Ngo-1964, eCanada, izinhlobo ezintsha ze-apula zaziswa ngezikhathi ezithile. Omunye wabalimi baseCanada waphawula igatsha elingalindelekile kwi-Apple Maclesh. Leli gatsha lalingenaso amahlumela alandelayo, lakhula ngokuqondile, futhi kuhlanganiswa wonke amagatsha emifino amade afana nezithelo ezinkulu. Ngemuva kokuzama ukuhlanganisa kanye nokusika, umlimi wensimu waletha isihlahla se-apula esenziwe ngekholomu, esakhula manje eRussia.
Namuhla, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kweziyishumi nambili zezihlahla ze-apulale ezikhulayo ezikhulile ku-CIS. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlolwa kwababelethi kwabangele ukuthi ezinye izihlahla ze-colonial - cherry, pear kanye ne-plum - zisusiwe.
Imithetho yokufika
Ukutshala izihlahla ze-apula ezinemibala kungaba kokubili emathanjeni, nasezitshalweni. Kodwa kufanele kuqaphele ukuthi izitshalo ezikhulayo akuzona umsebenzi olula, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuzithenga ezinsizeni ezinokwethenjelwa. Lapho uhambisa, ungakhohlwa ukuthi izithombo ezincane zibuthakathaka kakhulu! Ukwengeza, ku-nursery uzotshelwa ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani kahle ama-apula okholomu, ukuze isivuno sibe esihle kakhulu.
Uhlelo lokutshala zonke izinhlobo zemithi yamakholoni lufana nalokhu: umgodi ovulekile wezimpande, ibanga eliphakathi kwezihlahla lingamamitha angu-90. Emgodini, amagremu angu-100 e-superphosphate nama-50 amagremu omanyolo we-potassium kufanele afakwe ngaphambi kokutshala. Umuthi otshalwe utshalwe kakhulu.
Ukukhula okunamandla kwezihlahla ze-apula kolonike kwenza ukuba abalimi bakwazi ukufeza imithetho ethile eqinisekisa isivuno. Okokuqala, zonke izimbali ezakhiwe ngonyaka wokuqala, kumele zisuswe. Kuphela kuphela ekupheleni konyaka wesibili ungashiya ku-seedling kuze kufike kuma-apula ama-5. Ukwandisa njalo inani lama-apula, uzosiza isihlahla ukuba sivumelane nomthwalo osindayo. Ukuqaphela ukuthi lo nyaka ama-apula anesayizi encane kunaleyo eyedlule, unciphisa inani lezithelo zesobunxele, ngoba umuthi awukwazi ukubhekana nomthwalo.
Izici zokunakekelwa
Ukunakekela izihlahla ze-apoloniid apula kufaka phakathi ukhula lwenkohlakalo, kanye nezihlahla ze-apula. Hlwanyela isiqu se-cereal culture noma ama-herbs aqoshiwe futhi ngezikhathi ezithile ugobe. Ukunciphisa okungeziwe nakho akulimazi.
Masinyane emva kokutshala izihlahla ze-apula ezibunjwa ngekholomu, ukuzinakekela kufanele zibandakanye ukuchelela okuqhubekayo kokunisela. Uma lokhu kungenakwenzeka, nisela amanzi izihlahla kabili ngeviki usebenzisa imibuthano ye-mulch. I-straw kuleli cala yisisombululo esihle kunazo zonke, njengoba kungadingeki ukuthi sibuyekezwe, isimo kufanele silungiswe, futhi umswakama kufanele wengezwe ngokwengeziwe. Kodwa ebusika lapho uvikeleka izihlahla ze-apple ezimise ikholomu, le mbozi kumele isuswe, ukuze ingadonseli amantonga. Ukuze indawo yokukhosela isebenzise i-lapnik, i-shavings eyomile eyomile. Ungangcwaba izihlahla ebusika ngeqhwa.
Isiteji esibalulekile sokunakekelwa ukuguqula izihlahla ze-apple ezimise ikholomu, okwenziwa hhayi ekwindla, kodwa entwasahlobo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuntuleka kwe-hormone yokukhula, okwenza kubekwe inani elikhulu lezinso eziqeda amandla emthini. Entwasahlobo yonyaka wokuqala, izithombo zisuswa ezimbili
Ngokuqondene nokufaka umanyolo, umanyolo osebenzayo usetshenziswa kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuJuni. Ungasebenzisa i-slurry, urea , i-nitre, noma i- droppings enokuvuthwa enkukhu .
Naphezu kobunzima obubonakalayo, ukutshalwa kwezihlahla kungenzeka ngisho nokuqala balimi. Izinkinga nokunakekelwa kwezihlahla ze-apple ezifakwe ikholomu zingaphezu kokukhokhelwa isivuno esicebile sama-apula anempepho. Futhi izihlahla ezihlanganiswayo zizokuvumela ukuba utshale ezinye izitshalo ze-horticultural esikhala esikhishiwe.