ukugqoka okuphezulu kwazo zonke izitshalo zemifino nezimbali, kanye nezitshalo zezimpande.
- I-ammonium sulphate iyimanyolo e-nitrogen evumelana nezitshalo ezikhetha inhlabathi enomsoco.
Amanyolo we-phosphoric amaminerali engadini
Ekupheleni kwehlobo nasekwindla, izitshalo kudingeka zivuthwe ngokushesha futhi zilungiselele ubusika. Usizo kulokhu bangenza i-phosphorus, ivuselele ukuvuthwa komzimba futhi ikhulise ukumelana kwezitshalo kubanda. Umanyolo wamaminerali oqukethe inani eliphakeme lemanyolo ubizwa ngokuthi "superphosphate" futhi usetshenziswe ekwindla, ngesikhathi sokumba.
Potassium umquba wamaminerali engadini
Ama-fertilizer e-potassium akhulisa umthamo wokuvuna, futhi futhi abuye athuthukise kakhulu izinga lezithelo, ukubukeka nokugcina ikhwalithi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ziphakamisa izakhiwo zokuzivikela zezitshalo futhi zizisize ukuthi zigcine amanzi. Ngokuvamile umanyolo we-potash usetshenziselwa ukuhlanganiswa nezinye izinhlobo zamanyolo we-mineral.