Umsebenzi ovamile we-myocardium unikezwa umoya-mpilo, oza negazi nge-artery coronary. Uma zonakalisiwe, ukulethwa kwezidakamizwa eziphilayo kudlulela futhi ischemia iqala. Ngaphandle kokunikezwa kwegazi okwanele, izicubu ze-muscle zibuthaka noma izinhlanzi.
Ischemic isifo senhliziyo - izimbangela
Ukukhubazeka okucatshangelwayo kubangelwa ukuphefumula kwamathambo we-coronary arteries of degree degrees. I-lumen yesitsha segazi ingancipha kancane ngenxa ye-plaque ye-cholesterol noma ivinjiwe ngokuphelele. Ngokumelene nesizinda se-atherosclerotic lesion, ezinye izimbangela ze-coronary disease (coronary heart disease) ziyanezelwa:
- i-spasm ye-artery coronary;
- i-thromboembolism;
- i-cardiospasm;
- ukuvinjelwa kwemikhumbi ye-coronary.
Ischemic isifo senhliziyo - ukuhlukaniswa
Lesi sifo sinenkinga enzima futhi engapheli. Kuncike ekutheni isimo sawo kanye nobunzima bezimpawu, kunezinhlobo ezinjalo zesifo senhliziyo esicukilisiwe:
- angina pectoris;
- i-infarction ye-myocardial ne-postinfarction cardiosclerosis;
- ukufa ngokuzumayo kwe-coronary;
- awubuhlungu noma uyisimungulu.
Ischemic isifo senhliziyo - angina
Uhlobo oluchazwe lwe-pathology luhlukaniswe ngamaqembu amaningana ngokuhambisana nezici ezenza ukuhlaselwa okubuhlungu. Isifo senhliziyo yesifo se-ischemic esiphezulu sibhekisela ku-angina (ukucindezeleka) okuzinzile. Zihlukaniswa ngezigaba ezine ezisebenzayo ngokweqile (I-IV). Izimpawu zalezi zingane zivela ekuphenduleni ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo noma ngokomzimba.
Isifo senhliziyo ischemic of unstable kind kwenzeka:
- ukuqhubeka;
- kuqala kuvela;
- ukuqala emva kokusebenza;
- postinfarction.
Ezinye izinhlobo ze-angina pectoris:
- vasospastic;
- ukuzenzekelayo;
- okuhlukile (i-stenocardia ye-Prinzmetal).
Ngokuvamile, ukuhlaselwa okubuhlungu kuyinkimbinkimbi yi-arrhythmia. Kubhekwa njengesimo esifana ne-angina ezinzile neyodwa. I-Arrhythmia ihlanganisa ukubonakaliswa kwemitholampilo yokwehluleka kwenhliziyo kwesokunxele:
- ukuphefumula;
- i-asthma;
- ukuvuvukala kwamaphaphu.
Ischemic isifo senhliziyo - infarction myocardial
Loluhlobo lwesifo lungaba lukhulu futhi lube lugxila oluncane, kuye ngokuthi izinga le-necrosis lezincubu zesisu. Isifo senhliziyo esibucayi se-ischemic noma isifo senhliziyo sidinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha esibhedlela, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kunezinkinga ezinkulu, kuhlanganise nokufa, ukuthuthukisa. Omunye wemiphumela evame kakhulu yokuhlaselwa okunjalo i-cardiosclerosis (ukubhuka kwe-myocardium). Utholwe ukuthi cishe cishe izinyanga ezimbili ngemuva kwe-infarction.
I-IHD - ukufa kwe-coronary ngokuzumayo
Isimo esingalindelekile, okumele siphumelele ukungazinzi kagesi kwe-myocardium. Uma isifo sehliziyo senhliziyo esiye sabangela ukufa noma ukufa esikhathini esingaphakathi kwamahora angu-6 emva kokuhlaselwa, ukufa kwe-coronary ngokuzumayo kuyatholakala. Kwezinye izimo, imbangela yenkinga ingakhonza ezinye izifo ze-myocardium - i-infarction, i-cardiosclerosis noma i-angina pectoris eyinkimbinkimbi.
Ifomu ye-icy-free ye-ischemic isifo senhliziyo
Lolu hlobo lwesifo alubangeli izimpawu nezikhalazo azikho. Kunzima ukuthola kunalokho okushiwo ngenhla kwe-IHD, ngakho-ke ukukhubazeka kuyaqhubeka kancane kancane futhi kuvame ukulimaza imiphumela eyingozi. Kubalulekile ukuvakashela i-cardiologist njalo ukuvimbela. Isifo esingaziwa esingasimuva se-ischemic isifo esiyinkimbinkimbi, esitholakala ngengozi ngisho nakubantu abasha. Ngaphandle kokwelashwa, kungaholela ekufeni okungazelelwe.
Izingozi ze-coronary heart disease
Kunezimo ezibeka phambili ekubukeni kwe-pathology embuzweni. Ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo senhliziyo ischemic kucasulwa yizici ezilandelayo:
- izakhi zofuzo;
- ukuguga;
- ubulili besilisa;
- ukucindezeleka komzimba ;
- isifo sikashukela mellitus;
- i-dyslipidemia;
- ukukhuluphala;
- ukungasebenzi kwesibindi;
- isisindo se-atherosclerosis.
Isifo senhliziyo saseCoronary sivame kakhulu kubantu abanokuphila okungenampilo. Kwenzeka ngokumelene nesizinda:
- ukubhema;
- ukudla okunengqondo;
- ukuphuza utshwala;
- i-hypodynamia;
- ukungabikho komsebenzi wokubusa nokuphumula.
Ischemic isifo senhliziyo - izimpawu
Ukubonakaliswa okujwayelekile komtholampilo wesifo esinikezwe isifo sobuhlungu besifo esibucayi esifundeni esiphezulu. Izimpawu ezisele ze-coronary heart disease azizona ezicacile, ngakho azihlosiwe njalo nezifo ezichazwe. Ngendlela engenabuhlungu yokugula, izikhalazo azikho ngokuphelele, futhi isimo somuntu jikelele sihlala sivamile isikhathi eside. Ezinye izimpawu zesifo se-ischemic:
- ukuphefumula, ikakhulukazi ngokuzikhandla ngokomzimba;
- ubuthakathaka;
- umuzwa wokungahambi kahle emsebenzini wenhliziyo, ukwephula isigqi salo;
- ukuzondwa nokuhlanza;
- ukuvuvukala emaphethelweni aphansi;
- ukuthuthumela;
- ukuphazamiseka noma ukuphazamiseka kokuzizwa.
Ubuhlungu besifo senhliziyo ischemic
I-pathology echazweyo ihambisane nokungakhululeki hhayi kuphela endaweni yesifuba. Ngokuvamile isifo se-ischemic sibangela ubuhlungu besifo kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba:
- isandla, ikakhulukazi esashiywe;
- emuva;
- umhlathi ophansi;
- ihlombe;
- i-scapula.
Izinzwa ezingathandeki zingaba nomlingisi (ukubhoboza, ukudonsa noma ukucindezela). Ekuqaleni, ubuhlungu abuhlali isikhathi eside, imizuzwana eminingana, bese kuthi. Kancane kancane, isifo senhliziyo siqhubeka, futhi izindawo ezimbi ze-myocardium zonakalisiwe. Lokhu kuholela ekubanjeni isikhathi eside, lapho isibonakaliso esibuzwayo sanda khona.
Ukuthola isifo senhliziyo ye-coronary
Lapho samukela, isazi sezinhliziyo siqoqa ngokucophelela i-anamnesis. Kubalulekile ukusungula isimo kanye nobude be-syndrome yobuhlungu, ukuhlobana kwayo nokuzikhandla ngokomzimba kanye nokwenzeka kokupheka ngamalungiselelo e-nitroglycerin. Ngesikhathi ehlolwa, udokotela uthola izibonakaliso zesifo se-ischemic:
- ukuba khona kwe-edema;
- ixuma lapho iphefumula;
- ukugcoba (imisindo enzima) emaphashini;
- ukwanda kwesibindi sesibindi (hepatomegaly).
Ukutholakala kokugcina kwesifo se-ischemic "ischemic" sisekelwe ezindleleni zokuhlolwa zezinsimbi kanye nama-laboratory:
- i-electrocardiography ejwayelekile noma ye-transesophageal;
- i-echocardiography ;
- ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwamaprotheni enzyme, ushukela, i-cholesterol nezinye izinkomba;
- i-coronary angiography.
Ischemic isifo senhliziyo - ukwelashwa
Ukwelapha kwalesi sifo kuncike ekuqinikeni nasekubunjweni kwawo. I-cardiologist ngayinye ikhetha izindlela zokwelapha isifo senhliziyo ischemic, kodwa kunezincomo ezijwayelekile kuzo zonke iziguli:
- Nciphise ukuqina kwanoma yimuphi umsebenzi wokusebenza. Kancane kancane, zinganyuswa ngesikhathi sokuvuselelwa.
- Buyisela isisindo esimweni esijwayelekile.
- Nciphisa ukungenisa usawoti namanzi.
- Lungisa imenyu. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukukhipha ngokuphelele imikhiqizo efaka isandla ekwakhiweni kwe-atherosclerosis - amafutha ezilwane, imikhiqizo yokubhema, ukudla okuthosiwe, ama-pickle, ama-dessert.
- Yeka ukuphuza nokubhema.
Ukumisa izimpawu ze-IHD nokubuyisela umsebenzi we-myocardium, isazi sinikezwe inkambo yokwelapha izidakamizwa. Uma kuhlangene nezinyathelo ezijwayelekile akukhiqizi umphumela wokwelashwa okulindelekile, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kunconywa:
- I-artery coronary bypass grafting (revascularization ye-myocardial);
- ibhaluni angioplasty;
- Ukuphoqa;
- I-bougie yemikhumbi ye-coronary (i-balloon dilatation).
Ukwelashwa kwesifo senhliziyo - izidakamizwa
Ukwelapha okulondolozayo kuthuthukiswa ngokwehlukana nesiguli ngasinye se-cardiologist, kodwa kukhona uhlelo olujwayelekile "ABC", olubandakanya inhlanganisela yamaqembu amathathu wemithi:
- antiplatelet agents - Thrombopol, Aspirin, Clopidogrel, Acecardol;
- beta-blockers - Niperten, Egilok, Dilatrend, Concor;
- ama-statins kanye nama-fibrate - iSimvastatin, i-Lovastatin, i-Atorvastatin, i-Fenofibrate.
Lapho kukhona izibonakaliso ezihambisana nezifo, izidakamizwa ezengeziwe zibekiwe. Isifo Ischemic - ukwelashwa:
- ama-anticoagulants - i-Heparin, i-Fenilin;
- nitrate - isosorbide mononitrate, i- Nitroglycerin ;
- ama-diuretics - uLasix, i-Furosemide;
- izidakamizwa ezinciphisa i-lipid - polikozanol, i-Nolipid;
- izidakamizwa ezingavamile - i-Amiodarone, i-Cordarone;
- i-inhibitors ye-enzyme yokuguqula i-angiotensin - i- Captopril , i-Enalapril;
- i-cytoprotectors ye-metabolic - Mexicor, Coronater.
Isifo Ischemic - ukwelashwa ngamakhambi abantu
Ukusetshenziswa kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha kuvunyelwe kuphela ngemvume ye-endocrinologist njengendlela yokwelashwa ephawulekayo. Ngosizo lwabo, ischemic isifo sinciphisa - amakhambi abantu kuncishisa ukucindezela ukwanda, ukusheshisa ukususwa kokungaphezu kwamanzi okuphuma emzimbeni futhi ngcono umzimba . Gcwalisa imisebenzi ye-myocardium futhi uvimbele i-necrosis yayo, ayikwazi.
Ukuvuna izitshalo kusuka kwesifo senhliziyo ischemic
Izithako:
- izimbali ze-hawthorn - 100 g;
- isithombo semithi Leonurus - 100 g;
- umbala we-chamomile - 100 g;
- amanzi abilayo - 120-150 ml.
Ukulungiselela, sebenzisa :
- Dry materials raw ukugaya uhlanganise.
- I-isipuni seqoqo kufanele ithulwe ngamanzi abilayo futhi ihlanganiswe.
- Yimela isisombululo imizuzu engu-20.
- Gwema uketshezi.
- Phuza yonke imithi yomuthi ekuseni ngesisu esingenalutho.
- Qhubeka ukwelapha kuze kube ngcono ukuphikelela enhlalakahleni.
Tincture ngenhliziyo
Izithako:
- i-garlic fresh - 50 g;
- i-vodka - 120-140 ml.
Ukulungiselela, sebenzisa :
- I-garate ka-grate, ungafaki ijusi.
- Thela i-gruel nge-vodka, gxuma.
- Ukuphikelela kusho amahora angu-72.
- Kathathu ngosuku, thatha amaconsi angu-8 omuthi, uwafake ku-isipuni samanzi apholile, ahlanzekile.
- Inkambo yokwelashwa yinsuku ezingu-7.
Ukuphulukisa i-decoction
Izithako:- izithelo ezomile ze hawthorn - 20 g;
- amanzi angama-200-220 ml.
Ukulungiselela, sebenzisa :
- Bilisa amanzi, faka amajikijolo kuwo.
- Bilisa isithelo imizuzu emibili, cisha umlilo.
- Yimela ikhambi ngaphansi kwesembozo noma ku-thermos amahora amabili.
- Nciphisa isisombululo.
- Half ihora ngaphambi kokudla ngamunye, uphuze amapuniko amabili. izinkezo zemithi.
Iyiphi isifo senhliziyo isingozi?
I-pathology ehlolwayo ingapheli futhi iqhubekela phambili njalo, eyenza umonakalo ongenakuguquka emithini yemotocardium nemiphumela eyingozi. Uma isifo senhliziyo ischemic siqala, izinkinga kungaba:
- i-cardiosclerosis ;
- ukungabi namandla kwe-metabolism yamandla;
- ukuphazamiseka kwe-automatism, ukuqhutshwa nokuzijabulisa kwe-myocardium;
- ukwephula imisebenzi ye-systolic ne-diastolic imisipha;
- ukuwohloka kokuthengiswa kwe-ventricle kwesokunxele ("i-cardiovascular stunned").
Ischemic isifo senhliziyo esiyinkimbinkimbi ezimweni eziningi kuholela ekunciphiseni okuqhubekayo ekujuleni kwe-coronary circulation. Kuhlangene nezinguquko ezibalwe ngokufakwe ohlwini futhi ukuqhubeka kwe-atherosclerosis ye-arteries, lokhu kubangela ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo okungapheli. Lesi sifo ngokuvamile siyisizathu sokufa kwangaphambili, ikakhulukazi amadoda asebekhulile.
I-prophylaxis ye-coronary heart disease
Ukuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-pathology echazwe, kuyadingeka ukuthatha izinyathelo zokugcina ukujikeleza esimweni esivamile futhi ukuvimbela ukuqina kwe-atherosclerosis.
I-prophylaxis ye-coronary heart disease:
- Ukunamathela emithethweni yokudla okunempilo, ukhetha ukudla okuncane kumafutha wesilwane kanye ne-cholesterol.
- Ukushiya ukusetshenziswa kotshwala nokubhema.
- Ngokuvamile futhi ngokuzibandakanya uhlanganyele emsebenzini womzimba.
- Qaphela umbuso wosuku, ulale ngokugcwele.
- Gcina isisindo esihle.
- Gwema ukukhululeka ngokwengqondo nangokomzwelo.
- Hlola ukucindezeleka kwegazi.
- Hlela ngokucophelela isazi sokuhlolwa kokuvimbela.
- Yenza i-electrocardiography njalo ngonyaka.
- Vakashela izindawo ezikhethekile ze-sanatoria, izindawo zokubhuka.