Ngokuvamile amabhange athola abantu abanezimo ezibolekayo zokubolekwa, lapho masinyane ungathola izindlu zakho. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ababonisi bathula ngokuzithoba ngalokho okushicilelwe khona, yiziphi izici zayo, futhi kuyini ingozi yokulahlekelwa kokubili izindlu nemali etshaliwe. Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe isikweletu, akuyona into engafanele ukuhlola kuqala imigomo yemalimboleko yokubolekwa kwempahla ezinkampanini eziningana zezezimali.
Iyini indlu yokuthenga futhi isebenza kanjani?
Igama elithi "mortgage" liboleka kumaGreki, ngokuhunyushwa lisho "isibambiso". Ngisho nasekutadisheni iziphakamiso zamabhange, akubona bonke abantu abaqondiswa ukuthi i-mortgage isebenza kanjani. Lapho sinquma ngendabuko yemali, amanye amabhange abuye acabangele imali engenayo yomndeni, aphathe umyeni noma umkakho njengababolekayo. Uhlelo lwe-mortgage lulula kakhulu:
- Iklayenti ithatha imali ebhange futhi ngokushesha nje lapho ibalwa ngokugcwele, idiphozi ihoxisiwe, futhi indlu noma imoto iba yindawo yakhe.
- Uma iklayenti ingakwazi ukukhokha, impahla isetshenziselwa ukudayiswa, ingxenye yenkambiso iyacinywa isikweletu, ngokucabangela isithakazelo.
Iyini indlu yokubolekisa ekhaya?
Ngokuvamile abantu bathatha izikweletu ukuthenga indlu, futhi amabhange ahamba ngokuzithandela ukuhlangabezana. Lena enye yezinsizakalo zebhange ezivame kakhulu - mboleko yokubolekwa kwempahla yezindlu. Yini ekulingayo emalini yokuhlala? Ibhange lidonsa indlu ngokushesha, hhayi lapho yonke imali ikhokhwe. Uma sikhuluma ngezindlu zokuthenga impahla, kufanelekile kusengaphambili ukubala izikhathi ezinjalo:
- kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuzokwenzeka yini ukukhokhela njalo ngenyanga inani elidingekayo iminyaka eminingi;
- kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhokhela ibhange uma ulahlekelwa umsebenzi wakho.
Uma unquma ukuthi uzobe ubolekisa imali noma cha, ibhange liyabheka ukuthi ngabe iklayenti lizokwazi yini ukunikeza imali yenyanga edingekayo, ngakho-ke indima eyinhloko idlalwe yinkokhelo, kuphela imali engenayo esemthethweni etholakala. Ezinye izikhungo zezezimali zicabangela kanye nezindleko ezengeziwe, okwandisa amathuba okuboleka, kepha akuzona zonke amaklayenti avumelana ukukhangisa le mali.
Iyini imali yokubolekwa komphakathi?
Emazweni amaningi, umbuso uhlangana nemindeni efuna izindlu, amaphrojekthi ethuthukisiwe, kanye nemalimboleko yokubolekwa kwempahla. Iyini imali yokubolekwa kwemali ekuhlelweni kwezinhlelo zomphakathi futhi ngubani onelungelo lokubamba iqhaza:
- Imigqa yezindlu ezingatholakali ngaphansi kwemibandela yokuthengiswa kwempahla.
- Abantu abalinde emgqeni ukuthuthukisa indawo yabo yokuphila.
- Imindeni emikhulu.
- Abaqedile iziqu zezintandane.
- Abasebenzi besigaba sezimali sesabelomali.
Umbuso unikeza abantu abanjalo inkokhelo ngemibandela ekhethiwe, ehlinzeka ngemali yokubolekwa kwezenhlalakahle. Isinqumo esiyinhloko sibheke ibhange, uma umndeni ungenayo imali engenayo eyokwenza ukuthi uvumele ukubuyiselwa imali, isikhungo sezimali sinelungelo lokunqaba. I-mortgage mortgage ibuye ihlanganise nezinhlelo zemikhakha yempi kanye nemindeni emincane, ngoba izimo ezinjalo zokuhlinzekwa kwemali yesondlo zinikezwa:
- Ukuboleka kwezempi . Ibhange libeka imali eyayiqoqiwe ku-akhawunti yesiphathimandla, ikakhulukazi ekuthengeni izindlu. Okunye okukhokhwa yi-state.
- Impahla yemindeni emisha . Kubo, uhulumeni ukhokha ingxenye yesithathu yesamba. Kunezimo ezimbili ezibalulekile:
- ubudala - hhayi eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-35;
- kufanele eme emgqeni wefulethi.
Izinhlobo zemali yokukhokha
Ochwepheshe banezinhlobo eziningana ezidumile zokukhokhelwa kwemali:
- On real estate.
- Endaweni yokuhlala noma indlu yezwe.
- On izindlu.
- Ezakhiweni ezintsha.
- Ekamelweni.
- Ku-cottage.
Ukuboleka kwezindlu ezisemakhaya - umkhuba wamabhange amaningi, amanani - kusuka ku-8 ukuya kwangu-15%. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zemali yokubolekwa kwempahla, umehluko ungowomnikelo kuphela: kusuka ku-10 ukuya kuma-50%. Ababolekisi bafunda ngokucophelela kokubili isibambiso nesimo sezimali somboleki futhi bangenqaba uma:
- izindlu zithengwa ezihlotsheni;
- ngemuva kokufa komnikazi wangaphambili, izinyanga eziyisithupha zidlula;
- umboleki unabantwana abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-18;
- omunye wabanikazi bokubambisana akuvumelekile.
Amabhange alinda kakhulu isimo sobuchwepheshe besakhiwo, lapho kukhishwa imali yokuthenga izindlu. Ngako-ke, amathuba okuthi bazokhipha imali yokuhlala efulethini lomphakathi, uhlobo lwamahhotela noma ehostele lincane kakhulu. Ukugqoka kwendlu akukwazi ukudlula iminyaka engu-55. Ukuhlelwa kwendawo yokuhlala kumele kuhambisane nemidwebo ye-BTI. Ngakho-ke, uma kukhona ukuthuthukiswa, ibhange linelungelo lokubhalisa ukushintshwa okwenziwayo.
Ingabe kufanelekile ukuthatha i-mortgage?
Imithwalo yempahla ezuzayo ixhomeke ngokuqondile kwizinga lesithakazelo sezindleko. Kucatshangwa ukuthi imigomo efanelekayo yokuboleka imali, uma izinga lediphozi liyancishiswa, ngoba inzalo yokukhokha inciphile. Kodwa amabhange amaningi acabangela zonke izikhathi, ngakho-ke inkontileka iqukethe inani elikhulu kunazo zonke, ngenhla lapho izinga lesithakazelo lingenakuvuka. Uma unenhlanhla, ibhange lingakhipha imali yokuboleka imali, kodwa akuwona wonke inhlanhla, hhayi njalo.
Izinzuzo ze-mortgage
Izinzuzo ze-mortgage yizo izindlu ezitholakala ngokushesha. Ungasebenzisa futhi leli fomu lokusekelwa kwezwe, njengenxephezelo yenzalo kumalimboleko. Wonke umuntu unelungelo lokudonsa intela yendawo, elibuyisela imali, futhi inxephezela inzalo. Kanye ngenyanga, inani lentela engenayo evela kumholo wamakhasimende libuyiselwe.
Ukuze uthole ithuba elinjalo, kubalulekile ukuhambisa enkonzweni yentela minyaka yonke:
- imibhalo ngakwesokudla ubunikazi;
- isenzo sokwamukelwa nokudluliswa;
- ulwazi mayelana nokukhokhwa kwemali mboleko.
Ukungahleleki kwe-mortgage
Izinzuzo zalesi sikweletu zisobala, kodwa kunezimo ezibucayi, okuphawulekayo ukukhokhwa ngokwezimali kwe-mortgage. Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi imali ebolekiswayo isungulwa iminyaka eminingana, inani liyabonakala kakhulu. Kunezici ezinjalo ezimbi:
- Awukwazi ukuthenga noma ukuthengisa izindlu, ubhalise amanye amalungu omndeni.
- Uma kungekho imali yokukhokha, ibhange linelungelo lokuthengisa indlu yokuhlala.
- Kuvinjelwe ukuqasha indlu.
Yikuphi okungcono - i-mortgage noma mboleko?
Ngokuvamile abantu bayanqikaza: yiziphi izikweletu ezizuzisa kakhulu noma izindleko zempahla? Impendulo ilula kakhulu: mboleko inenzuzo kakhulu kumthengi, futhi imali yokuboleka imali ibhange. Imalimboleko yokubolekwa kwemali ibeka imingcele ekusetshenzisweni kwezindlu, uma ukwephulwa komthengi kungaphula isivumelwano futhi kudinga ukukhokha sonke isikweletu. Futhi ngemali mboleko ngaphandle kokubambisana kungenzeka ukuthi uthengise indlu futhi ukhokhele nomkweletu, akuvunyelwe ukulahla impahla. Ngakho-ke, impendulo isobala, kodwa isinqumo siklayenti sincike ezintweni eziningi.
Yikuphi okungcono - i-mortgage noma mboleko?
Njengoba kunikezwe izidingo ezinzima ze-mortgage, amakhasimende amaningi akhetha isikhathi eside, engabaza phakathi kwe-mortgage nemali mboleko. Futhi bavame ukukhetha ngokuvumelana nalokhu okulandelayo. Into eyinhloko ukuthola ama-guarantors, imali engenayo okungenani eyodwa okumele ingabi ngaphansi kwayo kunomboleki. Yiziphi izinzuzo zendlu yokuhlala?
- Ifulethi liyadlula.
- Thatha indawo yokuhlala ibhange alisekho.
Yini okudingayo ukuthatha i-mortgage?
Ukwenza i-mortgage, udinga ukulungisa iphakheji elidingekayo lamadokhumenti. Umbolekisi angase afune amadokhumende engeziwe ngemali yokukhokhela imali, amakhophi e-passports amalungu omndeni. Ababolekisi nabanakekeli nabo babonisa amakhophi amaphepha. Ngemuva kwalokho, yimuphi umboleko? Le mboleko yesikhathi eside ngebheyili. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukuhlinzeka isicelo se-mortgage, i-questionnaire yasebhange kanye nekhophiphi:
- ama-passports;
- isitifikedi somshuwalense somshwalense wepesheni kahulumeni
- ikhodi yokukhomba;
- ithikithi lempi lamadoda eneminyaka yobudala;
- imibhalo emfundweni;
- isitifiketi somshado noma isahlukaniso;
- izitifiketi zokuzalwa zezingane;
- incwadi yomsebenzi, eqinisekisiwe ngumqashi;
- imibhalo yengeniso.
Kungenzeka yini ukubuyiselwa imali ngaphambi kwesikhathi?
Ngezinye izikhathi abantu bathatha imali mboleko ngesisekelo semali engenayo enkulu, eyobuyisela imali mboleko ngaphambili. Amabhange akuvumela ukuthi ukhokhe imali yokuboleka imali kwenye yezinhlelo.
- Uhluke. Yonke imali yesithakazelo kanye nenhloko-mboleko ibuyiselwa ngamasheya alinganayo, ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwesivumelwano. Le nketho inenzuzo kakhulu kumthengi, ngoba kokubili isikweletu nesithakazelo sehla ngesikhathi esisodwa.
- Annuity. Okokuqala, inzalo iyakhokhwa, bese-ke ingxenye enkulu, izindleko zemali mboleko zingakhokhwa kuphela emva kokuthola inzalo. Intshisekelo iyabhekwa sonke isikhathi se-mortgage.
Ukwenza ukukhokhwa kwesikweletu sokuqala, kufanele ubhale isicelo esikhungweni sezimali izinsuku ezingu-30. Kuyafaneleka ukutadisha amaphuzu ngamaphrimiyamu omshwalense, ngoba iklayenti inelungelo lokubuyisela inani leminshuwalense, kodwa alilisebenzisi. Lokhu kungafaka isicelo kokubili izibopho zemali kanye nempahla. Ngemva kokuhlala ngokugcwele nebhange udinga ukuthatha isitifiketi sokuhambisana ngokugcwele nezibopho.
Ungabuyisa kanjani inzalo emalini?
Bambalwa abantu abazi ukuthi iklayenti inethuba lokubuyisela inzalo emalini yokubolekwa kwemali, uma ezuzisa inzuzo enjengokuthi "ukudonsa intela". Into esemqoka ukukhombisa ukuthi inhloso yesikhwama sokuthenga impahla yithengi yokuthenga indlu. Khona-ke umbuzo ngokubuya okulandelayo kwesithakazelo kuxazulula kalula. Sebenzisa leli thuba livunyelwe kanye kuphela. Kuziphi izimo ingabe inzuzo ayinikeziwe?
- Uma umnikazi wezindlu esethathe umhlalaphansi.
- Uma izindlu zathengwa ngumhwebi osomabhizinisi.
- Uma umdayisi nomthengi bebuhlobo obuhlobene noma obusebenzayo.
Kudingeka ukufaka amadokhumenti ngokuhlolwa kwentela, isinqumo sokubuyisela imali sithathwe kungakapheli inyanga. Kufanele kube yiziphi amaphepha ayisisekelo?
- umbhalo onelungelo lobunikazi bendawo ephilayo;
- isenzo sokuthola nokudlulisa indlu;
- inkontileka yokudayiswa;
- isivumelwano somboleko esikhwameni;
- amakhophi amadokhumenti okukhokha, lapho ukukhokha inzalo ebhange.