Enye yezinto eziyingozi kakhulu kumuntu isifo senhliziyo. I-coronary syndrome enempilo yisimo esibucayi somzimba esongela ukuphila, futhi isibalo sesivele sisesesithombeni. Ukuxilongwa okunjalo kwenziwa ngosuku lokuqala, kanti odokotela benza ucwaningo futhi banquma ukuqina kwemiphumela.
I-coronary syndrome enamandla - iyini?
I-coronary syndrome enamandla kakhulu noma i-ACS - ukwephulwa kwegazi kugeyimu, okondla inhliziyo. Uma isitsha sinciphise kakhulu futhi ingxenye encane noma enkulu ye-myocardium iyeka ukusebenza kahle noma ifa, khona-ke kutholakala ukuxilongwa okunjalo. Ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa (usuku lokuqala emva kokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo), izazi ze-cardiologists zenza ukwelashwa ukuze kubuyiselwe i-patency.
Ngemuva kokuthola imiphumela, udokotela angakwazi ukutshela ukuthi isiguli siqala yini i- infarction ye-myocardial (MI) noma uma i- angina engaqiniseki (NA) ibonakala. Ukuxilongwa kwe-ACS kuhlangene futhi kudinga ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo, ngoba ngesifo udinga ukufaka isidakamizwa esichitha i-blood clot emithanjeni yenhliziyo, kungakapheli amahora angu-1.5 emva kokuqala kwezimpawu.
Uma ngalesi sikhathi kungabi yisikhathi, izazi ze-cardiologists zikwazi ukubeka kuphela izidakamizwa ezisekelayo ezinciphisa indawo yendawo efa futhi zisekele imisebenzi ebalulekile. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, uma ngokuzumayo unesifo senhliziyo futhi ungahambi imizuzu engu-10 ngemva kokuphumula, shayela ngokusheshisa i-ambulensi. Izinqubo ezingenakubuyiselwa emzimbeni ziqala ukuthuthukisa nokuqoqa, udokotela osheshayo kuphela ongasindisa umuntu.
I-coronary syndrome enamandla - izimbangela
Isizathu esiyinhloko sokuthuthukiswa kwesifo se-coronary syndrome siwubugebengu obubukhali bokunikezwa kwegazi emzimbeni wesifo senhliziyo, okungenzeka ngenxa yokunikezwa okwanele oksijini emzimbeni noma ukungabi nalutho ngesidingo esikhulu. Isisekelo sokuziphatha kwalesi sifo kubhekwa njengokubhujiswa kwezitsha ngokuhlukaniswa noma ukuhlukana kwebala.
Ezinye izimbangela ze-ACS kungaba:
- I-coronary artery thrombosis iyinhlangano eyakhiwe inhlanganisela yamafutha, i-cholesterol ne-calcium. Zingavela kunoma yisiphi isitsha futhi zihambisane negazi enhliziyweni.
- Ukuphefumula kwamathambo we-coronary arteries - bayondla isisu senhliziyo. Lesi yisifo esingelapheki esibonakala ukulahlekelwa ukuqina kwezindongeni zezimpahla kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwazo, kanye nokunciphisa ukukhanya kwe-lumen emaceleni.
Ngaphezu kwezimbangela ze-ACS, kunezici ezibangela ukuqala kwesifo. Ngenhlanganisela yezimo eziningana ezinjalo, ithuba lokuthola izinkinga zenhliziyo landa. Lokhu kufaka:
- ukukhuluphala;
- indlela yokuphila yokuhlala;
- isifo sikashukela mellitus;
- ukubhema nokuphuza utshwala;
- ukucindezeleka njalo;
- ukufeza;
- ukuguga (emva kweminyaka engama-40);
- ukuxhashazwa kokudla okunamafutha;
- amazinga aphakeme egazi we-cholesterol;
- ubulili besilisa.
I-coronary syndrome enamandla - izimpawu
I-syndrome ye-acute coronary acute inezimpawu ezinjalo:
- Ubuhlungu obuqinile nokuphikelela esifubeni, esinomqondo ocindezelayo, oshisayo noma ocindezelayo. Ukuhlasela kungadlulela kumaminithi angu-30 kuya emahoreni ambalwa, ezimweni ezingavamile, usuku.
- Ukuqhuba izimpikiswano ezibuhlungu ekuphelelweni kwemizwa engxenyeni engaphezulu kwesokunxele yomzimba (umunwe omncane, ingalo, isikhala, intamo, izimbambo kanye nomhlathi ophansi).
- Ubuhlungu bubonakala esimweni sokuphumula, ukulala noma emva kokusebenza ngokomzimba.
- Ukuzwa ukungabi nomoya noma ukukhathazeka;
- Isikhumba esikhumbeni, ukuthukuthela okubandayo ebunzini ebunzini.
- Ukusabela okungekho okujwayelekile kwesimiso sezinzwa ukucindezeleka: ukwazi ukudideka, ukuzithiba okuncane, umuzwa wokwesaba ukwesaba, okuqhubekayo kwanda.
- I-nitrolycerin ayizange ikwazi ukuyeka ubuhlungu.
- Ukungaphumeleli isigqi senhliziyo, ukuphefumula, ukuphelelwa amandla, ukuphefumula, ubuhlungu esiswini.
Iyini ingozi ye-acon coronary syndrome?
Lapho uphendula umbuzo mayelana nokuthi yiziphi izinkinga ezine-coronary syndrome ephawulekayo, izinga lokufa jikelele, elingama-30%, kufanele libhekwe. Ngokuvamile, ukufa kuvela ezigulini ngaphambi kokufika odokotela. Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu yi-fibrillation ye-ventricular. Izizathu eziyinhloko ezikhomba ukugxeka kwesimo yizi:
- iminyaka yesiguli yadlula iminyaka engama-60;
- ukudonsa okubukhali ekucindezeni kwegazi;
- i-palpitation yafika ngokushesha;
- emaphashini kukhona imigomo emanzi;
- ukuthuthukiswa kwe-edema ye-pulmona;
- ingcindezi eyengeziwe emthini wepmonta;
- ukunciphisa inani lomchamo ehlukaniswayo.
I-coronary syndrome enamandla - ukuxilongwa okuhlukile
Wonke umuntu othola izimpawu ezithile kufanele ahlole esibhedlela. Ukuxilongwa kwe-acon coronary syndrome kuhlanganisa:
- ukuhlaziywa kwezikhalazo kanye nokutadisha kuka-anamnesis;
- ukuvivinya umzimba kanye nokuhlolwa jikelele kwegazi nomchamo;
- i-coagulogram;
- i-echocardiography;
- i-coronary angiography;
- i-tomography ehlanganisiwe;
- i-electrocardiography - iyindlela eyinhloko ekutholeni i-acute coronary syndrome;
- i-imagination resonance magnetic - ikuvumela ukuba uhlole ukunikezwa kwegazi ku-myocardium futhi ulinganise ukugeleza kwegazi okuhamba phambili.
I-coronary syndrome enhle ku-ECG
Ukuze uhlolisise i-coronary syndrome ye-myocardial infarction ingase ibe ngemva kwe-electrocardiography - indlela yokurekhoda nokurekhoda umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo yethu. Ukuqhuba ucwaningo kuyadingeka ngesikhathi sezinhlungu, bese uqhathanisa nesimo somzimba ngaphambi noma emva kokuhlaselwa. Ukuhlola umsebenzi womzimba omkhulu womuntu kuyadingeka izikhathi eziningana kulo lonke ukwelashwa.
I-coronary syndrome enhle - ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo
Usizo lokuqala lwe-coronary syndrome kufanele lunikezwe isiguli ngaphambi kokufika kwe-ambulensi. Kuhlanganisa izigaba ezinjalo:
- Isiguli kufanele sibekwe ngemuva, amahlombe kanye nenhloko ephakanyiswe ngama-degree angu-30-40.
- Mkhulule umuntu kusuka izingubo eziqinile, vula iwindi ukuze kungabikho lutho oluphazamisa ukungenisa umoya emaphashini.
- Uma engekho i-edema ye-pulmona, isiguli kufanele sihlafune amaphilisi amabili ka-Aspecard noma i-Aspirin-Cardio.
- Linganisa ukucindezelwa kwegazi uma liphakeme kunama-90 kuya ku-60 mm. i-gt; bese unikeza isisulu ithebhulethi ye-nitroglycerin, phinda emva kwemizuzu engu-10.
- Qaphela isimo sesiguli, uma kunesidingo, simthulise ngamazwi (unganiki noma yimuphi umdabu), uma ekwazi, makumkhwehle ngokujulile futhi ngokujulile.
- Uma kungekho ukuphefumula kwesiguli, yenza ukuphefumula nokufakelwa kabusha.
I-coronary syndrome enamandla - ukwelashwa
Yenza ukwelashwa okunzima kwe-coronary syndrome ekamelweni lokunakekelwa okujulile noma ekunakekeleni okukhulu. Iziguli zinikezwa:
- ukwelashwa kwe-thrombolytic;
- i-stenirovanie ne-angioplasty;
- i-passpass coronary;
- i-coronary atherectomy ngqo;
- ukuphumula okuphuthumayo.