Mhlawumbe, kunezitshalo ezimbalwa emhlabeni ukuthi, njenge-eustoma, akushiyi muntu ongenandaba. Kulula nje ukudlula nge "rose" engavamile ngokudweba, ngaphandle kokungabi namameva. Ubuhle-eustoma, ukutshalwa kokubili okusemandleni okwakhiwa njengekamelo kanye nendawo yezitshalo, kuthola ukuthandwa okungakaze kube khona kulezi zinsuku.
Yini efana ne-eustoma?
Igumbi le-Lysianthus noma i-eustoma yisitshalo se-herbaceous esinama-branching kakhulu esingaba ngu-50-70 cm ukuphakama. Amahlumela angenayo i-lisianthus adidekile kalula nama roses, futhi esimweni esingenalutho bafana nezimbali ze-poppy. Ngokwemvelo, zonke izinhlobo ezintathu zalesi sitshalo ziyaziwa, kodwa eyodwa kuphela yazo isetshenziselwa isiko: i-eustoma enkulu-enamandla. Yasebenza njengesisekelo sokuzalisa izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene, ezihlanganisa yonke imibala yezinhlobonhlobo zemidwebo futhi ehlukile ekuphakameni kweziqu kanye nesilinganiso se-terry buds.
Izinhlobo ze-eustoma
I-Eustoma - imbali iminyaka eminingi, kodwa isimo sezulu esivuthayo sitshalwe njengonyaka. Amamaki amade, okuphakama kwawo okungaphezu kwama-50 cm, avame ukukhula emasimini nasezindlini zokugcina izithombo zokusika, futhi ezincane njengezitshalo zasendlini. I-eustoma kabili (ephindwe kabili) ijabula ijubane elikhulu elingavamile (kuze kube ngu-7 cm ububanzi) nezimbali eziluhlaza, futhi okungewona (ongashadile) okuhlaba umxhwele ngefomu elibi kakhulu.
Izitshalo nezinhlobo ezikhulile:
- "Ubuqotho";
- I "Riddle";
- "Ububele";
- I-Little Mermaid;
- "Pink Pink";
- "I-Florida Blue";
- "Rosie";
- Mirmead;
- "Sapphira yi-haze ebomvu";
- "Sapphira yi-haze eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka."
Ama-hybride amade nezinhlobonhlobo:
- "F1-obomvu iwayini";
- "F1 Cinderella";
- "F1 Mariachi Lime";
- "F1 Twinkies omhlophe / ophuzi / pink / okhanyayo purple";
- "F1 Flamenco Blue / Lime / Pink";
- "F1 Echo omhlophe / ophuzi / lavender / pink / champagne";
- "F1 ABC Blue";
- «F1 Echo Pink Pikoti».
Eustoma - ukufika
Ekugcineni zonke iziphakamiso zethenda ne-fragile eustoma ngaphandle, ukulima kwezimo zendlu kunzima kakhulu. Ngeshwa, ayikho indlela yezitshalo yokwandisa ngeke iphumelele - ama-cuttings ngeke ahlome, futhi ezama ukuhlukanisa i-rhizome izoholela ekufeni komntwana kanye nesitshalo somama. Esigayini somgadi wensimu kukhona ukutshala kwe-eustoma kuphela ukukhulisa izithombo. Yiqiniso, akunakwenzeka ukuba ukwazi ukuqoqa imbewu ngokuzimela - ama-hybridi amahle kakhulu we-eustoma yezinhlamvu awafaki.
I-Eustoma - ekhula kusuka kumbewu
Kukhona umbono wokuthi i-lisianthus iyingozi kakhulu futhi kungenzeka ukuthi izithole zikwazi ukuzuza izitshalo ezingavamile kuphela. Kodwa ngendlela efanele, ukulima kwalo ngokuqinisekile kuyophumelela. Ake sihlole ngokuningiliziwe umbuzo wokuthi ungakhula kanjani kulesitshalo njenge-eustoma:
- Khetha imbewu. Ukuthola izinto zokutshala ze-eustoma ngokudayiswa akulula. Njengoba lezi zincane kakhulu, zithengiswa ngesimo se-granules - imbewu, ehlanganiswe igobolondo elikhethekile lomsoco. Ukuze uthole ukuhlolwa kokuqala kokulima, kungcono ukhethe ukuhlukahluka okuphakathi kwe-eustoma yangaphakathi.
- Sifaka konke okudingekayo. Ukuze kwenziwe imisebenzi yokufika, izitsha ezincane ezigcwala ukukhanya, inhlabathi enamanzi kanye nemanzi (substrate), isibonelo, inhlabathi ehlanganisiwe evulekile ye-senpolia, kuyodingeka. Kudingeka futhi ukulungisa i-polyethylene noma ingilazi ye-mini-greenhouse kanye nesibani se-fluorescent sokuhlela izimo zokukhanya ezidingekayo.
- Sihlwanyela izithombo. Ukusuka kwehla kwembewu emhlabathini kuze kube nezimbali zomthotho wokuqala kuthatha cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha. Ngakho-ke, isikhathi sokuhlwanyela i-eustoma iwela ngesikhathi samaholide omnyaka omusha - ekupheleni kukaDisemba - ekuqaleni kukaJanuwari. Kutshalwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kune-eustoma, nakuba izokhula, ngeke kwenzeke ukuthi ijabule ngezimbali ngaphambi kokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibanda. Ukuhlwanyela kwenzeka ngokungafani - izigulane zibekwe phezu komhlabathi, bese zigcwala kakhulu i-atomizer.
- Sihlela i-mini-greenhouse. Isivakashi esivela emazweni ashisayo, i-eustoma yokulima kufanele idinga. Ukuze imbewu ikhule ngokuphumelelayo, idinga izinga eliphakeme lokumswakama, izinga lokushisa lama-+20 ° +25 ° C nokukhanya okuhlakazekile okungenani amahora angu-14 ngosuku. Ukuze udale lezi zimo, isitsha esinezimbewu kufanele sihlanganiswe nefilimu noma ingilazi futhi sibekwe ngaphansi kwesibani se-fluorescent. Ngezikhathi ezithile (njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-5-7), ukushisa okumele kube khona kufanele kusetshenziswe umoya (imizuzu engu-10-15) futhi, uma kunesidingo, unganise umhlabathi, uzama ukugcwalisa inhlabathi ngembewu.
Eustoma - izithombo
Amahlumela okuqala e-eustoma poke avela emhlabeni ngomhla ka-14-15 emva kokuhlwanyela. Ngokwesilinganiso, ukuhluma kwembewu kungathatha kusuka emavikini amathathu kuya kwenyanga. Emva kwalokho, izinga lokushisa lokuqukethwe kufanele linciphise libe ngu-18 ° C. Lapho amaqabunga amabili akhalwa emahlumela, izithombo kufanele zihanjiswe eziqukathi ezihlukene. Ngenxa yokuthi imbali egumbini le-eustoma kule nkathi inebukhulu obuncane, lokhu kusebenza kungabhekiselwa ekuhlobheni ubucwebe - ngakho ngobumnene kufanele usebenze ukuze ungalimazi izimpande.
Lapho uneminyaka eyizinyanga ezimbili izitshalo kumele zifakwe kabusha, kodwa ngendlela yokuguqula. Ngaphansi kwebhodlela kumele kufakwe uhlaka olunzulu lwamanzi . Kule nkathi sekuvele kunokwenzeka ukuba unqabe ngokuphelele kokubili ukushisa nokukhanya - izimbiza ezinezimbewu zingabekwe kwi-sill efakwe kahle. I-eustoma ehle kakhulu ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi izobe isilungele ngokuphelele ukufakelwa emhlabathini ovulekile.
Ungayinakekela kanjani i-eustoma?
Indwendwe esuka ekutshalweni kwe-eustoma e-solar yaseMexico futhi ukunakekelwa kudinga ukuthi kube yinkimbinkimbi. Okokuqala, abanikazi kufanele baqhubeke nokulawula ukuphuza okukhethekile, ukuze lesi sitshalo singabi nesimo somswakama, kodwa singabi yisisulu sezifo ezibola noma izifo. Okwesibili, izimpande ze-eustoma azibekezeli ukukhathazeka, ngakho-ke isitshalo esidala singafakwa kuphela ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu kanye nokugcinwa kwazo zonke izinyathelo zokuqapha.
Ukufakelwa kwe-Eustoma
Ukuze uthumele izithombo endaweni yasebhodini, ungaqhubeka lapho amahlathi edala i-rosette egcwele amahlamvu angu-6-8. Kungcono ukukhetha ilanga elingenalutho elinamahlumela okwenza lokhu noma ukwenze kusihlwa. Izimbiza zehlathi ngalinye kufanele zilungiswe ukuze izitshalo zingatshaliwe hhayi ezijulile kunokukhulela ebhodweni. Ngokokuqala ngqa, ukunakekelwa kwe-eustoma kufanele kutholwe ngokucophelela: ukugcina umswakama nokuvikela emakhazeni asebusuku, isihlahla ngasinye kufanele sihlanganiswe nebhodlela lepulasitiki elikhonjiwe. Emasontweni amabili emva kokufakelwa kabusha lokhu kusetshenziselwa ukushisa kungasuswa.
I-Primer ye-eustoma
Izimo zokutshala i-eustoma zikhomba ukulinganisa okuphezulu kwezici zemvelo zezindawo zendawo zalesi sitshalo. Umhlabathi wokuthuthukiswa okugcwele kwesimiso kufanele uvumele emoyeni nasemanzini, ube nocebile ezakhiweni. Umgodi wokutshala ungagcwaliswa nenhlabathi engadini ehlanganiswe nesihlabathi, i-peat noma i-humus. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwamafloriculturists asekhaya kubonisa ukuthi i-eustoma, ukulima okudlulela ku-chernozem, ngokushesha yaqala ukukhula futhi ijabule nezimbali ezinhle kakhulu. Futhi inhlabathi eyindayo yobumba yaholela ekunciphiseni ekukhuleni nasekufinyeleleni izifo.
Isitshalo se-Eustoma - izici zokuchelela
I-Lysianthus-eustoma ihlakulela izimo zasekhaya kuphela lapho kuhlinzekwa izinga lokuswakama elidingekayo. Ukuze ulondoloze, kungadingeka ufake i-humidifier emoyeni. Kokubili egumbini nasensimini, i-eustom kufanele iphuze kuphela emva kokumisa ungqimba ophezulu wenhlabathi, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umhlaba uhlale unomsoco, kodwa hhayi wet. Spray lesi sitshalo sidangele kakhulu, ukuchelela kufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi komsuka, usebenzisa amanzi afudumele, amile kwalokhu.
Ungondla kanjani izithombo ze-eustoma?
Ukusheshisa ukukhula kwezithombo futhi ukwandisa ukumelana kwayo nezifo kungenzeka ngesikhathi esenziwa ukondla i-eustoma. Ukuze kusetshenziswe, ungasebenzisa umanyolo "Kemira luxury", amalungiselelo "Zircon" no HB-101. Lokhu kuzosiza izithombo zakha uhlelo lwempande futhi zikhule ziqina. Ngeke kube yinto engafanele ukuphindaphinda inqubo kanye nezinsuku ezingu-10-14 ngemuva kokutshala izithombo endaweni engunaphakade. Phakathi nenkathi yezimbali, kunconywa ukuba i-eustoma idliwe kanye njalo emva kwamasonto ayisithupha nomanyolo wezitshalo zezimbali.
Izifo ze-eustoma
Njengabanye abathandi bemozulu eshisayo, i-eustoma ijwayele izifo ezihlukahlukene ze-fungal. Inhlekelele yesitshalo esiphuthumayo ingabangela ukulimala yi- gray rot noma isikhutha se-powdery . Ukutshala ngokuvamile kushabalala emmpandeni ngenxa yokulimala komlenze omnyama. Esimweni se-eustoma - imbali iminyaka eminingi, kodwa esimweni sezulu sasekhaya, ukungabi namanzi nezifo ezihlobene nokuholela ekufeni kwayo ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila. Ukufafaza okuvamile nge-fungicides kuzosiza ngenkinga: "Aktellik", "Confidor", "Fitoverm".