Ama-apula acatshangwa kahle njengengane, i-vitamin-mineral complex ecebile iyasiza umzimba ukuba usebenze kahle, futhi uhlanzeke emithonjeni eyingozi. Umuntu oye wathatha isithelo se-apula ngeke akwenqabe ukutshala lesi sithelo esimangalisayo esiqhingini sakhe.
Uma utshala i-apula endaweni yangakini, unethuba lokuthola iminyaka engama-40 ngomvuzo wezithelo zawo ezinhle. Lesi sihlahla esibonakalayo ekuqaleni sibonakala singazithobeki, kodwa abalimi abaningi sebevele bafunde ekuhlangenwe nakho okubuhlungu ukuthi umuthi udinga ukunakekelwa okunempilo. Ukudubula kwamagatsha amadala, inoculation nezinye izinhlobo, ukwelashwa ngokumelene nezifo, njll. Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuze i-apula ikhule kahle futhi ithele izithelo, udinga ukwazi ukuthi ungayitshala kanjani kahle.
Ukutshala okulungile kwe-apula ekwindla
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezihlahla ze-apula: ikholoni futhi evamile. Uma utshala i-apple yesihlahla se-apula ekwindla, uhlelo lokutshala luyalandelayo: ukutshala kufanele kube kude no-40 cm ulandelana no-2 m phakathi kwemigqa. Umgodi wezinhlobo zezilwane akufanele ube ngaphezu kuka-50x50 cm. Hlela yonke inhlabathi eyabelwe ukutshala. Lokhu kunendawo engaba ngu-20 kg we-compost nge-1 m & sup2, umanyolo we-nitrogen - 70 g, superphosphate 50 g. Emva kwalokho, yonke inhlabathi iyagcinwa.
Uma udinga ukutshala izihlahla ezimbalwa, izimbobo zokutshala zinconywa ukumba ngaphansi kwesithombo ngasinye. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ubuchwepheshe bokutshala i-apple yemifula efana nekholomu kufana nesikhathi sokutshala i-apula ejwayelekile.
Indlela yokutshala izithombo ze-apula ekwindla?
Ukutshala kwezihlahla ze-apula ezincane ekwindla kufanele kuqale ngokulungiselela inhlabathi nomgodi. Imhlabathi: i-gravelly, stony, i-swampy - ayifanele imithi ye-apula. Inhlabathi kumele ibe khona kahle emanzini nasemoyeni. Amanzi angaphansi komhlaba kufanele avele kusuka kumamitha angu-2.5, kungabi ngaphansi.
Umgodi wezithombo ze-apula kufanele uzilungiselele ngenyanga. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukujula kwe-0.7 m okujulile kuvuliwe emhlabathini, futhi ububanzi buka-1 m. Uma ugoba, ungahlanganisi isendlalelo esiphezulu sezwe nesendlalelo esingezansi. Lapho umgodi ufundwa, phakathi naso, ushaye emgodleni, ubukhulu obuyi-5 cm, ubude bufana nokuthi isikhonkwane sisuka emgodini ngo-40-50 cm. Ukuze uvikele isikhonkwane kusuka kokubola, ingxenye engezansi yayo kufanele ishiswe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukutshala okufanele kwezihlahla ze-apula ekwindla kuhilela ukulungiswa kwenhlanganisela evundile. Kudingekile ukuxuba ungqimba ophezulu womhlaba nge-compost, peat, humus, umanyolo ophilayo, futhi uma inhlabathi ingobumba, wengeze isihlabathi. Yonke le nhlanganisela idluliselwa emgodini kuze kube phezulu, ngakho-ke kuphela intaba encane eyophakama ngaphezulu. Futhi ushiye umgodi wedwa wenyanga.
Isikhathi sokutshala se-apula siwela esikhathini kusukela ngo-September 20 kuya ku-Okthoba 15.
Imithetho yokutshala izihlahla zama-apula ekwindla
Isigaba esibaluleke kunazo zonke sesifikile. Qaphela ngokucophelela uhlelo lwempande le-seedling, umbala kufanele ube mhlophe, uma ubumnyama, umbala obomvu - usho ukuthi ususwe. Izicubu ezonakalisiwe ziyakunqunywa, izinhlobo eziphilile ziyadliwa izicubu eziphilayo ngo-2-3 cm.
Emgodini, esiwulungise inyanga ngaphambili, senza umgodi, phansi kwegodi kusuka ku-chernozem sakha isigundane esincane (ukuze singashise izimpande ngomanyolo). I-sapling kumele ifakwe ukuze isikhonkwane sisuke kuso kusukela eningizimu. Intamo yentambo kufanele ikhule cishe ngo-5 cm ngaphezulu.
Izimpande zandalala phezu kwentaba, zifafazwe nenhlabathi evundile. Kubalulekile ukusika phansi kahle, ukuze ungalimazi izimpande. Lapho uhlelo lwempande lulele, kudingeka udilize ngezikhathi ezithile isithombo,
Okulandelayo, sibopha imbewu yesishiyagalombili kuya kwesikhonkwane. Ukunisela izihlahla ze-apula ngemuva kokutshala ekwindla kuyimpoqo: emgodini ngamunye udinga ukuthulula amabhakede amabili wamanzi, bese uhlanganisa ama-humus.
Ukutshala izithombo ze-apula ngesikhathi sokutshala ekwindla akukwenziwanga, ukusika kufanele kwenziwe ngezihlahla eseziqalile futhi ezikhulile ngenkathi.
Ngokutshala okulungile, ngesikhathi esifanele nokunakekelwa kahle, uzothola isivuno esihle kakhulu nesicebile.