Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi inkathi yokuphumula yebhizinisi langempela lebhizinisi leyadini lifushane kakhulu. Ngemibala yokuqala yelanga lehlobo, bayanakekela ukuvikela izimpahla zabo ezinhlobonhlobo zezinambuzane nezifo. Sizokukhuluma ngokuthi yini nokuthi yini engaphathwa ezinhlotsheni zakuqala zasentwasahlobo namuhla.
Kunokuba usebenzise i-apula isihlahla somuthi entwasahlobo?
Izinyathelo zokuvikela emkhakheni wezithelo we-apula ziqala ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo (Mashi), kuze kube yilapho izihlahla zivuswe kusukela ebusika - azizange zifake amahlumela futhi azizange zifake isikhathi sokugeleza kokushisa okusebenzayo. Ngalesi sikhathi, kubalulekile ukuhlanza izihlahla zazo eziqhenqeni nasezindaweni zokufa kwe-cortex, ukuhlanza umqhele (ukusika wonke amagatsha angazange asinde ebusika kanye namahlumela). Zonke izingxenye, ukusikeka nezindawo ezihlungiwe kufanele zihlungwe ngokucophelela nge-sulfate (ngesilinganiso sama 300 amagremu ngalinye ngamalitha angu-10 amanzi), bese igcwele imfucuza yasensimu. Ukusika amagatsha, izingcezu zamagxolo kanye nezinye izidakamizwa ezakhiwe ngenxa yokuvuna kufanele ziqoqwe ngokucophelela futhi zishiswe. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuvikela umuthi ekukhuleni okuqhubekayo. Ngaphezu kokuvuna ngoMashi, sekuyisikhathi sokususa zonke izilokazane ezigxila emthonjeni - ziphatheni ngamakhemikhali, zicwilise bese zimba umjikelezo oseduze.
Yini okufanele sihlakulele izihlahla zama-apula entwasahlobo?
Ngokwesiko, ukukhishwa kwentwasahlobo yasekuseni kwentwasahlobo, lokhu kulungiselelwa okulandelayo:
- i-vitriol yethusi;
- enterobacterin;
- nitrafen;
- urea (urea) ;
- Bordeaux fluid;
- i-vitriol yensimbi;
- i-carbafos;
- i-chlorophos;
- benzophosphate.
Ake sihlale kwezinye zazo ngokuningiliziwe:
- I-Carbamide . Esinye sezidakamizwa ezivame kakhulu, futhi sidlala indima yomanyolo. Ngendlela yayo ehlanzekile, urea ayikwazi ukusetshenziselwa noma ngabe yikuphi, ngoba ingabangela ukushisa okukhulu kwisihlahla se-apula. Uma umgqomo uhlelwe ukucutshungulwa, ikhambi le-carbamide kufanele lingagxili kakhulu kunamagatsha okufafaza.
- I-vitriol ye-Copper . Ukusetshenziswa kwalesi sidakamizwa kunemigomo emibili: ukuvikela i-apula ezifweni ze-fungal (isikhumba, i-atranoz ne-monilioza) nokubhujiswa kwezinambuzane ezihlukahlukene.
- I-vitriol ye-Iron . Ngenxa yalokhu kusho ukuthi ama-apple agcwele ukungabi nensimbi edingeka kakhulu, futhi akhula ukuphikiswa kwezifo ezihlukahlukene (isikhumba, ukunqanda, umdlavuza omnyama, njll)
- I-Chlorophos . Enye yezindawo ezivame kakhulu kuyo yonke indawo ye-post-Soviet yama-insecticide. Ukufaneleka kwayo kungathiwa nezinga eliphakeme eliphezulu lokuphepha kubantu nasezilwaneni. Ukwelapha izihlahla ze-apula nge-chlorophosum kuyadingeka uma ziba yisisulu sezinambuzane, izitshalo zezithelo noma ezinye izinambuzane ezincelisayo.
- Isibabule sama Colloidal . Isiza ukubhekana nesifo se-powdery, isikhumba nesicabucabu se-spider. Lokhu kuyithuluzi elingenakuqhathaniswa, ukusebenza kwalo kuxhomeke kakhulu ezimweni zesimo sezulu - kungcono isimo sezulu, kungcono umphumela. Esimo sezulu esibhakabhakeni, ukupuniza nge-sulfur colloidal akusizi ngalutho ngokuphelele.
Ungaphatha kanjani izihlahla zama-apula entwasahlobo ngaphambi kokusila?
Ungakwazi ukufefaza kuqala ama-apula ngisho nalapho ikholomu ye-thermometer idlula uphawu lwe-+5 degrees. Inhloso yeyokuqala (ngaphambi kokuvuvukala kwezinso) ukwelashwa ukubhujiswa kokubili izifo ezifuywayo ze-fungal nezinambuzane zasebusika esihlahleni. Ukuze ulwe nabo, ungasebenzisa isisombululo sethusi sulfate, i-nitrafen noma i-DNOC. Ukwelashwa kwesibili kuwela ngesikhathi lapho izinso ezihlahleni ze-apula sezivele zakhiwe, kodwa zingakaqali futhi zenzelwe ukugcina izihlahla ezivela esikhaleni nasezinambuzane zezinso. Ukulwa nalezi zintuthuko kuzosiza isisombululo se-vitriol (ithusi noma insimbi), i-chlorophos, i-Bordeaux liquid noma ukumiswa kwe-sulfur colloidal.