Inkinga yentuthuko efanele, ukudla okunomsoco nokukhula kubaluleke kakhulu kubo bonke abazali. Izingane zizalelwa ngokuphakama nesisindo, kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lezi zinkomba ziphi, bonke omama nabazali abancane abalandela ngokucophelela ukuthuthukiswa ngokomzimba kwengane yabo. Thola ukuthi ukukhula kwengane engasanda kuzalwa kungabanikazi kwi-ultrasound esikhathini sokugcina sokukhulelwa. Izici eziyinhloko ezithinta ukukhula nesisindo somntwana ongakazalwa kungumsoco ogcwele wesifazane okhulelwe nokusebenza ngokomzimba.
I-World Health Organization iphakamisa imikhuba ethile yokukhula kwezingane. Lezi zimiso zakhiwe ngenxa yezifundo ezinde nokuhlolwa. Ososayensi bathi izimo ezinhle zokuthuthukiswa ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuphila kanye nokudla okunempilo, zithinta ukukhula nesisindo somntwana ngendlela yokuthi lezi zinkomba ziwela ngaphansi kwezinga elithile lamanani. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yingxenye yeplanethi lapho ingane izalwa khona, ukukhula kwayo nesisindo kunganquma ukuthi izimo zentuthuko yayo zihle kangakanani. Ngokwemvelo, zonke izingane ziyingqayizivele futhi zikhona ukuphambuka kusuka kulezi zindinganiso ezilinganiselwe, kodwa, njengokungabonakali, okungabalulekile. Ngokwezifundo, ukukhula okuvamile kwengane kumnikeza impilo engcono, kodwa ukukhula okuphezulu kwengane kungamlethela izinkinga ezibalulekile.
Amanani okukhula kwabantwana
Izindlela zokukhula nesisindo samantombazane nabafana ziyahlukahluka. Isikhathi sokukhula okunamandla kakhulu kubantu yizinyanga zokuqala zokuphila kanye nenkathi yokushicilela. Njengomthetho, ukukhula komuntu kugcwaliswa uneminyaka engama-20 - ukuphela kokusheshe.
1. Amanani okukhula kwezingane ezingaphansi konyaka owodwa. Njengomthetho, abafana bazalwa kancane kunamantombazane. Ukuphakama okuphakathi kokuzalwa kwabafana kungama-47-54 cm, ngamantombazane - 46-53 cm. Ngenyanga yokuqala, izingane eziningi zithola cishe u-3 cm ukuphakama. Ngomsoco omuhle futhi onomsoco, izingane zithatha cishe u-2 cm ngenyanga cishe ngonyaka. Ezinyangeni ezingu-2-3 zokugcina, lesi sibalo singancipha sibe ngu-1 cm. Ithebula libonisa izinga lokukhula labafana namantombazane kuze kube unyaka.
Ukukhula nobudala bomntwana
| Ubudala | Umfana | Intombazane |
|---|---|---|
| Izinyanga ezingu-0 | 47-54 cm | 46-53 cm |
| Inyanga eyodwa | 50-56 cm | 49-57 cm |
| Izinyanga ezimbili | 53-59 cm | 51-60 cm |
| Izinyanga ezintathu | 56-62 cm | 54-62 cm |
| Izinyanga ezingu-4 | 58-65 cm | 56-65 cm |
| Izinyanga ezingu-5 | 60-67 cm | 59-68 cm |
| Izinyanga ezingu-6 | 62-70 cm | 60-70 cm |
| Izinyanga ezingu-7 | 64-72 cm | 62-71 cm |
| Izinyanga ezingu-8 | 66-74 cm | 64-73 cm |
| Izinyanga ezingu-9 | 68-77 cm | 66-75 cm |
| Izinyanga ezingu-10 | 69-78 cm | 67-76 cm |
| Izinyanga ezingu-11 | 70-80 cm | 68-78 cm |
| Izinyanga ezingu-12 | 71-81 cm | 69-79 cm |
Ukwandisa ukukhula kwengane kuze kube unyaka, ukuncelisa kuncelisa. Ucwaningo oluningi lubonisa ukuthi abantwana abasebenzisa ubisi lwebele babaluleke kakhulu ngaphambi kokukhula nesisindo sezinsana ezincelisayo.
2. Izindlela zokukhula ezinganeni. Izici zokuthuthukiswa kwabafana namantombazane ekukhuleni ziyahlukahluka kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abafana namantombazane ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa kwenzeka eminyakeni ehlukene.
Emantombazaneni, ukuthomba kuqala eminyakeni eyi-11-12. Lesi sikhathi sibonakala ngokukhula okujulile. Ngokuvamile ngalesi sikhathi, amantombazane athola ukukhula kwabalingani nabo ekilasini.
Kwabafana, ukukhulelwa kuqala eminyakeni engu-12-13. Kule minyaka yobudala, abafana bayakwazi ukubamba amantombazane. Kusukela eminyakeni eyi-12 kuya kweyi-15, abafana bangathola u-8 cm ekukhuleni ngonyaka.
Izinkinga zokukhula kwengane ephezulu
Naphezu kokuthi ukukhula okuphezulu kumfana noma intombazane kubhekwa kukhangayo, uma ingane iphezulu, khona-ke abazali banesizathu sokukhathazeka.
Ukukhula okusheshayo nokukhudlwana kwengane kungabangelwa i-tumor pituitary eyenza i-hormone yokukhula ezinganeni. Ezinganeni eziphakeme, kaningi kunezinye, kukhona ukuphazamiseka ekusebenzeni kwesimiso sezinzwa nezifo zezitho zangaphakathi. Ngokuvamile, izingane eziphakeme zihlupheka ngenxa yokwanda kwamalungu. Ngaphandle lesi sifo sibonakala ngokushintsha kwesikhala sekhanda, ukunyuka okukhulu kwezinyawo nezandla.
Uma ingane ingumude kunabo bonke ekilasini, abazali kufanele bakubonise ku-endocrinologist ukugwema izinkinga eziqhubekayo.
Ifomula yokukhula kwengane
Kunomthelela okhethekile wokukhula kwengane, ngenxa yokuthi ungayithola ukuthi ukukhula okusemandleni komuntu osemusha.
Kumantombazane, ifomula ibalwa kanje: (ukukhula kukababa + ukuphakama komama - 12.5 cm) / 2.
Kwabafana, ukukhula okuhle kubalwa ngale ndlela: (ukukhula kukababa + ukuphakama komama + 12.5 cm) / 2.
Ngenxa yalezi zifomula, abazali banganquma ukuthi ingane yabo iyalandela noma ikhula ngokushesha.
Uma ingane ihlehla emuva ekukhuleni futhi ihlupheka ngenxa yokudla okuncane, ngakho-ke abazali nabo banesizathu sokukhathazeka. Ukukhula okuncane okukhula kungasho ukuthi ingane ayitholi izinto ezidingekayo namavithamini ekuthuthukisweni okujwayelekile. Kulesi simo, kubalulekile ukubuyekezwa kokudla kwansuku zonke kwengane bese uthintana nodokotela wezingane. Mhlawumbe, ngaphezu kokudla okunempilo, amavithamini azodinga ukukhula kwezingane.