I-broccoli - ekhulayo nokuzilungisa emhlabathini ovulekile, imithetho elula yokuvunwa okuhle

Ungatshala inani elikhulu lemifino engadini yakho. Okuwusizo futhi okuhlwabusayo yi-broccoli, ukulima nokunakekelwa emhlabathini ovulekile olandelwa imithetho ethile yezobuchwepheshe bezolimo. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokutshala ezinemibala yazo, okubalulekile ukucabangela, ukuze kuhlume.

Ukutshala iklabishi broccoli emhlabathini ovulekile

Ukuze uhlakulele ngempumelelo, kunconywa ukuthi ukhethe indawo efanele yokufika ngokufanele. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi ezinye izinhlobo zeklabishi kanye ne-beet akufanele zitshalwe kusayithi ngaphambi. Ukutshala kwe-broccoli kufanele kwenziwe ensimini ekhanyayo, ngoba lesi siko semifino asidingi ukufaka shading. Kunconywe ukuthi kunomswakama okwandisiwe, ngakho-ke isibalo esihle somoya singama-85%, kanti nomhlabathi - 75%. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukujikelezwa kwemvelo yomoya.

Ukutshala i-broccoli emhlabathini ovulekile - imbewu

Izinto zokutshala zivunyelwe ukuhlanganiswa yedwa noma zingathengwa esitolo. Imbewu ihlwanyela ukushiya izibonelo ezinkulu kuphela. Kukhona uhlelo oluthile, indlela yokutshala u-broccoli emhlabathini ovulekile ngembewu:

1. Okubalulekile ukulungiselela kokuqala kokutshala izinto, ngakho okokuqala ubeke imizuzu engu-15-20. emanzini afudumele (izinga lokushisa lama-50 ° C), bese ulinciphisa ngomzuzu owodwa.
2. Ukuze ususe i-disinfection futhi ugcwale imbewu ngezinsiza eziwusizo, kuyadingeka ukuba ubenciphise amahora angu-6 kuya ku-12 ibe yisisombululo, okungama 1 litre amanzi, uthathe u-0.3-0.5 g we-boric acid no-1 g we-permassiate ye-potassium. Kusabalulekile ukubamba imbewu kwisixazululo somlotha amahora angu-5-6. Ukuze uyilungiselele ku-1 litre lamanzi, engeza u-1 tbsp. spoon of izinkuni ash futhi ukuphikelela ngaphambi ukusetshenziswa izinsuku ezimbili.
3. Ngemuva kwezinqubo zonke, hlambulula imbewu bese uwashiya amahora angu-24 eshalofini elingezansi lesiqandisini. Ukuthi bahluma, bawabeka ngendwangu ebomvu.
4. Ekutshalwe komhlaba okuvulekile kwenziwa enhlabathini evundiwe futhi ehlwanyelwe. Vala phezulu ngefilimu noma ingilazi ukuze udale izimo zokushisa. Kutuswa ukususa indawo yokukhosela ngemuva kokubukeka kwamahlumela ngokuphakama kwe-1-2 cm.
5. Uma i-broccoli ihlwanyelwa, ukulima nokunakekelwa kwayo emhlabathini ovulekile kufaka ukunqotshwa kwemifula ngemuva kokushicilelwa amashidi ama-2-3 okuqala. Ngenxa yalokho, ibanga elingama-40 cm kufanele lihlale phakathi kwezitshalo.

Indlela yokutshala i-broccoli emhlabathini ovulekile ngezithombo?

Izincomo zezitshalo ezikhulayo ekhaya zifana nezinye izitshalo zemifino. Ngokufakelwa emhlabathini ovulekile uzobe usulungele izinsuku ezingu-30-40, uma kukhona amaqabunga ama-5-6. Kunamaphuzu amaningi okutshala indlela yokutshala i-broccoli emhlabathini ovulekile:

1. Ngesonto ngaphambi kokutshala, kunconywa ukufutheka izithombo, ngoba lokhu ngezinsuku ezifudumele, ubeke amathangi amahora amaningana emoyeni ovulekile.
2. Endaweni elungiselelwe yenza izimbobo, kucatshangwa ukuthi phakathi kwawo kufanele kube ibanga lika-35-40 cm, naphakathi kwemigqa - 50-60 cm. Ukujula kufanele kufane nokuphakama kwesithombo, futhi lokhu kungaba ngu-20-25 cm. . umlotha bese unomhlabathi kahle.
3. Ukutshala kunconywa ntambama futhi kungcono kunesimo sezulu esinesibhakabhaka.
4. Ukuqala izithombo ze-broccoli, ukukhula nokukhathalela emhlabathini ovulekile kusho ukujulisa izithombo ekuphakameni kwesiqu, ukuze kuphela ukuhlala okuphezulu phezulu. Qaphela ukuthi awukwazi ukugcwalisa umhlabathi ngephuzu lokukhula. Uma ngesikhathi sokutshala izithombo akukho okhethwayo okwenziwa, khona-ke kuyenzeka ngalesi sikhathi. Enye iphuzu - ukuthuthukisa uhlelo oluhle lwempande, impande esemqoka kufanele ilandelwe.

Lapho ukutshala iklabishi broccoli emhlabathini ovulekile?

Nakuba lesi siko semifino singakwazi ukubekezelela ukushisa kwezinga lokushisa, kodwa hhayi esiteji sokutshala, kubalulekile ukulinda ukushisa kube khona. Ukuhlwanyela imbewu ngqo emhlabathini akunconywa ngaphambi kwezinsuku zokuqala zikaMeyi. Uma uzibuza ukuthi ungatshala kanjani i-broccoli emhlabathini ovulekile ngezithombo, bese uhlwanyela imbewu ekhaya kufanele uqale engxenyeni yesibili kaMeyi uma usebenzisa izinhlobo zakuqala. Ukuvuna ehlobo, hlwayela imbewu izithombo esikhathini sokuphela kuka-Ephreli kuze kube phakathi kukaJuni. Ukuhlwanyela kwezinhlobonhlobo zakudala kwenziwa ngasekupheleni kukaJuni.

Iklabishi ye-Broccoli - ukulima

Ngenxa yalesi siko semifino, izitshalo ezingomakhelwane kanye nekhwalithi yomhlabathi kufanele zicatshangelwe. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi kulezi zilwane kubonakala ukuthi uyakwazi ukumelana nesithwathwa emhlabathini, kuze kube ku -7 ° C nokushisa okuqinile. Ukushisa okunethezeka kakhulu kunama-18-20 ° C. Ukuthola indlela yokutshala i-broccoli ngaphandle, kufanelekile ukukhomba ukuthi emva kokuvuna isitshalo akuyeki ukukhula, ngakho akudingeki ususe amahlathi. Ngemuva kwamaviki angu-2-3 emahlumela ase-lateral ngokunakekelwa kahle, ama-inflorescences amasha akhiwa, kodwa phawula ukuthi isitshalo sesibili sizoba sincane futhi singabi esihlwabusayo.

Ukukhula kwe-broccoli ngaphandle - inhlabathi

Okuhle kakhulu kule nsimu yemifino yindawo efanelekayo yobumba noma umhlaba onesihlabathi esincane. Ukuze uthuthukise izici ze-agrotechnical zesayithi elikhethiwe, kunconywa ukuba ugeze ngamanus noma inkukhu yokudonsa ekwindla. Ngaphambi kokuqala kwebusika, kunconywa ukuyigubha. Qaphela ukuthi ukukhula ngaphandle kwe-broccoli kufanele kwenziwe enhlabathini ye-alkali, uma i-acidity yanda, bese ufaka i-lime encane.

Ukutshala okuhlanganyelwe nge-broccoli

Abalimi abanolwazi bathi ngesikhathi sokutshala izitshalo zemifino, kudingeka ucabange ukuhambisana nokungahambisani kwazo. Uma ukhula i-broccoli, khumbula ukuthi ikhula kahle eduze kwamazambane, izaqathe, ama-aergergini, ithanga, i-pepper kanye namakhukhamba. Ukungahambisani, okumangalisayo kakhulu, kubonakala ngekholifulawa. Ngokuqondene namajikijolo, i-broccoli izokhula kahle ngama-strawberry, amakhabe kanye nama-currants.

Ukunakekela i-broccoli ensimini evulekile

Ukuze uthole isivuno esicebile, kubalulekile ukuhambisana nezincomo eziningi mayelana nokunakekelwa kwalesi siko semifino. Izinqubo eziphoqelekile zihlanganisa ukuchelela njalo nokufaka umquba, futhi ngisho nokukhulula izinambuzane zenhlabathi nokulwa. Ukunakekela i-broccoli emhlabathini ovulekile kusho ukuthi inyanga ngemva kokutshala amahlathini ngempela amagquma futhi ukhulule inhlabathi endaweni engaphansi. Qaphela ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuqala izitshalo ziyesaba ilanga, ngakho zimboze nge-lapnika noma amabhakede.

Ukubhoboza i-broccoli emhlabathini ovulekile

Zonke izinhlobo zalesi siko, kufaka phakathi i-broccoli, zifuna ukuchelela, kodwa umswakama owedlulele wale nsimu yemifino ayamukeleki. Uma inhlabathi inomswakama, ukuhlaselwa kwezinambuzane ezihlukahlukene kanye nokuhlasela kwezifo kungenzeka. Ukunakekela iklabishi ye-broccoli kusho ukuchelela okulinganiselayo, kepha ukuma komhlabathi akuvunyelwe. Ezimweni eziningi, ukunisela okulodwa ngesonto kwanele, kodwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu inani kufanele landa. Uma kushisa kakhulu ngaphandle, bese uhlanza izitshalo kusihlwa.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwe-broccoli emhlabathini ovulekile

Ukwenza amakhanda amakhulu, kunconywa ukuthi ufake ukuphakela okujwayelekile ekunakekeleni.

1. Okokuqala umanyolo usungulwa amasonto amabili emva kokutshala izithombo. Sebenzisa isisombululo se- Mullein , kunikezwe ukuthi 1 tbsp. I-organic kufanele iwele ebhakedeni lamanzi. Faka ithisipuni 1 ye-urea kwisisombululo. Esikhundleni se-mullein, umquba wezinkukhu ungasetshenziswa, ukuwuxuba ngamanzi ngesilinganiso se-1:20. Uma imbewu ihlwanyelwa emhlabathini ovulekile, umanyolo kufanele uqaliswe amasonto amathathu emva kokuvela kwemifula.
2. Ukulima nokunakekelwa kusho ukudla kwesibili emasontweni amabili emva kokukhulelwa kokuqala. Sebenzisa i-nitrate, ungeze ibhokisi lokufanisa eligcwele ibhakede lamanzi.
3. Ukudla kwesithathu iklabishi ye-broccoli emhlabathini ovulekile yi-potash-phosphoric. Thatha 20 g we-superphosphate, 10 g we-ammonium nitrate kanye no-5 g we-potassium sulfate ngamanzi angu-5 l.
4. Uma ikhanda eliphakathi liqedwa, ukuze kukhuthazwe ukukhula kwamahlumela, sebenzisa lesi sixazululo ekunakekeleni: ama-5 amalitha amanzi, uthathe ama-5 g we-ammonium nitrate, 10 g we-superphosphate kanye no-20 g we-potassium sulfate. Esihlahleni ngasinye uchithe ilitha elilodwa lesisombululo esiphelile.
5. Ukuthuthukiswa okuhle kwe-broccoli, okukhulayo nokunakekelwa emhlabathini ovulekile kufaka ukufaka umquba ngamapulangwe, okumele kuhlakazwe kuzungeze isayithi, uma kunikezwe ukuthi imitha eyodwa yesikwele kufanele isetshenziswe ngamitha yendawo ngayinye.

Izinambuzane nezifo ze-broccoli

Ukungaphumeleli kwalesi siko semifino kufaka hlangana ukuthi kunengozi kakhulu ezifweni ezihlukahlukene kanye nezinambuzane. Izinkinga ezivame kakhulu:

1. Esikhathini sesiteji, umlenze omnyama uvame ukuvela, ngakho-ke akukhuthazwa ukutshala endaweni lapho amasiko ase-cruciferous asetshenziselwa ukukhula. Ukuthi le nkinga ayibonakali, akudingekile ukuba ususe imifula. Lahla lesi sifo, i-broccoli ezimweni eziningi ayikwazi futhi izithombo kufanele zikhishwe.
2. Uma ukhula emhlabathini ovulekile, kungenzeka ukuba uhlasele ama-slugs bese usindiswa kubo uma ufafaza umhlabathi ngegobolondo leqanda elichotshoziwe.
3. Zonke izinhlobo ziphethwe izibungu, ekugcineni zikhula zibe ama-butterflies. Ukuvimbela ukubukeka kwabo, kutuswa ukuba utshale eduze kwe-broccoli marigold. Uma zivela, kufanele zisuswe ngesandla.
4. Izinambuzane eziyingozi kunazo zonke ezincane zalesisitshalo ziyi-sacral fleas. Ungabalwa nabo ngomhlabathi ophansi noma umlotha, ofafazwe ngokutshala.